1, blood pressure is the pressure on the blood vessel wall when blood flows through the artery. Hypertension, known as the silent killer, is closely related to coronary heart disease and stroke. Hypertension has no symptoms, indicating that people should measure their blood pressure regularly. 120/80mm Hg is the gold standard for normal blood pressure. Once the blood pressure is too high, it should be controlled during the test. When your blood pressure drops from high to normal, you will be younger and safer. If you are 55 years old, your physiological age will increase by one year for every 5 mm Hg increase in high pressure and 7 mm Hg increase in low pressure. If the blood pressure of 160/90 mm Hg is reduced to the gold standard, it can be 9 years younger.
2, blood lipids, blood lipids are the general term for lipids contained in the blood, like a big family, with big brother low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, second brother triglyceride, and third brother high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. You can't have too many brothers. Too many will block roads everywhere and hinder traffic. Third brother, the more the better. You can discourage two brothers from blocking traffic. What we should be most concerned about is the big brother and the third brother, because their roles are fundamentally different. Big brother is easily adsorbed on the arterial wall and will become the culprit of myocardial infarction and an accomplice of cerebral thrombosis. The third brother is a scavenger. He can help the eldest brother to get rid of the bad cholesterol he carries. Therefore, exercise and a balanced diet can increase the HDL content of "good cholesterol" in our body as much as possible, and also reduce the LDL of "bad cholesterol".
3, waist circumference, in a sense, waist circumference can reflect a person's health. Everyone pursues a beautiful figure. Keeping a waist circumference of 90 cm for men and 80 cm for women will make you healthier. Being too fat is like an "overloaded truck", and the "apple-shaped" central obesity figure is more "high risk". Obesity is not a simple accumulation of triglycerides, but a problem in the "warehouse" where fat is stored. Under normal circumstances, fat should be stored in subcutaneous tissue, but this "warehouse" of obese people is squeezed, and fat has to enter the "inner layer" from the "subcutaneous", then enter the liver, myocardium and capillaries, and settle in non-fat storage points, and the harm of obesity begins. The more obesity, the higher the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Divided by hip circumference, the male ratio is greater than 1 and the female ratio is greater than 0.9, which belongs to "apple type".
4. Weight: Obesity occurs when the weight exceeds 20% of the prescribed ideal weight, and the standard weight is also called ideal weight. Everyone's standard weight is easy to calculate: the obesity of adults can be measured by body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference. Calculation method of body mass index (BMI): BMI = weight (kg)/ height (m) 2; Less than 18.5kg/m2 is light; Normal is 18.5 to 23.9 kg/m2; Above 24kg/ m2 is overweight, and above 28kg/ m2 is obese. Obesity is related to a series of chronic diseases. We'd better control our weight within the normal range, at least young people should not be overweight and middle-aged people should not be obese. The latest authoritative 10 cancer prevention proposal put forward by the World Cancer Foundation in cooperation with six international organizations, the biggest highlight is that it has found sufficient evidence to prove that obesity can increase esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer, colon/rectal cancer, breast cancer, endometrial cancer, renal cancer and other cancers. And put forward that "as thin as possible within the normal weight range, children's weight should be kept at the low end of body mass index in adolescence, and their weight should be kept normal from 2 1 year old.
5, exercise, take time to exercise, this is very important. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure are the most important indexes to prevent arterial aging. Exercise can reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Exercise can improve healthy cholesterol content; Exercise makes your blood vessels more elastic; Exercise increases bone density and prevents osteoporosis; Stress is an important cause of human aging, and endorphins produced by exercise can relieve tension and make people feel happy; Any exercise can enhance muscle strength; As long as you do moderate-intensity aerobic exercise for about 30 minutes three to four times a week, such as jogging, brisk walking, climbing stairs, climbing mountains, swimming, etc., your heart, your arteries, your bones and joints, your mood and your attitude towards life will be improved, and exercise will give you overall health! 6. Quit smoking: China is the largest tobacco producer, consumer and victim in the world, with 350 million smokers. Tobacco dependence, also known as nicotine dependence, is a disease. The World Health Organization has listed tobacco dependence in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD- 10), which belongs to mental and nervous system diseases. Nicotine is easily absorbed by oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract and respiratory tract mucosa. 90% of inhaled nicotine is absorbed by the lungs and enters the brain within 1/4 seconds. Large doses of nicotine can cause respiratory muscle paralysis, disturbance of consciousness and so on. Long-term inhalation will lead to decreased vitality and memory, resulting in multiple organ syndrome. Compared with non-smokers, smokers die about 10 years earlier on average, and quitting smoking at the age of 60, 50, 40 and 30 can win life expectancy of about 3, 6, 9 or 10 years respectively.
7, blood sugar, the glucose contained in the blood is called blood sugar, which refers to the concentration of glucose in the blood. A person's blood sugar changes in this normal range anytime and anywhere. Glucose in blood is oxidized and decomposed in tissues and organs to supply energy; Lactic acid and a small amount of energy are produced during strenuous activity or hypoxia to supplement the urgent needs of the body; Glucose can synthesize liver glycogen and muscle glycogen and store them; Excess glucose can be converted into fat and so on. Insulin is the key hormone to lower blood sugar in the body. On the one hand, it can promote glucose in blood to enter tissues and cells such as liver, muscle and fat, and synthesize glycogen in cells or convert it into other nutrients for storage. On the other hand, it can promote the oxidative decomposition of glucose and release energy for the body to use. Diabetes is the metabolic disorder of glucose, lipid and protein caused by insulin deficiency or insulin failure. Strictly speaking, diabetes is not a disease, but a general term for many diseases. The most common type is type II diabetes, followed by type I diabetes. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by abnormally high blood sugar concentration, which can lead to typical symptoms such as polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria and weight loss. Often accompanied by fatigue and weakness. But quite a few patients have no obvious symptoms. In severe cases, acute complications such as ketoacidosis and hyperosmotic diabetic coma may occur, and multiple infections are easy to occur. With the extension of the course of disease, it can lead to chronic diseases of eyes, kidneys, nerves, blood vessels, heart and other tissues and organs. If not treated in time, complications such as myocardial infarction, stroke, renal failure, blindness, gangrene and lower limb amputation may occur, leading to death and disability.