1. Short gestational age: The gestational age of a normal fetus is 38-42 weeks, and the birth weight is 2500-4000g g. Generally speaking, the shorter the gestational age, the lighter the weight. Premature infants are mostly low birth weight infants with birth weight less than 2500 grams. Premature babies grow and develop normally in the uterus, and their organs are not mature because of premature delivery. Poor living ability, low resistance and easy infection. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent premature delivery of pregnant women, strengthen pregnancy examination, do a good job in labor protection during pregnancy, and let pregnant women reduce their work appropriately after 32 weeks of pregnancy to ensure adequate sleep and avoid sexual life. The causes of premature delivery include acute and chronic diseases, uterine malformation, pregnancy complications, premature rupture of membranes, multiple pregnancies and placental insufficiency. When these situations happen, we should treat them in time to avoid premature delivery.
2. Malnutrition: Malnutrition of pregnant women is also an important reason for giving birth to low birth weight babies. During pregnancy, we should pay attention to ingesting digestible high-protein and high-vitamin foods, such as fish, eggs, meat, fruits and vegetables, to prevent anemia and calcium deficiency, and eat more animal liver and blood. At present, malnutrition caused by real economic difficulties is rare, but malnutrition caused by food choice is very common. When this happens, pregnant women think that they have spent money to buy high-grade food, and the nutritional level is quite high. In fact, it is the imbalance of nutritional proportion of food, and partial eclipse leads to malnutrition of mother and fetus.
3. Pregnancy complications: Pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, placental insufficiency and intrauterine infection often lead to fetal death, and live births are often low birth weight infants. This is because the above diseases lead to uterine vasospasm, placental blood supply insufficiency and placental function decline, thus making the fetus develop slowly in the uterus. Therefore, pregnant women should do prenatal examination on time and correct any abnormality in time.
4. Pregnant women suffer from a serious disease: when pregnant women suffer from heart disease, diabetes, hepatitis and nephritis, there will be hypoxia, which will cause uterine contraction, premature delivery or fetal growth retardation. Women with serious diseases should not give birth, otherwise they may not only give birth to unhealthy children, but also bring danger to themselves. If you want to have children, you should also start pregnancy under the guidance of a doctor after the disease is basically cured. Prenatal examination, monitoring and treatment of diseases should be strengthened during pregnancy.
5. Pregnancy age: The best age for a woman to get pregnant is 24-29 years old. During this period, women's physical and mental development is perfect, abdominal muscles are developed, and pelvic ligaments are in the best condition. During this period, the fetus develops best, and the occurrence of low weight is the least.
Of course, there are many reasons for low birth weight, such as pregnant women smoking, drinking, taking drugs, receiving a lot of radiation, etc., which may lead to the birth of low birth weight babies.