0-3 years old is a critical period for infant development. In fact, from birth to every month, the baby will have a key development point. According to the age of the month, the development of hearing, smell, color discrimination, looking up, turning over, crawling, grasping, large and fine movements and brain development are gradually carried out. The cultivation of personality habits, self-awareness and IQ and EQ all depend on the guidance of this sensitive period. People must grasp this. The development point of gold, using scientific methods to effectively guide the baby, can make the baby grow up healthily. And the baby's growth retardation has certain signs.
12 manifestations of infant growth retardation;
Generally speaking, if a baby under 3 years old suffers from one or more of the following abnormalities, parents should pay attention to this abnormality, which may indicate that the baby may suffer from mental retardation.
The development of infant's hand function has certain rules:
If compared with other babies, once it is found that the baby can't reach for things when he is 9 months old and can't support his weight with his legs when supporting adults, it means that the baby is abnormal and should be checked as soon as possible.
Some babies cry for a long time because they are stimulated, but sometimes they need repeated stimulation or continuous stimulation to cause crying. Some babies cry badly, and some may cry weakly. Some babies don't like to cry, very? Good boy? . If parents learn to understand the baby's crying, they will know the hidden signs of health.
What are the causes and characteristics of pathological crying?
1. Crying caused by digestive tract diseases: severe crying, crying after feeding, crying when sucking.
(1) If you have oral inflammation, the pain is caused by sucking, so you will cry every time you suck, and you will cry when you suck. Sucking is weak, but crying is strong. Pay attention to check your mouth at this time.
(2) Diarrhea and vomiting caused by gastrointestinal infection may be accompanied by colic, abdominal pain and abdominal distension. At this time, you may cry loudly and sharply, and it may happen repeatedly. If the baby is crying and uneasy, accompanied by symptoms such as pallor and sweating, acute abdomen should be considered. Should be sent to hospital for treatment immediately.
(3) Infants with milk protein allergy or lactose intolerance are prone to irritable bowel reaction after feeding. When they sleep quietly after feeding, they may suddenly cry. The crying is very violent. Parents often report that the baby is restless at night and is easy to wake up and cry.
2. Cry when urinating
(1) Infant constipation: Some infants have dry stools and poor defecation, which may cause anal tear during defecation, and the baby will cry before and after defecation. In this case, before going to the toilet, you should wash your baby's ass with a hot water basin about 20 cm away from you, and then smoke your baby's anus with warm steam. But this is just the solution to the cup failure. We should find out the cause of dry baby stool as soon as possible and make scientific adjustment.
(2) Urodynia: Sometimes, baby girls cry because of swelling and erosion of vulva and pain when urinating; Sometimes there is a long foreskin on the penis of a baby boy, but the foreskin mouth is tight, which will lead to urine accumulation and penile stomatitis. Cry. Therefore, whether it is a baby boy or a baby girl, the urethral orifice should be kept clean.
3. Nervous system diseases: severe crying
Crying caused by nervous system diseases: neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, intracranial hemorrhage, central infection and other diseases. Because of the increase of intracranial pressure, screaming and crying often occur, and the crying sound is high and monotonous, and may be accompanied by nervous system manifestations such as vomiting, convulsions and adverse reactions.
4. If the baby doesn't cry or make a sudden noise, and it is too quiet, it is also abnormal.
Because some newborns are too sick to cry, we should pay more attention to careful observation and patiently find out the reasons.
For babies, sucking ability is an essential skill. The chewing function of newborn babies has not been completed. They can only suck breast milk or formula milk by sucking, so they put cotton swabs or fingers in the baby's mouth. At this time, the baby will naturally feel sucking.
They use sucking reflex to absorb nutrients needed for survival. If the sucking ability is not good, it will not only limit the intake of nutrients, but also fail to meet the initial oral demand. It may also hinder emotional development and behavioral development and affect the ability to swallow, chew and speak in the future.
The earliest symptoms of infants with mental retardation are usually feeding difficulties, not sucking, and especially easy to spit milk. This means that the nervous system is damaged and the future intelligence will also be affected. After the baby is half a year old, especially after adding complementary food eight months later, it is difficult to chew and feed, and it is easy to swallow and cause vomiting without eating solid food. At this time, parents should be vigilant!
Some babies can't stand up or turn their heads for more than 100 days. One or both eyes continue to move inward or outward. At this time, parents can give their children some usual training. If it doesn't work, send it to the hospital for examination immediately, and ask the doctor why, find the problem as soon as possible and deal with it in time.
How to train children to look up on their stomach? The goal is to lift 90 degrees stably in three months.
1) Head-up training and exercises should be carried out when the baby is awake and on an empty stomach (1 before eating).
2) The bed surface is smooth and comfortable. Bend the baby's arms on his chest and lie on the stomach of the bed.
3) The mother turned her baby's head to the center and teased her baby with colorful and loud toys, making it difficult for her to raise her head at work. The action of raising your head starts at 45 degrees from the bed surface, and then gradually stabilizes, and you can lift it 90 degrees steadily within 3 months.
4) When the baby looks up, the mother can slowly move the toy from the baby's eyes to the left side of the head; Then slowly move to the right side of the baby's head. Let the baby turn his head to the direction of the toy and practice 3 to 4 times a day, and don't lie down for more than 2 minutes each time.
Some babies are always asleep and don't wake up easily. When the baby is sleepy, the mother should pay special attention.
Generally speaking, a newborn baby within one month needs about 16-20 hours of sleep day and night. Kenning only wakes up for about 3-4 hours every day, can it be said? The state of falling asleep after eating. When the baby is 2-3 months old, he needs to sleep 16- 18 hours every day; At 5-9 months, the baby still needs to sleep 14- 16 hours; On his first birthday, he needs to sleep 14- 15 hours.
If the baby exceeds a reasonable time for a long time, it is best to let the baby go to the hospital for examination to find and solve the problem in time.
The baby's expression has always been relatively dull. I just smiled for a hundred days, and my expression was very dull. After six months, I still couldn't show my natural smile.
It is understood that some babies with congenital mental retardation are abnormal in appearance and posture. For example, children with congenital stupidity, wide eye distance, oblique eyes, collapsed nose, tongue dragging to their mouth, drooling and so on. What's your name? International face? . Children with hydrocephalus have large head circumference, while children with small hydrocephalus have small heads. If you find anything wrong with your baby, please see a doctor in time.
7. Motor development is three months later than normal infants.
The baby's great motor development:
Stand upside down for 2 months, stand for 4 months, sit alone for 6 months, crawl for 8 months, stand alone 10 months, walk alone 12 months;
The development of baby's sports ability, such as prone, head up, sitting, standing and walking. Although we advocate taking advantage of this situation, some babies may even walk unsteadily if their children are three months or more later than normal children. This situation shows that the baby's development may be abnormal.
8. After half a year, I still observe and play with my hands.
Some babies will continue to observe and play after half a year. They only focus on one thing, are slow to move, and are not interested in external things, so they only know how to play with their hands. This is unusual. It seems that they only know their own world. Mom and dad must find this situation, please pay special attention.
9. Slow response to the outside world
Some babies are relatively slow to respond to external stimuli. When they are six months old, they can't look at objects moving slowly on their faces, turn their heads in the direction of making noises, turn over by themselves, and sit with the help of their parents and other adults. This is also one of the manifestations of infant mental retardation.
/kloc-drooling after 0/0.7-9 months.
The baby has the habit of drooling, and the mother will drool on the baby. This is because complementary food plays an important role in the growth of babies when they are 4-5 months old. Gradually began to supplement foods containing nutrients such as starch. After these foods stimulate salivary glands, saliva secretion increases significantly.
At this time, the baby's mouth is small and shallow, and the swallowing reflex function is not perfect. It doesn't regulate saliva by swallowing, so as long as there is too much saliva, it will flow out of the mouth. In addition, many babies like to suck their fingers, nipples and so on. This will also stimulate the secretion of salivary glands and increase saliva.
However, when the baby is 7-9 months old and still drooling and grinding his teeth when he is awake, parents should pay attention to this. This may be caused by encephalitis sequela's numbness and facial paralysis. Although this kind of opportunity is rare, I still have to go to the hospital for treatment.
9-month-old smart babies, some can imitate adults' speech, but some babies' language development is relatively backward, and they can't stop talking or speak clearly within 10 months. At this time, parents should learn more skills, teach their babies to speak, and exercise their babies to learn to speak more.
Language development of 0- 12 month-old infants;
Some babies are not interested in the people and environment around them, do not like to associate with others, and lack emotional attachment. In this case, parents should leave the baby alone, and talking to the baby can make the baby more cheerful. At the same time, please ask some experts to confirm whether your baby has any problems, so as to get timely treatment.
Firstly, through medical history, physical examination and laboratory examination, according to detailed data and laboratory examination results, the causes of children's short stature are comprehensively analyzed and determined, and finally the treatment principles are determined. Different reasons lead to different treatment methods:
1. Undernutrition: reasonable nutrition, comprehensive and balanced diet, good eating habits and appetite.
2. Shortage caused by systemic diseases: primary diseases should be actively treated.
3. Small families and physical retardation: through various nursed back to health, give full play to growth potential and use growth hormone appropriately.
4. Psychological factors: improve the living environment, so that children can get spiritual comfort and care in life.
5. Congenital genetic and metabolic diseases: special treatment will be given according to the situation.
6. Treat hypothyroidism, pituitary dwarfism, congenital ovarian hypoplasia, small gestational age, idiopathic short stature, etc.
I am a family education teacher, a senior obstetrician and a multi-platform parenting author. Follow me to bring you practical knowledge of motherhood and parenting. If you have any confusion or questions, please feel free to send me a private message, and I will reply in time. I hope some of my suggestions will make you as a parent suddenly enlightened and stop taking the road of parenting alone.