A few days ago, when I went to the coffee shop to read books and enjoy my lucky leisure life, I happened to be sitting next to three old uncles chatting (I really didn't want to eavesdrop, but the old people were chatting too loudly). One of the uncles pointed to their afternoon tea and told the other two that diabetes can be eaten with sugar, so don't be nervous. Then he cut to the last lecture by a sexologist, and many ideas were different from what the doctor said. Then he began to put these new ideas on the other two uncles, including saying that all the current suggestions are wrong, which is why there are so many chronic diseases. The new ideas he learned in class taught him to drink more water and eat more oil, and the pyramid should be reversed …
In addition, the uncle kept telling his friends some correct concepts of grain selection, such as "all oils and fats come from seeds, so we should use high technology to extract oil ... oils and fats are perishable, so we must handle them carefully ... So the rotten oil of Top X some time ago is very safe, because it is pure, and there is no problem after inspection, which is completely in line with national hygiene standards, as pure as water and absolutely edible. People boycotted top X.
The more I listen to it, the more I feel horrible. What is terrible is not people who have such misconceptions, but often pretend to be just people and constantly spread these misconceptions. Its harm is more terrible than today's eroticism and gossip in the media, because the latter can make you uncomfortable at best, but the latter may kill people.
What is the diet pyramid? "Positive" Diet Pyramid = Old Diet Guide
The existing food pyramid is a dietary guide provided by the US Department of Agriculture in 1992 (refer to the attached figure 1), with the aim of helping the American people to choose food correctly. Divided into four layers, from top to bottom are protein foods such as oil, sugar, meat and milk, fruits and vegetables, grains and roots, because the pyramid is sharp and wide at the bottom.
So to put it simply, the old pyramid diet is to encourage people to eat less oil, eat meat in moderation, eat more vegetables and fruits, and take starchy foods such as grains and roots as the staple food. The top ten causes of death in the United States are cardiovascular diseases. In traditional cognition, cardiovascular diseases are mainly related to excessive oil intake, so it is not difficult to understand that such dietary suggestions appeared from the beginning.
Harvard pyramid = an upgraded version of the old diet pyramid
But later, more and more food-related scientific research found that there are good and bad fats, and not all fats are bad. For example, omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil and monounsaturated fatty acids in olive oil are good for cardiovascular health. In addition, not all starchy foods are good things. For example, refined starch can make blood sugar rise rapidly, and excessive intake of such foods will increase the number of chronic diseases.
In addition, even the same food in protein, the nutrition provided by red meat such as pigs and cows is different from that provided by white meat such as chicken, fish and seafood. Therefore, after the pyramid diet was introduced for more than ten or twenty years, nutritionists or health centers kept proposing amendments to the existing pyramid diet.
The famous Mayo Clinic has put forward various pyramids for different food cultures, such as vegetarian pyramid and Asian food pyramid. In 2002, the School of Public Health of Harvard University also revised the existing pyramid and established the so-called Harvard Pyramid, hoping to help people improve chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer through this dietary guide.
Would it be better to eat the pyramid backwards?
I feel that the author of the book "The Pyramids Eat Upside Down" also wants to reform the old pyramids. Her intentions were good, but the reform failed. Stella rummaged through the book from beginning to end in the bookstore, and found that there was only one good oil suggestion in the whole book, and most of the other knowledge was wrong. And because its argument (pyramid eating backwards, eating more oil and eating more meat) is based on wrong cognition and foundation, this dietary guide is not worth adopting.
Judging from what the author wrote in the front of this book, she put forward the argument that "pyramids should be eaten upside down" because it is wrong for the existing (old) pyramids, so she put forward the reform method of eating upside down, but all her accusations are wrong. The following is the author's criticism of the four layers of food in the (old) pyramid:
1. On the first floor of the existing pyramid, people are advised to eat less oil, so they boil vegetables with water, so the oil they eat is equal to 0.
2. On the second floor, people are advised to eat lean meat and low-fat milk, and remove the skin and oil, so they only eat protein.
3. The third and fourth floors are all starchy foods, which will shake blood sugar.
In addition, the author also criticized that the old pyramid water =0 is a very bad thing, because most of the human body is water, and the existing pyramid does not mention water at all. This diet that ignores water intake will have serious health consequences.
Moreover, the author does not think that it is a bad behavior to ask people not to eat oil in the existing pyramids. She believes that the suggestion of not eating oil is a very important reason for the shrinking 10% of American brain capacity in the past decade. Based on the above understanding of the old pyramid, the author suggests that the pyramid should be eaten upside down, and suggests eating a lot of meat, oil, a small amount of vegetables and starch (30% oil, 30% meat, 20% vegetables, 20% starch) ... But is this correct?
Analyze the fallacy of pyramid eating backwards 1. The fallacy of oil =0!
The author thinks that the current pyramid diet guide makes people cook vegetables in water and peel and skim oil when eating meat, so the oil intake is insufficient, and accuses this of being the main reason for the brain atrophy of the American people. But think about it, who will "boil vegetables, peel and skim meat" three times a day? No one would do that? Even though Stella once encouraged dieters to cook or skim their skin in one-on-one weight-loss consultation, more than 95% of them couldn't do it, not to mention the average person, or Americans who mainly eat high-fat and high-protein western-style diets.
In addition, even if you cook vegetables in water and skim the skin when eating meat, it will not be oil =0, because the oil in food mainly comes from two parts: edible oil (the top of the pyramid) and oil contained in food, including meat and high-fat foods such as nuts or avocados. Take milk as an example. Each serving of whole milk contains 8 grams of protein and 8 grams of fat. Even low-fat milk contains 4 grams of fat.
Meat contains 7 grams of protein, medium-fat meat (such as eggs, tofu and salmon) contains 5 grams of fat, and high-fat meat (such as pork belly, beef brisket and pork floss) contains fat 10 gram. Therefore, it is impossible to make the fat in the diet equal to 0.
Finally, let's think about whether the intake of meat and oil is too much or too little in the existing American diet. Are there so many fat people in America because they eat too little oil? Or too much fat and protein? Therefore, from the suggestion that the old diet pyramid is short of oil, it is directly related to this oil-free diet, and then it is associated with the fact that this is definitely the reason why the brain capacity of the American people has decreased 10% in the past decade ... It can only be said that the author has a super imagination >: _