1. sowing date. Spring sowing is suitable. Generally, the soil temperature of 5cm can reach above 10℃, and it can be planted. It can also be cultivated in a hotbed of small plastic arches. The sowing period is from late February to mid-March. Sowing is too late, high temperature and rainy, soil liquid is dry and hardened, seed germination is difficult, and the growth period after emergence is short, which is not conducive to overwintering. The sowing amount per mu in Miao Di is 800-1000g.
2.？ Seed treatment. Asparagus has a hard seed coat, which absorbs water and germinates slowly after sowing. In order to promote seed germination as soon as possible, select plump new seeds, disinfect them with 40% formaldehyde 100 times solution for 30 minutes, rinse them with clear water, soak them for 2-3 days, change the water once a day, then promote seed germination at 28-30℃, rinse them with clear water once a day, and sow when the seeds germinate for about a week and turn white.
3.？ Sow seeds. The seedbed should be sunny, well drained, fertile and loose sandy loam. After sowing, seedlings emerge quickly, grow well and grow tall easily. Seedbed fertilizer should be combined with decomposed fertilizer, compound fertilizer and human and animal manure. Pour it evenly into the soil. The frame is made according to 150cm, and the soles of the feet are watered. Seeds are sown in holes of 8- 10 cm. One seed per hole, covered with about 1cm fine soil, then covered with plastic film, and arched into a shed in time after seedling emergence.
4. Seedling management. Top dressing once a month at seedling stage, with decomposed fertilizer 1500-2000 kg and urea 2-3 kg per mu. Before application at seedling stage, 1 part lime powder and1part plant ash were evenly mixed to prevent bacterial wilt.
Second, colonization.
1. Soil preparation and fertilization. The roots of asparagus are deeply buried in the soil. Therefore, before planting, the land must be deeply ploughed. After raking the clods, you can take them out of the box and plant them. Asparagus should be planted closely. One row planting, row spacing 150- 160cm, plant spacing 33cm. One plant per nest, with an yield of about 1300 plants per mu.
2. Planting time. Generally, seedlings are raised in spring and sown in autumn. Seedlings cultivated in a small arch shed can be sown in the first half of June. Seedling height is 40-50cm, fleshy root 10 or more, and seedling age 100 days. Sow in cloudy or sunny afternoon and water after planting.
3. Seedling cultivation method. Minimize the damage to the root system when raising seedlings, and separate the big seedlings from the small ones. Advocate the use of large seedlings instead of small seedlings. The planting depth is about 14cm from underground stem to ditch surface. The bulbous buds of each row of seedlings are perpendicular to the ditch and in the same direction. When planting seedlings, straighten the roots and cover them with fine soil. Gently press by hand, cover the soil by 8- 10cm, and fix the root water after planting. After 10- 15 days, if any trees are missing, replant them in time, and cover the planting ditch after 1 month.
Third, on-site management
1. Intercropping weeding intercropping. Asparagus is easy to grow weeds when planted, because the plants are small and the row spacing is large. It is necessary to plow and weed frequently. Short-stemmed vegetables such as cabbage and radish can be planted between rows. In the second year, asparagus stems grow more on the ground, but in order not to affect the future plant development and yield, young stems are generally not picked and interplanted with crops.
2.？ Topdressing asparagus is mainly farmyard manure, supplemented by potassium fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer and cake fertilizer. Generally once a year 1-2 times. The fertilization method is to open a fertilization ditch along one side of the planting line, put the fertilizer into the ditch, and then cover about 3000 kilograms of soil per mu. In the first and second years, because the plants are small, fertilization can be reduced, and it can be increased with the growth of plants in the future.