First, the process of the link. There are five types of health teaching activities in kindergartens, including physical education, safety education, physical protection and self-care ability education, diet and nutrition education, and mental health education. And each type has different forms and methods of activities. Now give some examples to illustrate several typical forms of activities.
① Sports activities (three basic links)
The goal of sports activities: to help children carry out sports in the most effective way, improve their physical fitness, enhance their physical fitness, improve their health level and better adapt to social life. The specific contents include: basic movements, basic gymnastics, sports games, equipment activities, etc.
Physical education teaching activities: generally including the beginning, the middle and the end. These three parts have different functions and tasks. The first part is to undertake tasks such as organizing children's attention, participating in activities, defining activities, driving children to exercise, and making preparations. The time is about 3 ~ 6 minutes, accounting for 65,438+00% ~ 20% of the whole activity. The basic part is to undertake the task of learning new content and knowledge. Of course, this process needs to be effectively organized in the form of games, in order to achieve the goal of children actively participating in activities, exercising, enriching knowledge and solving problems. The time is about 2 1 ~ 24 minutes, accounting for 70% ~ 80% of the whole activity. At the end, it is responsible for activities evaluation, summing up experience, sorting out equipment, relaxing, etc. The time is about 3-6 minutes, accounting for 10%-20% of the whole activity.
② Safety education (four basic methods)
The goal of safety education: to help children establish safety awareness, learn necessary safety knowledge, develop good behavior habits and actively participate in sports activities. The specific contents include: traffic safety, fire safety, food hygiene safety, electric shock and drowning prevention safety, toy safety, life safety and so on.
Methods of safety teaching activities: scene reappearance method, that is, using CD-ROM, pictures and other methods to reproduce the problems in safety education, so that children can feel personally, guide the consequences of incorrect practices, and properly restrain their own behavior to achieve the purpose of education; Case analysis, that is, carefully analyze and discuss the things that often happen to young children, draw conclusions and know the harm, and then choose the correct game play; Comparative judgment, that is, at the same time, let children know the correct events of mistakes, let them judge and analyze for themselves, which is right, which is wrong, what to do and what not to do, and know how to abide by the rules of the game; Daily infiltration method, that is, closely combining safety education with daily life, reminding children at any time, and linking with daily behavior rules, will get more surprises if education is incorporated into daily life.
The above methods can be combined with the content of teaching activities to choose the most suitable method to achieve the goal. Of course, teachers can also carry out reform and innovation according to their own experience. As long as the purpose of teaching activities can be achieved and the development of children and the formation of safety awareness can be promoted, the methods can be adjusted at any time according to the teaching needs.
③ Physical protection and self-care ability education (three points for attention)
The goal of physical protection and self-care ability education is to help children improve their attitudes towards health and public health, and cultivate children's various healthy behaviors and habits that are beneficial to individuals and society. The specific contents include: life hygiene, plot hygiene, environmental hygiene, organ protection, etc.
Precautions for physical protection and self-care ability education: the requirements are consistent, that is, teachers and parents should have unified routine requirements in daily life and games, and they should not change the established routine requirements with the preferences and wishes of adults, otherwise they will repeatedly cultivate children's self-care ability and routines; The combination of collective and individual, because children come from different families, has differences in heredity, quality and habits. Therefore, these factors need to be considered when making a teaching plan. The teaching plan should take care of all children and have individual education. The organic combination of the two can make children gradually integrate into and unify with the collective, gradually form class routines and behavior habits that meet the requirements, and effectively accomplish educational goals; The wonderful use of demonstration and explanation, many times, in order to influence children subtly, teachers no longer emphasize the importance of demonstration and explanation in teaching activities to avoid the negative impact of one teaching and one learning on children. Therefore, for demonstration, teachers need to skillfully use it to help children form correct concepts without trace.
The second is to design around the needs of goals and content. The setting of any activity can't form a pattern, and so can health teaching activities. Although there are some links in the setting mode, the specific activities should be set according to the differences in objectives and contents to meet the needs of children's development, activity characteristics and teachers' educational wisdom in activities.
(2) Problems that should be paid attention to
First, there should not be too many teaching links. Although the links of health teaching activities can be adjusted in time according to the actual needs, we should still follow the principles of simple and clear links and organizational interaction, because health teaching activities are different from educational activities in other fields, in which motor exercises and safety education require children's personal experience and feelings. If you go through the motions, it seems lively, but in fact you have not achieved your goal. Therefore, link settings must be concise and clear to serve the goal.
Second, we should exercise alternately. Different from other educational activities, the main points of health teaching activities are that teachers need to accurately demonstrate actions, children need to participate in high-intensity and high-density exercises, and children need to carry out self-protection and safety education. Therefore, it is necessary to alternate between static and dynamic, otherwise neither the teacher nor the child can complete the task well. It is necessary for teachers to relax and buffer in the alternation of static and dynamic.
Third, grasp the key points and break through the difficult links. In the process of designing health teaching activities, teachers should be very clear about the key points and difficulties of teaching activities, and all links should be designed around grasping the key points and breaking through the difficulties. In this way, from easy to difficult, from shallow to deep, interlocking, step by step, we can well complete the goal of health teaching activities.