2./kloc-at the end of 0/9th century, the representative figures and masterpieces of Italian realistic operas, Mascagni's "Country Knight" and Leon Cavallo's "The Clown". Puccini's opera has the characteristics of realistic opera, but it goes beyond realistic opera. His representative works include Madame Butterfly, Tosca, The Artist's Life, The Girl in the West, Turandot and so on.
Wagner's works: The Wandering Dutchman Lenz, The Famous Singer of Nuremberg, Donhaus, Tristan and isolde, The Ring of Nibelungen, parsifal.
4. The French composer Berlioz's Fantasia initiated the romantic title symphonic music. Liszt founded the music genre of "symphonic poem", which opened up a new artistic world for title music.
Beethoven's third, fifth, sixth and ninth symphonies are hero, destiny, pastoral and chorus, as well as Egmont Overture and opera Federio.
6. National Music School
An important representative of the Nordic countries is Greg of Norway, whose masterpieces are 10 lyric music and Pell? Golden suite. There is also sibelius of Finland, whose masterpiece is Ode to Finland.
Bedrich Smetana, a representative figure of Czech national music school, is known as "the father of new Czech music", and his representative works include the symphony suite My Motherland and the opera Bride Betrayed. There is also De Vozak, whose representative works are Symphony No.9 "From the New World" and Slavic Dance No.0 16.
Glinka, the founder of Russian national music school, is known as "the father of Russian music". Masterpieces: two operas Ivan? Su Shaning, rossland and lyudmila. Orchestral "Night in Madrid", fantasia "Ka Malinska Ya". Since then, five composers of "Powerful Group": Balakirev, Borodin, Guy, Musorgskiy and Limsky? Kosakov has formed an active force in the music industry. Borodin's symphonic painting "On the Prairie of Central Asia", Musorgskiy's piano music "Photo Exhibition", Limsky? Kosakov's Orchestral "Arabian Nights"
Representative of Hungarian National Music School: Erkel. Representative of Polish National Music School: moniuszko.
7. The important representative of German late romantic music is Richard? Strauss, the pioneer of German music in the 20th century. Opera Salome, Elektra, der rosenkavalier and so on. Such as Death and Purification, Don Juan, Chattustra and other poems. An important representative of Austria is Mara, who completed nine symphonies, a large-scale symphony vocal suite "Song of the Earth" and a large number of artistic songs in his life. An important representative of Russia is Rakhmaninov, who wrote four piano concertos, three operas, three symphonies, the symphonic poem Dead Island, 24 preludes and a large number of piano solos, chamber music and harmony music in his life.
8. Opera was produced in Florence, Italy, at the beginning of17th century. Early Italian opera works include Daphne and Eurydice. Monteverdi is an important representative composer in Venice opera. The main representative composer of Napoli Opera is Alexander? Scarlatti, who created the forms of Back to the Original Aria and Italian Opera Overture Fast-Slow-Fast (the prototype of symphony). Lu Rui, the representative figure of French opera, put forward the overture style of "slow-fast-slow". English opera developed from "masked drama". The composer is Purcell, and his masterpiece is Didong and Eni.
9,/kloc-French opera in the 0/9 th century
Grand Opera: Representative Figures and Works: Robert the Devil Meyer.
Xi Opera: Originated in the18th century, it is a comedy and satirical drama with dialogues and pop songs as its main features. 65438+In 1950s and 1960s, French comedy opera developed into fun opera (operetta). Representative figures and works: offenbach's Paradise and Hell, Beautiful Helena and Life in Paris.
Lyric opera: it is the result of continuous development on the basis of interesting opera in the middle of19th century. It is a genre between comic opera and grand opera, based on romantic literary masterpieces, and focuses on describing the lives and thoughts of ordinary people. Representative figures and works: Cournot's Faust.
10, 19 The "Three Masters" of Italian Opera in The Romantic Period in the 9th century were Rossini, Donizetti and Bei Lini.
Rossini's representative works: the comedy opera The Barber of Seville and the opera William Tell.
Bei Lini's representative works: Sleepwalker and Puritan.
Donizetti's representative works: the comic opera Glycol of Love, and the opera lucia of Latin American Moore.
1 1, Schumann's creations mainly include: four symphonies, concertos, chamber music, piano music, vocal suite and so on. What matters is his piano music (such as the piano suite of Childhood Scenes) and artistic songs (such as the suites of Songs and Poets' Love).
In 12, Brahms composed four symphonies, variations on Haydn theme, overtures for university festivals and 24 Hungarian dance music. Piano works include variations on Handel theme and fugue, variations on Paganini theme and variations on Schumann theme.
In 13, Tchaikovsky composed seven symphonies (including Manfred), among which the sixth symphony Pathetique is the most famous. 1 1 opera, the most outstanding of which is Eugene? Onegin and the queen of spades. Three dance dramas: Swan Lake, Sleeping Beauty and Nutcracker. Fantasy overture Romeo and Juliet, overture 18 12, Italian capriccio.