1. 1 According to the characteristics of children's neurological and intellectual development at different ages, different methods are adopted.
1.2 Family members' requirements and education for their children must be consistent, so as not to cause psychological barriers to children.
1.3 Look at the success or failure of children's attempts correctly. If they succeed, they should praise and encourage them and put forward new hopes and higher requirements. If you fail, help your child find out the reason for the failure, help your child overcome the difficulties and encourage him to try again.
1.4 should guide children's rebellious psychology positively, not force orders.
1.5 The cultivation of good hygiene habits should start at an early age, and it can only be cultivated after long-term cultivation and education by adults. Must be repeated, persistent, and not eager to achieve success.
2 ways to cultivate healthy habits
2. 1 example method-teachers lead by example. The power of example is infinite, especially for children who are good at imitation. Whether it is right or wrong, as long as it is intuitive and vivid, it has become the object of their imitation. Teachers, as guides in study and life, are the most likely objects to follow and imitate.
The classified query of periodical articles is in the periodical library. Therefore, "teachers' attitude and management style should help to form a safe and warm psychological environment;" Words and deeds should be a good example for children to learn. "To this end, we first start from the teacher's own living habits and ask the children to do what they should do first, and set an example for the children everywhere in daily life. In terms of personal hygiene, bad habits such as keeping long nails, not washing hands before meals, grabbing things with dirty hands and not gargling after meals have been eliminated; In keeping the external environment clean, we also notice the adverse effects of littering and spitting. We all remember to throw the garbage into the box and spit it into the basin. In the past, the phenomenon of littering has disappeared, and the equipment littered after class activities on the playground can also be sorted out in time. Through this stage of activities, teachers always influence children with their own examples, which plays a subtle role in cultivating children's good hygiene habits.
2.2 life experience method-in all aspects of daily life, random education, so that children can experience the importance of hygiene. Good hygiene habits can't be developed overnight. Only by long-term persistence and subtle influence can we achieve good results. The outline points out that the education in the social field of kindergartens (including the cultivation of routine habits) has subtle characteristics, and the cultivation of routine habits should especially penetrate into all aspects of society. Therefore, we attach great importance to the cultivation of children's hygiene habits in all aspects of daily society, and educate children to wash their hands before and after meals to prevent diseases from entering the mouth. Remind them not to be picky when eating, and keep the food on the table and floor clean; Remember to rinse your mouth after meals and don't do strenuous exercise. Pay attention to the light movement, light speech, and get up on time so as not to affect others. When playing games manually, throw the scraps of paper into the wastebasket, organize the teaching and toys by yourself after the activity, and don't drink boiled water after the exercise. In various activities, children can compare the benefits of good habits with the disadvantages of bad habits and experience the importance of developing good hygiene habits.
2.3 Behavior reinforcement method-Based on Skinner's behavior theory, use the "evaluation form" to strengthen the training of children's health habits. Skinner is a representative figure of new behaviorism. He believes that people and animals always appear a lot of behaviors automatically, and all strengthened behaviors will increase the possibility of future appearance; Any behavior that has not been strengthened is unlikely to appear in the future, so that it will gradually disappear. This strengthening principle has great inspiration for us to cultivate children's good habits.
In the behavior reinforcement method, firstly, according to the Teacher's Observation and Evaluation Form (Appendix I), the children's current lack of health habits are sorted out, and then the children are given targeted behavior reinforcement training.
For example, in the previous exploration and practice, children's behavior of "throwing garbage into the box" was not good enough, so we have now conducted intensive training on "throwing garbage into the box" for a period of time. First, choose appropriate reinforcement, and adopt children's favorite games (such as playing slides and sports games). ) as reinforcement. Then, the teacher announced the intensive training evaluation form (Appendix II), and recorded the children's daily performance by pasting the red five stars. If there is a behavior of "throwing garbage into the box", stick a red five-star on the spot. When the total number of popular five stars reaches five, the class teacher will lead the team to compete once. Of course, strengthening is also changing. In short, it is necessary to choose things or objects that children are very interested in as reinforcement, so that reinforcement can succeed.