Pigeons can be independent in 22-23 days. But don't let breeding pigeons lay too many eggs, which is not good for breeding pigeons and young pigeons.
Breeding pigeons are special pigeons specially used to produce the next generation of young pigeons. Breeding pigeons include male pigeons and female pigeons. Breeding pigeons require good genetics, health without infectious diseases, good reproductive performance, and many other characteristics. Selecting a good breeding pigeon must go through at least four breeding times: selecting the original or ancestral breeding pigeon varieties with good appearance, production performance and health as the previous generation breeding pigeon;
When breeding pigeons hatch, they must have a stable environment to avoid strong light irradiation and interference from neighboring pigeons. Therefore, in order to avoid the interference of adjacent breeding pigeons, the periphery of the nest plate needs to be separated by baffles. At the same time, strangers are forbidden to enter or sudden noise scares parents. When some newly paired breeding pigeons are still unwilling to hatch after laying two eggs, they can cover the outer circumference of the cage with black cloth, and then remove the black cloth after their hatching eggs are stable; You can also hatch their eggs for other breeding pigeons. The following information is for reference only.
Breeding and management of breeding pigeons in the incubation period, breeding pigeons are generally divided into three stages, namely pairing nesting, laying eggs and hatching.
First, mating and nesting stage This stage is from mating to seven or eight days after spawning. Nest-sitting is the most important stage in the life of breeding pigeons in pairs, which plays a role of more than 50% in the success of pigeon farm production. Management should pay attention to the following: (1) One shed (mainly group breeding) will move all pigeons in pairs at one time. (2) Move in the same number of male pigeons and female pigeons at the same time. (3) Forcibly move breeding pigeons that stay on the ground or in straw boxes and food troughs. Enter the idle nest and temporarily close the door of the nest with barbed wire. Prevent breeding pigeons from coming out of cages. If the breeding pigeons have not settled down, they can be released every night and put into the nest the next day. (4) Identify stray pigeons and understand the reasons for their wandering (health problems, accidents, aggression, insufficient feeding, etc.). ). If there are "parasitic" male pigeons, generally speaking, these male pigeons are aggressive and easily occupy the whole nest, leading to internal imbalance in the pigeon farm, so they should be cultivated or eliminated. (5) It is observed that all pigeons can eat and drink correctly. Breeding pigeons with stable nests are stable at the initial stage of production, and breeding pigeons will mate and lay eggs.
Second, in the laying stage, when the mating times of male and female pigeons increase obviously, it means that eggs will be laid soon. When laying eggs, the female pigeon often squats in the nest basin, the male pigeon holds the grass and the female pigeon makes a nest. At this time, a layer of linen should be placed in the pot, and a layer of short straw or chaff or straw should be placed under the linen as padding. Generally, two eggs will be laid about 10 days after pairing. (1) Nest management of new nests, paving the way for bedding. Cushions generally use short and soft straw, such as straw, to let pigeons sit in their nests; Clean the multiparous nests that do not lay eggs, especially the dirty nests, and wash and disinfect them before use; In order to ensure the safety of young pigeons, it is mainly necessary to prevent rats, cats and snakes. Avoid entering in the shed to ensure the smooth production. Most breeding pigeons frightened by the enemy refused to hold their nests. Therefore, when finding breeding pigeons that refuse to nest, we should find out what the reason is, where the interference comes from and eliminate it. At the same time, the door of the breeding pigeon nest is blocked with black cloth or baffle to make the breeding pigeon feel safer; To prevent the wind from invading the nest, or the nest room leaks rain and soaks the eggs. (2) In the early stage of laying eggs, breeders should pay attention to the breeding dynamics of breeding pigeons. When the male pigeon actively looks for sundries (feathers) around the cage and brings them into the nest basin, while the female pigeon crouches in the nest for a long time and even refuses to leave the nest, it shows that the female pigeon is about to lay eggs. Therefore, the breeder should clean the nest basin as soon as possible. It is best to use double linen as the padding, which is easy to clean. Using dry fine sand as bedding has a good effect on preventing eggs from breaking and cleaning up the feces in the nest basin. Adding tobacco stems into the filler can prevent pigeon ectoparasites. For the production pigeons feeding the young pigeons, the young pigeons can be transferred to another nest at the age of 10, or artificially fed, so that the parents can lay their eggs safely. Pay more attention to some female pigeons who often lay eggs outside the nest basin and rush into the pigeon nest to lay eggs in time. (3) Check the laying rate 1 to prevent pigeons from laying sterile eggs, soft-shelled eggs and deformed eggs. At the beginning of delivery, there are quite a lot of azoospermic eggs, but the fertilization rate should reach more than 70%. If it is lower than this ratio, it is abnormal. At this time, it is necessary to check whether the matching is reasonable, whether there is a female situation, and whether sanitary sand is supplied according to the formula requirements. Soft-shell eggs, thin-shell eggs or sand-shell eggs often appear when nutrition is not comprehensive. 2. Minimize broken eggs. There are many reasons for breaking eggs: first, the structure of the nest plate is unreasonable, there is no padding or the bottom is too flat, and the two eggs are not concentrated, which is easy to be trampled by parents; Secondly, the two pigeons are not harmonious, especially the newly paired pigeons have a bad temper and unstable mood, and often peck at each other and run around, resulting in the eggs being trampled; The third is the interference of strangers or wild animals, and the breeder is not careful in his work, which makes the pigeons frightened and break their eggs; Fourth, the pigeon is too heavy, and the improper position of the pigeon nest will also break the egg; Fifth, after the spawning nest was removed and cleaned, it was not played back in time, and the pigeons broke or trampled the eggs at the bottom of the cage and on the ground; Sixth, pigeons lack certain elements or bad habits and eat pigeon eggs.
3. Incubation period: Pigeons begin to hatch after laying two eggs, and the incubation period is 17 ~ 18 days. If it exceeds 18 days, the pigeons will abandon the old nest and look for a new nest to lay eggs, and the hatching work will be shared by the male and female pigeons. Egg management is the key at this stage. (1) Do a good job of checking, patting and merging eggs. The breeder should check the eggs every day and infer the hatching situation by looking at the color of the eggs; When the eggshell is found to be stained with feces, it should be wiped clean with gauze; If the feces are dry, soften them with cold water before wiping them off. Because the eggshell pollutes the feces, germs can invade the eggs through the eggshell during incubation, resulting in embryo death. During the incubation period, eggs were photographed on the fifth day and the tenth day respectively. Sperm-free eggs (light eggs), dead sperm eggs (red root eggs) and dead embryo eggs (rotten eggs) should be taken out in time, and single eggs should be combined in time to reduce empty incubation. When taking pictures of eggs, the tool can be a flashlight or a homemade egg extractor. Put the eggs in the opening of a flashlight or an egg extractor and check them in the dark. The eggs were photographed for the first time on the fourth and fifth days of incubation to find out the azoospermic eggs and dead sperm eggs. If there are spider-like blood vessels in the egg, it will radiate evenly around, which is the fertilized egg; If there are blood vessels in the egg, but it is a thick line in the shape of "~" or "U", it is a dead sperm egg; If an egg is transparent, it is an azoospermic egg (or a white egg). The eggs were irradiated for the second time on 10 ~ 12 days after hatching to find out the dead embryos. If one end of the egg is black and fixed, the air chamber at the other end is enlarged and the embryo develops normally; If the contents of an egg flow like water and the shell is gray, it is a dead embryo egg. (2) In order to reduce the environmental pressure, stable incubation temperature is needed for egg incubation. When parents leave the nest for a long time, cold eggs will appear, which will lead to the failure of incubation. In order to let parents concentrate on hatching, the production of pigeon houses should avoid strong light irradiation and interference from neighboring pigeons; We should do a good job of killing rats to avoid the harm of snakes and cats. At the same time, strangers are forbidden to enter or sudden noise scares parents. (3) Keep warm and cool. The incubation temperature of pigeons is not artificially controlled, but is greatly influenced by natural temperature. In the cold winter, it is easy to cause stillbirth in the early stage of incubation, so it is necessary to thicken the padding to prevent thieves from invading. It is easy to cause stillbirth in the late summer incubation period, so it is necessary to do a good job of cooling down, such as shading in time to prevent direct sunlight, appropriately reducing padding, opening windows for ventilation, sprinkling cold water on the floor, and using fans in pigeon farms with good conditions to cool down. (4) prevent male and female pigeons from competing for hatching eggs. Pigeons, especially elderly pigeons, have strong nesting ability and unbalanced hatching instinct, and often compete for hatching eggs. After a week's incubation, pigeon eggs's eggshells become thinner physiologically, and are easily crushed, causing unnecessary losses, which is one of the main reasons for hatching single eggs and producing single chicks. The effective prevention method is to eliminate old pigeons in time. (V) Disposal of Pigeons Unwilling to Hatch When some newly paired breeding pigeons are still unwilling to hatch after laying two eggs, they can cover the outer circumference of the cage with black cloth, and then remove the black cloth after the hatching eggs are stable; You can also hatch their eggs for other breeding pigeons. (6) Pigeons hatched with diet and drinking water have low metabolism and reduced food intake due to less activity. During incubation, we should pay attention to the quality and digestibility of the feed, continuously supply clean drinking water, supply fresh raw sand every day, and add stomach-invigorating and antibacterial drugs to the raw sand. (7) handle eggs with care, avoid being rude and wear gloves (to prevent pecking). When taking eggs, palm down, hand through the pigeon's abdomen, gently lift the pigeon in the nest, and then grab the eggs and take them out; When you put the egg back, the back of your hand is up, grab the egg, lift the pigeon in the nest and put the egg back in the pigeon nest.