10 items cannot be saved. These items are generally included in the medical examination package. Blood pressure measurement: Understand the blood pressure level. Blood routine, urine routine, stool routine: to know whether there are anemia, infection, urinary system and digestive system inflammation and other diseases. Electrocardiogram: you can know the blood supply of myocardium and whether there is arrhythmia. Abdominal color Doppler ultrasound: it can detect whether there are hepatobiliary tumors or gallstones in advance. Chest X-ray: It can screen inflammation, emphysema and tuberculosis, especially for smokers. Blood sugar and blood lipid: diabetes, dyslipidemia, etc. Early detection, obesity or elderly people with hypertension and arteriosclerosis should pay special attention. Check the fundus: it can reflect the degree of arteriosclerosis. Through fundus examination, diseases such as senile cataract and primary glaucoma can be found early. Bone mineral density measurement: Men over 50 years old, women over 45 years old, it is best to judge osteoporosis. Gynecological examination: it is very important to find and prevent female breast diseases, cervical cancer and ovarian cancer. Prostate examination: men can find early prostatic hyperplasia.
The following items should be checked.
Everyone's physical condition is different It is best for the elderly to start from their own symptoms and signs. If they feel uncomfortable, they can add items to the physical examination.
Heart examination. In daily life, people who feel chest tightness, palpitation and precordial discomfort, especially those with hyperlipidemia, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, obesity or family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, can do heart load test, 24-hour dynamic electrocardiogram and color Doppler echocardiography when necessary.
Brain examination. Due to the cost, the brain is generally not included in the routine physical examination. However, for the elderly who often feel dizzy, headache and vertigo, it is recommended to do cerebrovascular ultrasound, head CT or brain magnetic resonance examination for tumors, mild cerebral infarction and other early diseases. Carotid ultrasound can know the blood supply of carotid artery, vertebral artery and brain.
Gastrointestinal endoscopy. Chronic gastritis, enteritis, hepatitis and other digestive diseases may become cancerous if they are not cured in time. Although the invasive examination of gastrointestinal endoscopy should not be done easily, it is best for middle-aged people over 45 to do it every 3-5 years; People with a family history of polyps, colon cancer and ulcerative colitis should have more examinations. If stool habits change, or stool characteristics change, such as bloody stool, you should immediately consult an anorectal doctor for diagnosis.
Pay attention before and after the physical examination. Pay attention to diet before physical examination, so as not to affect the examination results. Do not drink too much or too little water within 24 hours of urine routine; Do not eat high-fat and high-protein diet for 3 days before checking blood lipid and liver function, and do not drink alcohol for 24 hours; Do not eat a lot of high-protein food for 3 days before renal function; Do not drink alcohol within 24 hours of ECG; Avoid eating high-sugar foods within two days of blood sugar and don't exercise excessively. After the physical examination, you should see a doctor in time when you get the physical examination results, and don't delay. In addition, you should keep the physical examination results so that they can be compared with the next physical examination results and can also be used as a reference for doctors to treat.