Definition of health management Health management is a process and method that aims to prevent and control the occurrence and development of diseases, reduce medical expenses and improve the quality of life, educate individuals and groups on health, improve the awareness and level of self-management, and continuously improve the health risk factors related to their lifestyles through health information collection, health testing, health assessment, personalized monitoring management scheme and health intervention.
Health management is a process of overall management of health risk factors of individuals or groups. Its purpose is to mobilize the enthusiasm of individuals, collectives and society, effectively use limited resources and achieve the greatest health effect. Health risk assessment is a key technical part in the process of health management, which can only be achieved through health management. It is the first step of chronic disease prevention, also known as risk prediction model. Based on a large number of personal health information collected, it analyzes and establishes the quantitative relationship between lifestyle, environment, heredity and other risk factors and health status, predicts the possibility of an individual suffering from a certain disease or dying from a certain disease in a certain period of time, and accordingly provides targeted control and intervention according to the needs of the crowd, thus helping the government, enterprises, insurance companies and individuals to achieve the maximum health effect at the lowest cost.
Problems in Health Management Health management is still a new concept in China. The service target of health management is narrow, mainly concentrated in people with higher economic income. Public awareness is not high, and some concepts of health management have not been accepted by the public.
For example, some people can spend tens of thousands of dollars a year on smoking, but in their opinion, they spend hundreds of dollars on health management? Too expensive? Once they get sick, they can only spend a lot of money to find experts and famous doctors, but the fact is that health management and early prevention can make them spend less money.
Characteristics of health management Health management refers to the comprehensive management process of detecting, analyzing, evaluating and intervening the health risk factors of individuals or groups. Mainly has the following three characteristics:
1. Health management focuses on controlling health risk factors, including variable risk factors and immutable risk factors. The former is a controllable factor that changes through its own behavior, such as unreasonable diet, lack of exercise, smoking and drinking, and abnormal index factors such as hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. The latter is a factor beyond personal control, such as age, gender, family history and so on.
Second, health management embodies primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. Primary prevention, that is, disease-free prevention, also known as etiological prevention, is to take measures to reduce the level of harmful exposure, enhance the ability of individuals to resist harmful exposure, prevent the occurrence of diseases (or injuries) or at least delay the occurrence of diseases before the occurrence of diseases (or injuries). Secondary prevention, that is, early detection and early treatment of diseases, is also called preclinical prevention (or preclinical prevention), that is, the "three early" preventive measures of early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment of diseases. This level of prevention is to prevent the changes of the disease before or in the early clinical stage through early detection, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, so that the disease can be found and treated in the early stage, avoid or reduce the occurrence of complications, sequelae and disabilities, or shorten the time of disability. Three-level prevention, that is, treating diseases and preventing disabilities, is also called clinical prevention. Tertiary prevention can prevent disability, promote functional recovery, improve quality of life, prolong life and reduce mortality.
Third, the service process of health management is a cyclical operation cycle. The implementation links of health management are health monitoring (collecting personal health information of clients is the premise and foundation for continuous implementation of health management), health assessment (predicting the risks of various diseases is the fundamental guarantee for implementing health management) and health intervention (helping clients to take actions to control risk factors is the ultimate goal of implementing health management). In the whole service process, through these three links, we will continue to circulate to reduce or reduce the number and level of risk factors and maintain a low risk level.
The implementation significance of healthy management lifestyle includes diet structure, work, sleep, sports, culture and entertainment, social interaction and many other aspects. Excessive pressure causes mental stress, as well as bad living habits, such as excessive entertainment, smoking, drinking, lack of exercise, overwork and so on. , are harmful factors to human health.
For example, people who are engaged in office work for a long time, sedentary, lack of exercise, and use computers for a long time. , can lead to neck and waist muscle strain, cervical spondylosis, lumbar disc herniation, constipation, hemorrhoids, skin damage and so on. And drinking too much coffee, strong tea, wine, smoking, work pressure, lack of sleep, poor sleep quality, etc. , it will also lead to different degrees of health damage. In the long run, all kinds of diseases may appear.
Modern medical research also shows that the causes of many diseases are not mainly caused by biological factors, but by bad lifestyle, psychological factors and environmental factors. This new medical concept is called. Biological, psychological and social medical models? .
Health management is a set of perfect, thoughtful and personalized service procedures based on health care and medical science and using information and medical technology. Its purpose is to help healthy people and sub-healthy people establish an orderly and healthy lifestyle, reduce risks and stay away from diseases by maintaining and promoting health. Once the clinical symptoms appear, you can recover as soon as possible through the arrangement of medical services.
Health management is not only an idea, but also a method and a set of perfect and thorough service procedures. Its purpose is to make patients and healthy people recover, maintain and promote their health better, save money and expenses, and effectively reduce medical expenses.
A large number of preventive medicine studies at home and abroad show that spending 1 yuan on prevention can save 8.59 yuan for medicine, and also save about 100 yuan for rescue, lost time and escort.
Health management is a kind of preventive medicine. It provides health education for individuals and groups, improves the awareness and level of self-management of health, evaluates and monitors the health risk factors related to their lifestyles, and provides personalized intervention, which greatly reduces the disease risk and medical expenses, thus improving the quality of life of individuals.