Lead: It is a common phenomenon that teaching methods complement each other in mental health education and ideological and political education. Taking the psychological behavior training method as an example, the model demonstration method is often used in ideological and political education, that is, through typical cases, models or deeds, to improve the ideological understanding of higher vocational students and standardize their behavior.
The combination of problems and methods shows the necessity of combining mental health education with ideological and political education in higher vocational colleges. The similarity of objects, the complementarity of functions, the permeability of contents and the similarity of processes show that the combination of the two is feasible. Establish? People-oriented? The cross-integration of educational ideas, educational objectives, educational contents, complementarity and training of teaching methods in moral education? Double-qualified? Teachers are the main way to realize the combination of the two.
Keywords: higher vocational education; Mental health education; Ideological and political education; combine
There are differences and connections between the mental health level and the ideological and political level of higher vocational students. Research shows that students' psychological quality will affect their understanding and acceptance of ideological, political and moral norms; Students' psychological state and personality psychological characteristics will affect the effect of ideological and political education. As far as students are concerned, the development of mental health and the cultivation of ideological quality are integrated. However, in higher vocational education, mental health education and ideological and political education belong to different departments, with different educational concepts, educational objectives and educational methods. The inherent division of education makes the relationship between the two tend to be sparse, while the difference is enhanced. Focusing on the fundamental goal of moral education in higher vocational colleges, it is of great theoretical significance and practical pertinence to explore the way of combining mental health education with ideological and political education in higher vocational colleges.
First, the necessity of combining mental health education with ideological and political education in higher vocational colleges
At present, the problems faced by higher vocational students in life, study and employment are mostly the integration of psychological problems and ideological problems. To solve these problems fundamentally and thoroughly, we must adopt the method of combining mental health education with ideological and political education.
(A) the problem of integration
Psychology and thinking are both phenomena of human spiritual activities, and both take practical activities in objective reality as the source of their development. The development and change of thought will be restricted and influenced by psychology, and the activities and contents of psychology will be dominated and controlled by thought. Higher vocational students face many problems in life, study and employment, none of which is a single ideological problem or psychological problem, but the result of the interaction between psychological factors and ideological factors. For example, some students have negative emotions because of academic discrimination in employment, forming ideas such as the futility of reading, higher vocational education is not as good as undergraduate education, and even extreme psychology such as revenge. The occurrence of such problems is also the development process of higher vocational students' psychology, consciousness and thought. As an objective existence, individual's experience and experience will reflect the subject's psychology, thus forming subjective consciousness and rising to some kind of thought through rational thinking. As the basis of the development of thought, if there are psychological problems, it will affect the correctness of thought; On the contrary, due to the initiative of thinking, ideological problems will lead to more serious psychological obstacles and affect the mental health of higher vocational students. Therefore, it is necessary to combine mental health education with ideological and political education in higher vocational colleges from the perspective of integrating the problems faced by higher vocational students.
(B) the combination of methods
From the integration analysis of psychological factors and ideological factors faced by higher vocational students, the solution is to realize the combination of mental health education and ideological and political education in higher vocational colleges. In the process of solving problems, we must take ideological and political education as the traction and mental health education as the guarantee. Without the traction of ideological and political education, higher vocational students will lose their way and fail to achieve their due results in the process of solving problems; Without the guarantee of mental health education, there is no basis for solving the problems of higher vocational students, which may not only make the problems unsolved, but even make them more serious. For example, to solve the employment problem of vocational college students, we should first relieve the psychological pressure of vocational college students in the process of employment from the perspective of cognitive psychology, help them overcome their conceit, inferiority and ambivalence in the process of employment, and relieve their anxiety, utilitarianism and depression from the perspective of psychology of emotion; Secondly, it is necessary to guide vocational college students to establish a correct concept of employment, job selection and entrepreneurship, and help them find similarities in national development, enterprise requirements and personal needs, and change their misconceptions. Similarly, only by combining psychological education with ideological education can we solve the problems faced by higher vocational students.
Second, the feasibility of combining mental health education with ideological and political education in higher vocational colleges
The combination of mental health education and ideological and political education in higher vocational colleges lies not only in the necessity of combining them, but also in the analysis of their similarity in object, complementarity in function, permeability in content and identity in process. It is highly feasible to combine mental health education with ideological and political education in higher vocational colleges.
(a) the object * * * same sex
Although mental health education and ideological and political education in higher vocational colleges have different responsibilities and division of labor, and may even adopt different specific methods, their targets are all students. According to the classification of moral education in colleges and universities including higher vocational colleges by the Ministry of Education, mental health education belongs to the category of moral education in colleges and universities. From a more specific point of view, both of them act on the moral education of higher vocational students. Because of the same sex, higher vocational mental health education and ideological and political education emphasize different division of labor, but as far as the final effect is concerned, it is necessary to strengthen contact and communication and combine them to improve students' moral education level, thus providing guarantee for realizing the fundamental goal of higher vocational moral education.
(B) the role of complementarity
Mental health education focuses on students' subconscious, while ideological and political education focuses on students' ideological consciousness and moral cognition. The shaping of values, sense of responsibility, good and evil, justice and conscience in ideological and political theory courses is closely related to the psychological quality of college students. Because of their complementary functions, higher vocational colleges need to strengthen the coordination and interaction between mental health education and ideological and political education on the basis of emphasizing their different functions, and be good at using the content of ideological and political education to provide direction guidance and method guarantee for the mental health development of higher vocational students.
(C) the permeability of the content
The combination of ideological and political education and mental health education will greatly enrich its connotation. The contents of mental health education and ideological and political education in higher vocational colleges can penetrate and transform each other. Mental health education plays an important role in expanding the boundaries and improving the contents of ideological and political education, with its focus on understanding society and the country and coordinating the interests of individuals, collectives and the country. Mental health education focuses on teaching students to know themselves. Therefore, in order to achieve the effect of ideological and political education, it is necessary to extend the boundary of ideological and political education to students' self-cognition. However, many contents of mental health education are influenced by the development of western psychology. In order to avoid the problem of value orientation, some research results and methods must be guided by ideological and political education and tested in the process of introducing classroom and implementing teaching.
(d) Similarity of processes
Finding, analyzing and solving problems are the same process of mental health education and ideological and political education in higher vocational colleges to help students improve their quality. The educational process of mental health education in higher vocational colleges is consistent with that of ideological and political education, and both are aimed at the problems existing in students' moral education and the effect of moral education. Although their educational methods and contents may be different in the process of education, they are all the same: finding problems is the starting point, analyzing problems is the middle point, and solving problems is the end point. In view of the fact that in every link of the process, the emphasis and intervention intensity of mental health education and ideological and political education may be different, it is necessary for them to cooperate closely, analyze together and cooperate with each other to achieve the best results.
Third, the combination of mental health education and ideological and political education in higher vocational colleges
It is necessary and feasible to combine mental health education with ideological and political education in higher vocational colleges. However, from the current situation, both mental health education and ideological and political education have been formed in higher vocational education with rich content and complex structure due to long-term division of labor teaching. How to realize the combination of the two, or even form a fusion, needs to be analyzed and discussed in detail from the aspects of educational philosophy, educational objectives, educational content, educational methods, teaching teachers and so on.
(1) is established? People-oriented? The educational concept of
The purpose of education is for human growth and success. Although vocational education emphasizes directly serving industries and enterprises and cultivating students' professional skills, its fundamental goal is for people's development. ? People-oriented? Our educational philosophy emphasizes that moral education should not be neglected and professional skills should not be overemphasized in the cultivation of higher vocational students. Instead, we should emphasize students' ideological quality education and attach importance to students' mental health education in moral education. If vocational college students do not have healthy psychological quality as a guarantee, the foundation and effect of their ideological and political education will be fundamentally affected. Higher vocational colleges should strengthen the reform of student-centered teaching system, take the problems existing in students' life, study and employment as the guidance, formulate corresponding educational methods according to students' characteristics, enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of education, and improve the synergy between mental health education and ideological and political education in higher vocational colleges.
(B) Lide Shu Ren's clear educational goals.
The goal of higher vocational education is to train people. Lide? Attach importance to the ideological and political education of higher vocational students. Tree people? Emphasize the personality development of higher vocational students. ? Lide? With what? Tree people? It is integrated. A person's moral cultivation often determines his personality quality; The development of a person's personality quality in turn affects his moral cultivation. The combination of mental health education and ideological and political education in higher vocational colleges takes moral education as the educational goal, and it is necessary not only to clarify the question of what morality to establish and who to train, but also to clarify the ways and methods to realize the moral education goal. Mental health education is the basis of ideological and political education, which provides guidance for mental health education. In the process of higher vocational education, we can't just emphasize one kind of education, and we can't favor one over the other. Only by combining the two can we achieve the goal of cultivating people.
(C) to achieve cross-integration of educational content
On the one hand, through the guidance of ideological and political education, the content of mental health education can be sublimated. For example, students in higher vocational colleges have some psychological problems, and students' negative thinking attitude is an important factor causing psychological obstacles. Simply adopting the content of mental health education can only play a palliative role. To achieve the goal of radical cure, it is necessary to introduce the content of ideological and political education, enhance students' ideological cognition, and drive psychological changes with thoughts. On the other hand, the content of ideological and political education can provide reasonable basis and support through mental health education. For example, in the process of analyzing a social phenomenon, we can quote the contents of social psychology in mental health education to provide scientific basis for analyzing such phenomena, thus promoting students to form a more reasonable cognition.
(D) the use of complementary teaching methods
It is a common phenomenon that teaching methods complement each other in mental health education and ideological and political education. Taking the psychological behavior training method as an example, the model demonstration method is often used in ideological and political education, that is, through typical cases, models or deeds, to improve the ideological understanding of higher vocational students and standardize their behavior. Modern vocational education system construction plan (20 14? In 2020), when strengthening moral education in vocational colleges, put forward? Pay attention to guiding students in school with the advanced deeds of outstanding graduates? . Other psychological methods can also be widely used in ideological and political education. For example, motivation in cognitive change method can be used to judge and summarize students' motivation in ideological and political education. In the activity experience method, role separation method and role transformation method can put students in virtual or real situations and help them make correct moral choices that meet the requirements of social norms.
(5) training? Double-qualified? teacher
Although higher vocational education emphasizes student-centered, the realization of good educational effect can not be separated from the play of teachers' leading position. Does the vocational skill education of higher vocational education emphasize teachers? Double teacher? Literacy requires teachers not only to have certain professional theoretical knowledge, but also to have higher professional practical skills obtained in industry training. To realize the combination of mental health education and ideological and political education in higher vocational education, we can learn from the practice of professional teachers. Double teacher? This training mode emphasizes that mental health teachers and ideological and political education teachers in the public curriculum system can be familiar with each other's contents and methods, so that they can be integrated in the process of guiding students to improve their ideological literacy and preventing students from having psychological problems, and can apply relevant theories, contents and methods to their respective teaching, thus improving the abilities of mental health teachers and ideological and political education teachers. Double teacher? Quality.
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