Knowledge of tuberculosis prevention 1. What are the basic knowledge of preventing tuberculosis?
The focus of tuberculosis is early detection and prevention, including immunization prevention, drug prevention and disinfection prevention.
Immunization prevention: Immunization prevention is mainly aimed at newborn babies. Because tuberculosis immunity will not be transmitted from placenta to fetus, newborn babies have no resistance to tuberculosis. The prevention method is to inoculate BCG after birth. In China, the first vaccination on the day of birth is to prevent tuberculosis, especially for tuberculous meningitis and miliary tuberculosis, which can reduce the incidence and mortality of severe tuberculosis.
However, with the increase of age, the immune effect will gradually disappear until it disappears, so it does not mean that tuberculosis cannot be prevented after BCG vaccination. Drug prevention: people who have been infected with tuberculosis but have not yet developed it should receive anti-tuberculosis drugs. The target of anti-tuberculosis drug prevention is: 1, children who are in close contact with infectious tuberculosis patients and have positive tuberculin test; 2, X-ray chest film has inactive lesions, and people who have not received anti-tuberculosis treatment before; 3, HIV-infected people, etc.
Specific preventive medication should be in accordance with the doctor's advice. The data show that the effective effect of standardized preventive treatment for patients with positive tuberculin test can last for 20 years, and at the same time, it can avoid home isolation and disinfection of tuberculosis to the greatest extent: every source of infection is harmful to the family, and the focus of home disinfection and isolation is the management of patients' cough and expectoration.
1. Treatment of sputum: It is best for patients to spit in toilet paper, or spit in disposable goods such as paper cups or plastic bags, and burn them centrally. This is the simplest, most economical and most effective way to prevent the spread of tuberculosis.
2. Soak with disinfectant, spit with 84 disinfectant of 1:500, and kill bacteria for 1-2 hours. 3. When tuberculosis patients cough and sneeze, cover their nose and mouth with toilet paper or handkerchief and turn their heads away.
After use, put the toilet paper in a plastic bag, collect it and burn it evenly. Don't put it anywhere. Don't face others when coughing or sneezing, don't talk loudly, and keep a distance of at least 1 m when talking with others.
4. The simplest way to disinfect the room where pulmonary tuberculosis patients live during ventilation is 2-3 times a day, and each time is not less than 30 minutes. The bedding of tuberculosis patients should be washed and dried frequently, and the dishes, chopsticks and toiletries should be specially washed; Old clothes, old sheets and quilts, etc. It is best to blanch with boiling water, then wash it and put it alone; Towels, masks, bowls and chopsticks can be boiled in boiling water for 10 minutes to kill tuberculosis germs.
This is the easiest thing to do at home. 6. It is better for tuberculosis patients to live in a separate room. It is difficult for residents to live in separate rooms, at least in single beds or separate rooms, especially those with children at home.
7. After taking care of tuberculosis patients, family members should pay attention to fully washing their faces, hands, cleaning their nasal cavity and gargling.
2. Tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge
In order to achieve the planning goal that the awareness rate of tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge of the whole people will reach 60% in 2005 and 80% in 20 10, further strengthen the publicity and education of tuberculosis prevention and control, widely, deeply and scientifically publicize the national tuberculosis prevention and control policies and strategies and knowledge, and effectively curb the epidemic situation of tuberculosis, the tuberculosis project office of our province has launched a series of publicity activities on prevention and control knowledge for the public.
1. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that seriously harms human health.
If you get tuberculosis, if you can't treat it thoroughly, you will lose your ability to work completely and infect others, which is extremely harmful to individuals and families.
2. Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease spread through respiratory tract, which is mainly transmitted to others through droplets ejected by patients when they cough, sneeze or speak loudly.
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease, which is caused by a bacterium called tuberculosis. However, only tuberculosis patients who can detect tuberculosis in sputum are contagious. These patients with infectious tuberculosis may cause infection by coughing, sneezing, spitting in other people's faces when talking loudly.
Generally speaking, being infected does not necessarily lead to disease. Only when the body's resistance drops can it progress into tuberculosis.
3. Coughing and expectoration for more than three weeks, or bloodshot sputum, should be suspected of tuberculosis.
Cough and expectoration for more than three weeks are usually the main symptoms of tuberculosis. If there are bloodshot sputum at the same time, there is a great possibility that you have tuberculosis. Other common symptoms include low fever, night sweats, fatigue, weight loss, menstrual disorders and so on.
3. Essay on Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment
Tuberculosis, also known as tuberculosis, is a chronic infectious disease, which occurs in young people.
It can occur all year round.1Teenagers aged 5 to 35 are the peak age of tuberculosis. So young people should pay more attention to prevention.
Tuberculosis is a respiratory infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Most patients are infected through the respiratory tract.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis can survive in dark and humid environment for months. When active pulmonary tuberculosis patients spit, mycobacterium tuberculosis can fly around with dry sputum.
You can infect healthy people at any time. Almost all tissues except hair can be infected with tuberculosis, intestinal tuberculosis, bone tuberculosis and lymph node tuberculosis.
Because tuberculosis is mainly transmitted through respiratory tract, the infection rate of tuberculosis is higher than other organs, accounting for the first place in human tuberculosis. After suffering from tuberculosis, patients may have symptoms such as low fever, night sweats, fatigue, dry cough or bloodshot sputum, flushing and emaciation.
If the treatment is not timely and thorough, it will turn the disease into chronic and even lead to the death of the patient. For the prevention of tuberculosis among teenagers, I think we should do the following four things well: the first aspect is to strengthen preventive education.
Because teenagers are highly susceptible people, it is necessary to focus on health education for such people, and organize medical workers to often go deep into schools, communities, enterprises and institutions to carry out various preventive knowledge training, so that teenagers can understand the harm and infection mode of tuberculosis and develop good health habits of not spitting. The second aspect is to pay attention to prevention and inspection.
Parents should give regular physical examinations to teenagers, so as to achieve early detection, early isolation and early treatment. In addition, those babies should be vaccinated with BCG vaccine on time to make their bodies immune and reduce the occurrence of tuberculosis.
The third aspect is to pay attention to strengthening treatment. We should adhere to the principle of saving lives and not complaining, and go to the hospital for examination in time if we find symptoms such as low fever, night sweats, dry cough, blood in sputum, fatigue and reduced diet.
If tuberculosis is diagnosed, it should be treated immediately, and at the same time pay attention to increasing nutrition and strengthening physical fitness. As long as it is found in time and treated thoroughly, tuberculosis can be completely cured.
The fourth aspect is to keep good habits. Strengthen physical exercise, you can take a few deep breaths every day or practice blowing balloons to exercise your vital capacity, and you can also take a walk, do exercises, play basketball and other sports activities.
During the flu season, go to public places as little as possible, increase or decrease clothes according to climate change, and actively prevent colds to avoid getting sick due to low resistance. Develop good living habits, work and rest regularly, quit smoking and limit alcohol.
The most important thing is to keep a good attitude, and an optimistic mood is conducive to the prevention of diseases.
4. What are the basic knowledge of preventing tuberculosis?
The focus of tuberculosis is early detection and prevention, including immunization prevention, drug prevention and disinfection prevention.
Immunization prevention: Immunization prevention is mainly aimed at newborn babies. Because tuberculosis immunity will not be transmitted from placenta to fetus, newborn babies have no resistance to tuberculosis. The prevention method is to inoculate BCG after birth. In China, the first vaccination on the day of birth is to prevent tuberculosis, especially for tuberculous meningitis and miliary tuberculosis, which can reduce the incidence and mortality of severe tuberculosis. However, with the increase of age, the immune effect will gradually disappear until it disappears, so it does not mean that tuberculosis cannot be prevented after BCG vaccination.
Drug prevention: people who have been infected with tuberculosis but have not yet developed it should receive anti-tuberculosis drugs. The target of anti-tuberculosis drug prevention is: 1, children who are in close contact with infectious tuberculosis patients and have positive tuberculin test; 2, X-ray chest film has inactive lesions, and people who have not received anti-tuberculosis treatment before; 3, HIV-infected people, etc. Specific preventive medication should be in accordance with the doctor's advice. The data show that the effective effect of standardized prevention and treatment of patients with positive tuberculin test can last for 20 years, and at the same time, the occurrence of tuberculosis can be avoided to the greatest extent
Household isolation and disinfection: every source of infection is harmful to the family, and the focus of household disinfection and isolation is the management of patients' cough and expectoration. 1. Treatment of sputum: It is best for patients to spit in toilet paper, or spit in disposable goods such as paper cups or plastic bags, and burn them centrally. This is the simplest, most economical and most effective way to prevent the spread of tuberculosis. 2. Soak with disinfectant, spit with 84 disinfectant of 1:500, and kill bacteria for 1-2 hours. 3. When tuberculosis patients cough and sneeze, cover their nose and mouth with toilet paper or handkerchief and turn their heads away. After use, put the toilet paper in a plastic bag, collect it and burn it evenly. Don't put it anywhere. Don't face others when coughing or sneezing, don't talk loudly, and keep a distance of at least 1 m when talking with others. 4. The simplest way to disinfect the room where pulmonary tuberculosis patients live during ventilation is 2-3 times a day, and each time is not less than 30 minutes. The bedding of tuberculosis patients should be washed and dried frequently, and the dishes, chopsticks and toiletries should be specially washed; Old clothes, old sheets and quilts, etc. It is best to blanch with boiling water, then wash it and put it alone; Towels, masks, bowls and chopsticks can be boiled in boiling water for 10 minutes to kill tuberculosis germs. This is the easiest thing to do at home. 6. It is better for tuberculosis patients to live in a separate room. It is difficult for residents to live in separate rooms, at least in single beds or separate rooms, especially those with children at home. 7. After taking care of tuberculosis patients, family members should pay attention to fully washing their faces, hands, cleaning their nasal cavity and gargling.
5. Investigation on knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and treatment among primary school students
It is mainly spread by droplets.
Tuberculosis is a chronic respiratory infection caused by lung infection. Tuberculosis is transmitted from tuberculosis patients to healthy people by talking loudly and coughing up droplets.
If you have tuberculosis, when you are treated. It is best to live in separate rooms with your family, eat separately, and separate bowls and chopsticks. Boil the dishes and chopsticks in water for 5 minutes every 10 day and disinfect them once. Try to avoid contact and stay away from children. So as not to transmit tuberculosis to children. Don't spit everywhere. Mycobacterium tuberculosis has a strong vitality and is stubborn. It can survive 1~2 hours under strong direct sunlight. It can survive in dark and humid places for several months. Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum can only survive for 5 minutes in boiling water. All tuberculosis patients should cover their mouths with clean handkerchiefs when coughing, and keep a distance of at least 1 m from healthy people when speaking and coughing, so as to avoid infecting others.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis mainly uses air as the infection medium, which is called droplet infection. When patients with infectious tuberculosis cough or sneeze, sputum containing Mycobacterium tuberculosis becomes droplets and spreads into the air. After normal people inhale, mycobacterium tuberculosis will have the opportunity to multiply in the lungs and infect the lungs. People who are in close contact with patients with infectious tuberculosis are the most vulnerable to infection.
Can you get tuberculosis by accidentally inhaling mycobacterium tuberculosis?
Regardless of age, race, age, sex, age, it is possible to get tuberculosis. Especially people with poor physical resistance (such as the elderly, diabetics, AIDS patients, malnourished people, etc.). ) are more susceptible to tuberculosis. Most people infected with tuberculosis will recover naturally because their bodies have enough resistance, but a few people infected with tuberculosis will not get sick for life.
The latent mycobacterium tuberculosis in the body will begin to multiply.
Can tuberculosis infect others?
Tuberculosis is divided into open and non-open types. The sputum of open patients contains mycobacterium tuberculosis, which can be transmitted to others through droplets when coughing or sneezing, accounting for a small number. There is no mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum of non-open patients, accounting for the majority.
Although there is an interactive relationship between most tuberculosis patients, open patients and non-open patients, that is, open patients can become non-open patients after receiving effective treatment; On the other hand, patients who are not open will become open patients without treatment or improper treatment.
What symptoms can tuberculosis patients have?
Early tuberculosis has almost no symptoms and is not uncomfortable, so it is easy to be ignored. When there are real symptoms, such as loss of appetite, weight loss, cough, spitting, night sweats and even hemoptysis, most of them are moderate to severe tuberculosis.
How do you know if you have tuberculosis?
Because most of them have no symptoms in the early stage, we can only rely on the following two inspection methods to know whether there is tuberculosis:
1. Chest X-ray examination: contact provincial chronic disease prevention institutions and X-ray patrol cars.
2. Sputum examination: If there is Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the sputum, it means that it is an infectious and open tuberculosis patient, and contact local and provincial chronic disease prevention and control institutions.
Patients who have frequent contact with tuberculosis should be examined regularly to achieve early detection and treatment. Adults should also have a chest X-ray once a year.
6. What are the tips for preventing tuberculosis?
First of all, everyone should be familiar with tuberculosis and have heard of it.
This is a chronic infectious disease, mainly caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is necessary to treat this disease in time.
It can be cured, so it needs attention. There are many symptoms of tuberculosis, and the average patient will have low fever and fatigue.
Chest tightness sets symptoms such as hemoptysis. Long-term cure is very harmful and should be paid attention to.
For the treatment of tuberculosis, drug therapy and surgical treatment can generally be used, and the choice should be made according to one's own situation. For tuberculosis, it is very important to do a good job of prevention, which requires us to pay attention to many aspects in our daily life and not be careless. First of all, we should pay attention to controlling the source of infection.
It is very important to pay attention to window ventilation at home at ordinary times. In addition, attention should be paid to indoor disinfection. For people who are easy to catch a cold and weak in constitution, we should strengthen exercise and enhance their physique and immunity. In addition, they can choose to be vaccinated with BCG, which can play a very good role in preventing tuberculosis.