In order to implement the instructions of General Secretary Hu Jintao and the requirements of the provincial party committee, this newspaper published this group of reports today, hoping to provide useful reference for the rise of Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone.
At present, Shandong has a unique opportunity.
The marine land larger than the land area, the gold coast stretching for 3100km, the beautiful seashore scenery and abundant marine resources are the precious wealth endowed by nature to Shandong. Shandong Peninsula is born of the sea, exists because of the sea, and thrives because of the sea. Whether the marine economy can walk in the forefront of the country determines whether Shandong Province can take the lead in the new round of regional economic competition to a certain extent.
This understanding is being put into action in coastal cities of Shandong Province. On May 26th, in an interview in Yantai, Sun Yongchun, secretary of the Municipal Party Committee, told the reporter excitedly that Shandong Province put forward the development strategy of building a "maritime Shandong" in 199 1, which has made great achievements in recent years. General Secretary Hu Jintao clearly put forward the requirement of building Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone, which is not only an affirmation of Shandong's achievements in marine economic development, but also means that the country hopes that Shandong Peninsula will have a higher position in the overall pattern of national economic regional development. Undoubtedly, this is a good opportunity to incorporate the development of Shandong Peninsula into the national strategy. For Yantai, the opportunity comes once in a blue moon
Once upon a time, when it comes to the "blue economy", people think of the benefits of fishing salt and the convenience of boating. Now, we face the sea again, and the modern "blue economy" has grown into a three-dimensional industrial cluster, involving traditional industries, emerging industries and future high-tech industries. It is a cross-regional, cross-sectoral and cross-industry emerging economic group, which needs the efforts of many industries, disciplines and fields. Ocean is not only a new choice to solve the problem of human resources, but also provides a steady stream of power for the development of "blue industry". Relying on the vast ocean, the "blue economy" shows a broad development prospect.
At present, a new wave of blue economy is emerging. Looking north at Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei-Liaoning, Tianjin Binhai New Area, Hebei Caofeidian Industrial Zone and Liaoning, the construction of "Five Points and One Line" is in full swing and has entered and is entering the national strategy. Looking south at Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi, the economic zone on the west side of Fujian Strait, the strategy of strengthening the city by sea in Shenzhen and the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone in Guangxi, the arrow has left the string and is ready to go. From north to south, coastal provinces are striving to seize the commanding heights of marine economic development and seek a major strategic position in the overall situation of national development, so as to obtain strong support from national policies and win space and vitality for great development.
Ocean is the biggest advantage of Shandong Province, which is manifested in three aspects: location, resources and science and technology. Shandong Peninsula, facing the Korean Peninsula and the Japanese archipelago across the sea, is in the key zone of Bohai Rim region and Northeast Asia economic circle, and is the most convenient sea passage along the Yellow River basin. The province's coastline, sea area, marine resources and other conditions rank in the forefront of coastal provinces and cities; Relying on the central marine science and education unit in Shandong Province, Shandong Province has the most powerful marine science and technology lineup in China. Shandong Peninsula is one of the bridgehead of Eurasia Continental Bridge and an important wing of Bohai Economic Circle. The peninsula economy is highly complementary to the economy of Japan, South Korea and Russia in the Far East, and the conditions for international economic cooperation are superior.
Shandong is uniquely endowed to build a blue economic zone and develop a marine economy.
Land-sea integration and coordinated regional development
A Pudong has recreated a new Shanghai, and a Binhai New Area has made Tianjin soar. Caofeidian, a deserted sand island that was unknown in the past, has developed into a dynamic new industrial zone in just a few years because it has become a national scientific development experimental zone and a national circular economy demonstration zone. Build Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone and make Shandong a strong marine province. If it can rise to the height of national strategy, it will surely become an important economic growth pole of China's regional economic layout.
To become such a growth pole, how should Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone be positioned?
According to Hou Yingmin, director of the Provincial Department of Oceans and Fisheries, the blue economy of Shandong Peninsula should be a new coastal economic zone characterized by marine economy, based on the overall planning of land and sea, based on the construction of marine ecological civilization, led by marine advantageous industries, and coordinated development of related industries. It is divided into three levels: main area, core area and related area. The main areas are the land areas of seven coastal cities and their adjacent waters; The core area is the land area of 36 coastal counties and cities and the adjacent sea areas within the territorial sea; The associated area is the land area of the whole province and all the sea areas under its jurisdiction. Based on the analysis of the marine economic location, resources, technology and infrastructure of Shandong Peninsula, the Provincial Department of Ocean and Fisheries has made such a strategic positioning for the blue economic zone of Shandong Peninsula in the national development pattern: the economic engine of the Yellow River basin going to sea, the southern uplift of the Bohai Economic Circle, the hub connecting the old industrial base in Northeast China and the Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone, and the pioneer area of free trade among China, Japan and South Korea.
Obviously, although the Peninsula Blue Economic Zone is based on the Peninsula and Shandong, it is neither a pure concept of physical geography nor a complete concept of administrative division, but it seeks its own position in the whole country and even in the world: it is characterized by the ocean, but it is not limited to the ocean, and its goal is to promote land-sea integration and regional coordinated development. Examining and planning the future of the peninsula with such a vision and such a concept can be said to hit the key point of the future development of Shandong Peninsula and make it have a clearer and more predictable strategic positioning.
This orientation, from the perspective of opening to the outside world, is to build the "Peninsula Blue Economic Zone" into the forefront of Shandong and even the entire Yellow River Basin, make it a receiving place for foreign investment, attract international industrial transfer, become a new powerful engine for regional economic development in the whole province and even the whole country, and promote the benign interaction between the coastal areas and the mainland. Geographically, it is helpful to better transform the irreplaceable location advantage of Shandong Peninsula into regional competitive advantage and industrial integration advantage; It has become a new economic growth pole for the rise of the southern Bohai Sea. While enhancing the concentration and radiation to the surrounding hinterland, it has formed a new pattern of regional development around Bohai Sea with complementary advantages and benign interaction with Liaoning coastal economic belt and Tianjin Binhai New Area, laying the foundation for the docking and integration of the eastern coastal economic open zone and win-win cooperation.
Development and protection will win the ecological environment.
Besides the sea, what does blue mean?
Visiting coastal cities, no matter local government leaders, department officials, business leaders, experts and scholars, everyone has formed a * * * knowledge: building a blue economic zone on the peninsula is not just about asking for space, resources and benefits from the sea. Blue is not only related to the ocean, but also means ecology and environment, which requires environmental protection, health and sustainable development.
Professor Liu Hongbin from the Institute of Ocean Development of China Ocean University pointed out that reaching out to the sea is not "blue". When using the ocean, development must pay equal attention to protection. Unprotected development is like another great leap forward, with a lot of stalls and projects, and endless troubles.
Su Like, member of the Standing Committee of Weifang Municipal Committee, secretary of the Party Working Committee and director of the Management Committee of Binhai Economic Development Zone, pointed out that blue means scientific and technological content, environmental protection, sustainable development, land and sea connection, and it is the coordinated development of man and nature, long-term and reality, industry and society.
Professor Han Limin, vice president of the Institute of Ocean Development of China Ocean University, said that to build a blue economic zone, we must firmly grasp the following four characteristics: land-sea integration, land-sea coordination, marine science and technology leading and radiating outward, ecological civilization, environmental friendliness, open interaction (land-sea trend) and urban-rural integration.
The construction of Peninsula Blue Economic Zone is not only to attract investment and undertake industrial transfer, but also to improve Shandong's own economic growth model, but to explore a new way-a new model of regional development with economic growth, overall planning and coordination, and environmental friendliness; It is not only to repeat the construction of development zones and open more demonstration windows, but also to formulate scientific marine industry development plans, integrate resources, find breakthroughs, form a reasonable industrial layout and realize the sustainable development of marine industry under the guidance of the strategic goal of building a strong marine province and according to the comparative advantages and development potential of various industries in various places; Coastal cities are not alone. In the functional orientation of economic zones, each region should not only embody its own characteristics, but also form complementary and dislocation development with other economic zones. In the relationship between coastal and hinterland, coastal cities and inland cities should also complement each other and rely on each other to achieve common development.
The reporter learned from an interview in Qingdao that the city is currently organizing the relocation of old enterprises, and plans to upgrade or relocate more than 0/00 old enterprises in the urban area in five years. This is an important part of the city's "protection and development around the bay" strategy. According to this strategy, the traditional industrial coastline will be transformed into modern economic coastline, living coastline and ecological coastline, and traditional industries will also give way to high-tech industries and modern service industries. This means that Qingdao is pushing the protection of Jiaozhou Bay to a new platform with the development power, and at the same time, its own industrial development and upgrading have also gained unprecedented opportunities. Under the background of building a blue economic zone in Shandong Peninsula, Qingdao, which is positioned as the leader of the Peninsula, will actively seize the development highland of high-tech industries and modern service industries, which will certainly have a strong impetus to realize the industrial dislocation, complementary advantages and economic integration of the Peninsula. Looking at Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone II: Seeking New Advantages in Industrial Development
From a drop of water to an industry
What does seawater do?
Yesterday: seawater bathing, mariculture ...
Today: seawater flushing, seawater air conditioning, seaweed ...
A drop of seawater has undergone qualitative changes from ancient times to modern times, from appearance to connotation. The new seawater industry is forming an industrial chain-on the seawater desalination production line of Qingdao Huangdao Power Plant, the guests are enjoying the "Haiquanshui" brand drinking water with great interest; In the seawater landscape community of Jiaonan City-Longhai Haiyun Community, seawater washing and seawater landscape layout have been realized. Seawater source air conditioning and seawater source heat pump are widely used in Qingdao Power Plant and Olympic Sailing Center. Technological breakthroughs have been made in the production of marine plants, marine vegetables, marine crops and even tidal flat grains.
From a drop of water to an industry is not only a difference in concept, but also marks the evolution direction and quality of Shandong's marine economy and marine industry.
Liu Hongbin, a professor at China Ocean University, believes that how to make the marine economy move from "the benefit of fishing and salt" to a high-quality, high-end and efficient industry, and how to upgrade traditional industries and create emerging industries is a major issue.
Traditional industries, if injected with high-tech content, will become high-end industries
In the past, fish skins and bones left over from fish processing were sold as feed. But on the production line of Yantai Oriental Ocean Company, what the reporter saw was that fish skin and bones went in here and expensive collagen came out there. The current price of collagen is one kilogram in 500 yuan, which is more than 100 times that of raw materials. At present, the output and export of aquatic products in Shandong province rank first in China, but the development and production of aquatic products with high added value and fine processing degree, such as deep-sea fish oil, collagen and various instant aquatic foods, are still lacking.
The marine industries that occupy an important position in Shandong's marine economy include marine transportation, marine oil and gas, coastal tourism, marine fishery and marine chemical industry, all of which are in the forefront of the country. These traditional industries are our advantages, but bad advantages will become disadvantages. Liu Hongbin said, for example, Shandong's marine fishery is the best in China, and the five Ranbo of mariculture in China all originated from the coast of Shandong, but the five waves brought five lessons. Because every time I rush headlong into a herd, I rush headlong into chaos, which results in heavy losses and profound lessons. Every time the problem broke out, the adjustment of industrial structure was considered. Therefore, the upgrading of traditional industries is an urgent problem. In the new round of marine economic development, we must not forget the pain.
As we all know, Shandong Province is rich in marine talents, accounting for more than half of the "national team", but 80% of the talents are concentrated in the fields of marine basic science and biology, and there is a serious shortage of marine engineering and technical talents, and industrial development lacks talent and technical support. One of the purposes of building Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone is to build brand-name products with high technology content and high added value and dynamic emerging industrial clusters. How to transform scientific research advantages into technological advantages, industrial advantages and market advantages is a threshold that must be crossed.
From blooming everywhere to key breakthroughs
During the interview, the reporter found that shipyards spread all over the coast of Shandong from south to north, but the two core technologies of shipbuilding-marine engines and navigation equipment all rely on imports. Experts pointed out that marine scientific research equipment, industrial equipment and engineering equipment are the "bottleneck" technologies that restrict the development of marine economy in China. At present, more than 90% of large-scale scientific research equipment depends on imports, and the automation degree of marine industrial equipment is very low.
Hou Yingmin, director of the Provincial Department of Oceans and Fisheries, said that to build the Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone, it is necessary to scientifically develop marine resources and cultivate marine advantageous industries. To do this, the key is to find a breakthrough industry and industrial breakthrough. The breakthrough may be a little or more. But in any case, the choice of breakthrough must be based on the current world economic development trend and our resources, advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, industrial development must fall on projects and products, and there must be product catalogues and policy support.
Some marine experts in Shandong Province believe that the marine equipment manufacturing industry, especially deepwater drilling equipment, has the greatest development potential in Shandong at present and in the future. From the global market point of view, offshore oil drilling platforms, drilling ships, offshore engineering machinery, large-scale port machinery and equipment, containers, offshore engineering modules and so on have great production potential. At present, the global deepwater drilling equipment is in short supply, and domestic oil companies have no domestic deepwater drilling equipment, which seriously restricts the pace of the three major oil companies in China to enter the deep sea. Among the 3,000 shipyards in China, there are currently three that have the ability to design and manufacture deep-sea drilling platforms, namely Raffles Yantai, Dalian Heavy Industry and Shanghai Waigaoqiao, among which Raffles is the strongest. Shandong Province should give full play to this advantage and take effective measures to seize the commanding heights of marine equipment manufacturing.
In order to break through shipbuilding and marine machinery manufacturing, Yantai introduced the world shipbuilding giants Raffles and Daewoo. Raffles alone holds more than 20 billion yuan in foreign orders, almost equivalent to the total output value of the shipbuilding industry in this province in 2007. They seized the opportunity of the accelerated transfer of shipbuilding industry and the promulgation of the "Planning for the Adjustment and Revitalization of Shipbuilding Industry" by the state, accelerated the construction of development zones and two industrial clusters of Penglai shipbuilding and offshore machinery manufacturing, and built special ships and high-tech new ships such as offshore engineering ships, ocean-going fishing boats and luxury yachts. A number of brand products with independent intellectual property rights have been cultivated.
Relying on Rizhao Port, Rizhao City implemented the strategy of driving large projects. At present, there are seven major projects in the Economic Development Zone alone, including Huaneng Rizhao Power Plant Phase II, Weiya Engine Factory Phase II, Asia-Pacific Senbo Pulp and Paper Phase II, China Grain Storage Oil Phase II and Lingyunhai Sugar Industry Phase II, with a total investment of 23 billion yuan. Wang, secretary of the Party Working Committee of the Development Zone, said that large-scale projects have high industrial relevance and strong driving ability, which have continuously improved the industrial level of the Development Zone, significantly enhanced their competitiveness, and realized the transformation from policy-oriented investment promotion to industrial chain investment promotion.
Turn single-handedness into optimizing layout
It has become the pursuit of coastal areas to build marine industrial clusters, develop high-end industries and build leading projects.
Zheng Guibin, a marine expert and vice president of Shandong Academy of Social Sciences, believes that the goal pursued by the marine economy is not simple benefits, but comprehensive performance. The basic principle of industrial development is industrial agglomeration, highlighting characteristics, that is, according to the concept of industrial clusters, combining their respective advantages, doing a good job in industrial layout, reasonably determining functional positioning and leading industries, strengthening technological innovation of enterprises and projects, and forming a blue industrial cluster with high technical level and distinctive characteristics. No matter at home or abroad, the economic zones with marine characteristics are the same.
From the north, Tianjin Binhai New Area, Caofeidian, Hebei and Liaoning all adhere to the principle of key breakthroughs. Select the key coastal development areas as the key points and breakthroughs, delimit industrial functional areas, concentrate on breaking through the "points" and promote the all-round development of the whole region. At present, Tianjin Binhai New Area focuses on the development and construction of eight industrial functional zones, covering an area of 670 square kilometers. Relying on the relocation of the ore terminal and Shougang, Caofeidian, Hebei Province has vigorously built a production base of fine steel products and developed large-scale heavy equipment manufacturing industries such as large ships, port machinery, power generation equipment, oil drilling machinery, construction machinery and mining machinery.
Looking eastward, the Yellow Sea Economic Free Zone established by South Korea on the west coast has been reorganized and optimized according to the local resources, location and industrial conditions. The main industrial zones are divided into five regions, including Song Yue. The industrial development of each district has different main directions, aiming at "leading the cutting-edge science and technology industrial center of the world economy in 2 1 century and the logistics center of Northeast Asia".
Although different regions at home and abroad have different stages of development and different industrial development priorities, one thing is the same, that is, developing modern industrial clusters is the key to promoting regional economic upgrading, and at the same time, relying on their existing industrial characteristics, building a new industrial structure that conforms to regional characteristics.
At present, the overall scale of Shandong's marine industry ranks among the top in the country. Last year, the province's total marine production was 534.6 billion yuan, accounting for 18% of the country, and many indicators ranked first in the country. However, there are still many problems: the distribution of marine economic industries is scattered, the traditional industries are repeated at a low level, the supporting level is not high, the extension chain is not long, and the scale aggregation is not strong. Most local development is limited to the needs of local economic and social development, which is characterized by repeated construction of industrial structure between regions, labor-intensive and resource-consuming products, and lack of competitive product brands. The radiation effect of marine economy on land economy needs to be strengthened.
Therefore, it is urgent to optimize the industrial layout, promote industrial agglomeration, form an industrial chain and supporting system with Shandong coastal industries and regional characteristics, and consolidate the industrial support foundation of Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone.