Polycystic kidney is a common hereditary kidney disease. Patients with polycystic kidney disease usually have more and more renal cysts with age. Many patients with polycystic kidney disease are afraid to pass it on to the next generation, so they are very worried. Let's learn how polycystic kidney gives birth to normal children.
How to give birth to a normal child with polycystic kidney disease 1 Patients with polycystic kidney disease want to give birth to a healthy baby. At this time, they need to do amniocentesis and genetic testing when they are pregnant. Polycystic kidney is a hereditary disease, its genetic probability is 50%, so polycystic kidney is more hereditary, because polycystic kidney is also called adult dominant hereditary polycystic kidney, which is related to the inheritance of dominant genes, so its incidence rate is relatively high.
If you want to get pregnant and give birth to a healthy baby, you need to have a pregnancy check-up. Usually, you will ask patients to have amniocentesis and genetic testing during pregnancy. Genetic testing can roughly judge whether a child has polycystic kidney disease. If the child is not polycystic kidney, a healthy baby can be born. The above is what patients with polycystic kidney disease need to do to have children, mainly to do genetic testing of amniotic fluid for the fetus.
How old can polycystic kidney genetic children be found out?
In the fetal period, you can check whether there is polycystic kidney inheritance. If parents have polycystic kidney disease, they can do abnormal color Doppler ultrasound when they are pregnant for 5 to 6 months to observe the development of fetal kidney, so as to determine whether the child inherits polycystic kidney disease. If you want to avoid children suffering from polycystic kidney disease, you can carry out genetic screening before pregnancy to give birth to healthy offspring.
First, polycystic kidney can be detected in the fetal period.
Polycystic kidney is a hereditary disease, which can be detected in the fetal period. In the pregnancy 10 week, the genes related to polycystic kidney can be detected by amniocentesis, so as to know whether the fetus inherits polycystic kidney. 22 ~ 26 weeks pregnant, you can do fetal abnormal color Doppler ultrasound to understand the development of fetal kidney and whether polycystic kidney has changed.
If the relevant prenatal examination is not carried out, it can be detected after the child is born. It's just that the child is young, the cyst is small, there are no obvious symptoms, and it is not easy to be found. Most patients with polycystic kidney disease develop in adulthood, and the onset is more common in 30-50 years old.
Second, pay attention to prenatal examination.
Polycystic kidney has no good prevention method, and the prognosis is poor and harmful in general. If parents have polycystic kidney disease, the best way to avoid it is to pay attention to prenatal examination and genetic screening. Sick couples can screen embryos without pathogenic genes through artificial assisted reproduction and transplant them to give birth to healthy children.
How does polycystic kidney give birth to normal children? 2. Can polycystic kidney have children?
Women with polycystic kidney disease will be aggravated by pregnancy, so if they are pregnant, they should cooperate with doctors for regular prenatal examination and close observation. As long as sex is appropriate. The right amount doesn't make much difference.
Polycystic kidney, hydronephrosis (which can gradually return to normal after treatment), cortical thinning, functional decline, structural disorder and other organic kidney diseases; It can also eliminate symptoms such as low back pain, chills, acid drowsiness, numbness and weakness.
The common clinical manifestations are as follows: 1, local discomfort or dull pain in the waist and abdomen; 2. Hematuria (under microscope or naked eye); 3. Proteinuria and leukocytosis; 4. Hypertension; 5. Recurrent urinary tract infection; 6, renal function damage; 7. Kidney enlargement; 8. Extrarenal manifestations, including polycystic liver and intracranial aneurysms.
The common symptoms of polycystic kidney disease are hypertension, hematuria, renal enlargement, urinary tract infection, low back pain when cyst bleeding, low back pain and fever when infection, low back pain when hydronephrosis, calculus complicated with renal colic and hematuria. Early polycystic kidney disease is mainly symptomatic treatment to control blood pressure and infection, and surgical treatment is feasible in the medium term. Surgery can remove large cysts, reduce the damage to the kidney and prolong the use time of the kidney. Advanced patients can only rely on dialysis (such as hemodialysis) to replace the kidney.
Can polycystic kidney patients have children? Patients with kidney disease should pay attention to reasonable diet, rest, and form good living habits. If they have symptoms of kidney disease, they should choose a regular kidney disease hospital for treatment.
Second, the nursing measures about polycystic kidney disease
1, patients with polycystic kidney disease should leave a message to maintain a combination of work and rest, feel comfortable, cooperate with treatment, and establish confidence in overcoming the disease.
2. Strengthen the skin care of patients with polycystic kidney disease: Doing skin care of patients with chronic renal failure is an important relief to prevent bedsores and infections. Due to the irritating effect of uremia cream on the skin, patients often feel itchy and uncomfortable, which will seriously affect their sleep, and it is easy to get infected after scratching the skin. Therefore, the skin of patients with polycystic kidney disease needs to be scrubbed with warm water frequently, but alcohol and soap are prohibited.
3. You can take part in some sports activities properly, but you should prevent the waist and abdomen from squeezing and colliding, so as to avoid cyst rupture and bleeding. Those seriously ill patients need to stay in bed.
4. Scientific medication and active treatment: Polycystic kidney is a hereditary disease. Many patients are accompanied by polycystic liver disease, and half of them are accompanied by hypertension. Their formation will continuously oppress the kidney tissue, leading to the obstruction of blood circulation and partial ischemia and hypoxia in the kidney, which constitutes renal hypertension, leading to the damage of renal function and tissue and progressive aggravation.
5. Promote the physical and mental rest of patients with polycystic kidney disease: Patients with renal hypertension should measure their blood pressure regularly and increase their bed rest time according to the changes of blood pressure.
6. Patients with polycystic kidney disease should leave a message about oral care: after breakfast and dinner, keep oral hygiene, remove bad breath, reduce nausea and prevent mold and bacteria from multiplying.
Third, how to treat polycystic kidney disease
At present, there is no way to stop the development of this disease. Early detection, prevention of complications and timely and correct treatment of existing complications are very important.
1, general treatment: Under normal circumstances, patients with polycystic kidney disease should first maintain an optimistic attitude. If it has not affected the normal life of patients, we should pay attention not to eat salty, spicy and other irritating foods, work and rest regularly, and be stable and optimistic; If it affects the normal life of patients, we should pay attention to the above items and treat them as soon as possible, otherwise it will be too late for renal failure to develop into uremia.
2. Decompression of cyst: This operation reduced the pressure of cyst on renal parenchyma, protected most of the residual nephron from extrusion and further damage, improved renal ischemia, restored some renal function units, and delayed the development of the disease.
3. Chinese medicine treatment: At present, Chinese medicine takes conservative treatment (taking Chinese medicine) for polycystic kidney disease, and the effect is very good. Although Chinese medicine can't overcome genetic problems at present, the effect of conservative treatment is incomparable to that of western medicine, and it has basically no toxic side effects and is not easy to relapse.
4. Dialysis transplantation: When entering the end-stage renal failure, dialysis treatment should be given immediately, and hemodialysis is the first choice.
5. Treatment of hematuria: When hematuria occurs, in addition to clarifying the cause and giving treatment as soon as possible, you should also reduce activities or stay in bed. Patients who have been or are about to be dialyzed may consider transcatheter renal artery embolization if they have recurrent severe and uncontrollable hematuria.
6. Treatment of infection: Renal parenchymal infection and cyst infection are the main complications of this disease, and the principle of combined application of antibiotics is generally adopted.
4. What are the dietary taboos of polycystic kidney disease?
(1) Stop using or reduce consumption.
1. Alcoholic beverages: Patients with polycystic kidney disease should give up alcohol, especially white wine. It is important that alcohol stimulates the kidneys more. It can stimulate the activity of polycystic protein and accelerate the growth of cyst.
2. Fermented food: The fermented food mentioned here is mainly fermented food, such as tofu and rotten eggs. Avoiding this kind of food will be beneficial to the growth rate of cysts.
3, high-protein food: every kind of kidney disease, should be low-protein diet, to avoid the synthesis of nitrogen metabolites in the body, reduce kidney excretion. Such as soybean and bean curd.
4. Visceral food: cooked food made from animal viscera is not suitable for patients with polycystic kidney disease, especially animal liver. There is a saying in China that you can make up what you eat. Actually, it's not. In the process of slaughtering animals, the liver and kidneys, especially the liver, will leave a lot of toxins. The function of the liver is to detoxify, and many toxins metabolized by animals remain in the internal organs. If patients take these substances, it will inevitably increase the burden on the kidneys and aggravate the condition.
Coffee and chocolate are forbidden to eat.
(b) Eat more food regularly.
1, fruits and vegetables with high vitamin content.
2. Fruits and vegetables rich in iron, such as carrots.
3. Vegetables and foods that can contain petrochemical stones, such as auricularia auricula.
4. Foods with diuretic effects.
5, alkaline foods are also ingested, which can play a therapeutic auxiliary role.
How polycystic kidney gives birth to normal children 3. Inheritance rate and regularity of polycystic kidney disease.
It is certain that polycystic kidney will be inherited. Polycystic kidney is a hereditary disease, and the cause of polycystic kidney is gene deletion. Adult polycystic kidney often has the gene deletion of chromosome 16, and occasionally there is the gene deletion of chromosome 4, which is a dominant inheritance with an penetrance of 100%. Therefore, a single parent's chromosome deletion will make his children have a 50% chance to inherit the disease.
Many patients with polycystic kidney disease are afraid to have children for fear of passing them on to the next generation. The patient's infantile polycystic kidney is autosomal recessive, and both parents have genetic changes that make the child sick, and the incidence rate will increase to 75%.
Polycystic kidney is also divided into two types, autosomal recessive inheritance and autosomal dominant inheritance. Autosomal recessive inheritance is a recessive genetic disease. Only 65,438+0/20,000 newborns survived, and 50% children died of respiratory failure or renal failure within hours to days after birth. Autosomal dominant inheritance is a genetic disease that accumulates multiple systems in the whole body. Often does not occur in early childhood, more common in young people. It can also happen at any age, even for life.
Polycystic kidney follows the autosomal dominant inheritance law;
1, the incidence of male and female is equal;
2. If one parent is sick, 50% of children will get the cyst gene and get sick. If both parents suffer from this disease, the incidence of children will increase to 75%.
3. Children who are not sick do not carry cyst genes, and their next generation (grandchildren) will not get sick, that is, there will be no atavism. Before they really get sick, they are asymptomatic, and when symptoms appear, their condition can develop rapidly. It is one of the common causes of uremia in middle-aged people and one of the most common diseases of hereditary nephropathy.
Therefore, with kidney disease, we must actively treat it. Don't worry too much about your illness, and don't be passive and slack because of your illness. With the development of medical career, kidney diseases have been gradually overcome. Maintaining a good attitude and paying attention to good living habits can be of great help to the treatment of diseases.