Liu Fengcheng, an attending physician in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of the General Hospital of the Third Armed Forces, pointed out that the damage and wear of the knee cartilage are great when going down the stairs. It is recommended to land on the whole foot to cushion the pressure!
Arthritis, joint degeneration, more women than men? Dr. Liu Fengcheng pointed out that women do account for the majority of patients with degenerative arthritis. In addition to physiological conditions and structural reasons, women often engage in heavy physical labor such as holding children or squatting down to do housework, which is easy to increase the load on joints! In addition, young women often walk in hard high heels, which not only leads to excessive bending of feet, but also causes uneven stress on joints, leading to joint diseases of knees, ankles or feet. More than two-thirds of women who need to replace artificial joints in outpatient clinics can see that female friends need to make more efforts to maintain them in order to pass many "checkpoints"!
Types of arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis Rheumatoid arthritis is due to the problem of the "defensive warrior" (immune system) that resists germs in the body, which produces many unnecessary antibodies, not only killing germs, but also destroying the normal structure of the body. The most common site of invasion is the small joints of limbs, followed by muscles, lungs, skin, blood vessels, nerves, eyes and so on. It is a long-term chronic and symmetrical multi-joint disease.
Degenerative arthritis Degenerative arthritis is a common joint disease, which worsens with age and is accompanied by inflammation. In addition to aging, other factors such as obesity, trauma, genes and endocrine factors are all pathogenic factors leading to articular cartilage injury, mainly knee joint invasion. Articular cartilage is produced by excessive wear, which leads to uneven surface, narrowing joint cavity and bone spur.
Gouty arthritis is a disease caused by the deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) due to abnormal purine metabolism and/or decreased uric acid excretion.
Acute or chronic single joint disease of infectious arthritis, mainly involving peripheral joints.
People susceptible to arthritis
rheumatoid arthritis
The peak age of onset is 45-65 years old, and the incidence rate of male and female is about 1:3.
degenerative arthritis
It is common in elderly patients and related to articular cartilage degeneration.
gouty arthritis
It is common in men and is related to hyperuricemia.
Infectious arthritis
The elderly, patients with liver cirrhosis, renal dialysis patients, diabetic patients, organ transplant patients or long-term steroid users.
How to prevent arthritis and joint degeneration?
The first trick: food Dr. Liu Fengcheng said that the prevention of arthritis should pay attention to healthy diet, physical rehabilitation and lifestyle adjustment. Prevention is more important than cure, and joint maintenance is based on a balanced diet, with more vegetables and less meat. Taking gouty arthritis as an example, we should reduce the use of high-purity food and reduce gout attacks. Goplin food includes animal offal, seafood, fish skin, beer and so on. Although mushrooms, bamboo shoots and beans are also Goplin foods, if you don't eat high-quality protein foods such as beans, it will cause insufficient nutrition and make joints difficult to repair.
The book "Food has its medicine" points out that "purine" is a nitrogen-containing substance in human genetic material, which can be synthesized by the human body itself or obtained from foods rich in "high purine". Purine is metabolized by the liver to form uric acid, which is excreted by the kidney. When the uric acid value in men's blood is more than 7mg/ 100ml and that in women's blood is more than 6 mg, it is called hyperuricemia, which will easily lead to the gradual deposition of uric acid crystals in blood on joints, and finally lead to gouty arthritis, spinach and water spinach. Cooking should also follow the principle of healthy diet with less oil, less salt and less sugar, because oil, salt and sugar will reduce the efficiency of glucosamine production and slow down the digestion of nutrients. The brief introduction of foods with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects is as follows:
Anti-inflammatory foods: deep-sea fish and fish oil: They are rich in Omega-3 fatty acids, which can prevent the production of prostaglandin. The best sources are deep-sea fish such as salmon, tuna, mackerel, herring and halibut. Considering marine pollution, such as respect for life, ecological environment protection and heavy metal poisoning, they need to be used. Grape, orange, cherry, plum, pineapple, papaya, basil, sweet pepper and other foods rich in flavonoids can also inhibit inflammatory reaction. Journal of Medicine (Arthritis Research &; Therapy 20 1 1, 13: 102) points out that natural health compounds such as catecholamine, curcumin and resveratrol have been proved to reduce prostaglandin synthesis and articular cartilage inflammation.
Antioxidant foods foods containing antioxidants can fight free radicals and relieve joint discomfort, mainly including: vitamin A (carotenoids: papaya, pumpkin, mango, spinach); Vitamin C (kiwi fruit, grapefruit, orange, kale, green pepper); Vitamin E (cashew nuts, peanuts, sunflower seeds, almonds); Selenium (garlic, onion, whole grains).
Collagen and proteoglycan are the most important components in food cartilage matrix, which are helpful to the repair of articular cartilage. In the choice of tonic, auricularia auricula is much better than pigskin and chicken feet, because the essential amino acids from animals are not complete enough, and it is easy to absorb excess oil. Dr. Liu Fengcheng pointed out that patients with early degenerative arthritis can be properly supplemented with glucosamine health food, but glucosamine is only effective for "early degenerative arthritis", and only one third of them can achieve the expected remission. In addition, sulfide supplementation can help support cartilage matrix, which is equivalent to elastin, strengthen the strength of ligament cells and increase the secretion of lubricating mucus. Cruciferae plants such as cabbage, cauliflower, kale and radish are rich in organic sulfide, and garlic and onion are also good choices!
The second measure: controlling overweight will accelerate cartilage wear and cause inflammatory reaction, and the greater the joint burden. The latest research in Journal of American Orthopedic Medical Association points out that obese people can prevent and improve degenerative arthritis if they can lose weight. Research evidence shows that obesity does have biomechanical effects on joints and causes inflammatory reactions. Obesity is obviously related to degenerative arthritis. If obesity can be reduced, the number of patients with degenerative arthritis is likely to be greatly reduced.
The third measure: proper exercise. Dr. Liu Fengcheng pointed out that exercise can make cells in the body's internal environment promote oxygen and nutrition by promoting blood circulation, and then increase the vitality of cells. Moderate muscle exercise can increase joint flexibility, and muscle strength training can choose sports with little impact, such as swimming and walking in water. If you can't give up your enthusiasm for climbing, you can wear padded shoes with better shock absorption system, and you can also carry knee pads, hiking poles or sliding umbrellas as the "third foot" to disperse the pressure on your joints.
In addition, if arthritis patients can receive rehabilitation treatment as soon as possible, they can improve the therapeutic effect of drugs or surgery, reduce limb pain, avoid joint contracture, improve the quality of life, and then maintain the independence of life and career. Rehabilitation clinics provide exercise, physical therapy equipment, hydrotherapy, spa therapy, corrective appliances, auxiliary equipment and arthritis health education.
Dr. Liu Fengcheng shared with us the latest fashionable full-body exercises, such as pushing the heart and abdomen, holding the sky with both hands and throwing the ground, recently launched by the authoritative orthopedic surgeon Dr. Cai Kaizhou. He can play as a game or by himself, which is very suitable for family members to interact! Among them, the throwing exercise is to use 6 meters, put it in socks repeatedly, and make a strong homemade rice ball as a rehabilitation device. Throwing exercises can be used to train hand-brain-eye reaction speed and coordination ability to prevent falling. The sooner you leave your hands, the better, the more the better! Let the brain concentrate on using both hands and brain. The training of throwing rice balls is a balanced, coordinated, agile, economical, safe and effective rehabilitation exercise.
The fourth measure: keep warm. Dr. Liu Fengcheng pointed out that it is meaningful to pay attention to the warmth of each joint in winter to promote blood circulation and protect joint function! And be careful not to stay in too humid environment for a long time, avoid exposing joints to cold environment, and reduce the influence of environmental factors on joints.
The fifth measure: Q: Can drinking prevent arthritis? Dr. Liu Fengcheng pointed out that arthritis is an inflammatory reaction of the body. Because prostaglandin is the chief culprit of tissue inflammation, inhibiting prostaglandin is the main way to relieve the symptoms of joint inflammation. Dr. Liu Fengcheng's graduation thesis is to study the mechanism of cartilage injury caused by the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (age) in articular cavity of osteoarthritis, and to explore the therapeutic effect of resveratrol on cartilage injury. The main sources of resveratrol are the extracts of grape skin and red wine. In vivo animal experiments show that it has obvious curative effect on degenerative arthritis, and it is taken orally to mice with rheumatoid arthritis. In 2007, medical journals also mentioned the curative effect of resveratrol, which requires drinking 3 liters of red wine every day to reach 15 mg. Dr. Liu Fengcheng said that this high dose of red wine is not practical in clinical application, but people can consider drinking red wine and taking raisins, which should be a good choice for the treatment of arthritis.
Liu Fengcheng's current position: attending physician in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, General Hospital of the Three Armies, and assistant professor in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, National Defense Medical College. Education: Doctoral graduation experience: outpatient aviation medical officer of Air Force Military Academy, attending physician of internal medicine of Penghu Branch of the General Hospital of the Three Armies, attending physician of general internal medicine of the General Hospital of the Three Armies, attending physician of rheumatology and immunology department of the General Hospital of the Three Armies.
* For more details, please refer to BabyLife Parenting Life 2065438+June 2003. :./