First, the examination method
Type and number of problems
All the questions in the nurse qualification examination are multiple-choice questions. The types of questions include clinical background, mainly A2, A3/A4 questions, and gradually increase multimedia questions, supplemented by a small number of A 1 questions that examine concepts. The examination is divided into professional practice and practical ability, and the number of questions in each subject is 120.
(2) Scoring and Scoring Report
Use a computer to read papers. For candidates who pass the exam, provide candidates' transcripts and certificates of passing the nurse qualification examination.
Second, the assessment content
(A) the content structure of the test paper
The examination paper content structure of nurse qualification examination includes three aspects. They are:
1. Main nursing tasks
2. Nursing knowledge needed to complete the task.
3. Various common diseases
Each problem can include the above three aspects, that is, using what you have learned to complete a specific nursing task with common diseases as the background.
For example, the patient is a 78-year-old male. He suffered from essential hypertension for 26 years and was admitted to hospital due to heart failure. The doctor prescribed oral digoxin. Before applying digoxin to patients, nurses should first evaluate the following contents.
A. Heart rate and rhythm
B.24-hour urine volume
C. respiratory frequency
D. blood pressure
E. degree of edema
This topic mainly investigates the patients with hypertension complicated with heart failure (disease background). Nurses should use their own nursing knowledge (pharmacological knowledge) to evaluate patients (tasks) before taking drugs.
(2) the main nursing tasks involved in the inspection
The main nursing tasks refer to the common nursing tasks of nurses in the initial stage of clinical work (0 ~ 3 years). Seven kinds of nursing tasks are involved in the examination, namely:
(3) Knowledge modules involved in the examination
Related knowledge module refers to the requirements of nurses for related knowledge when they complete the above nursing tasks, which mainly includes basic medical knowledge, nursing professional knowledge and skills closely related to nursing work, and social medical and humanistic knowledge related to nursing work.
The knowledge involved in the examination includes:
1. Basic medical knowledge needed for nursing work: basic knowledge of modern medicine, including: human life process; Anatomy, physiology, pathology and pathophysiology, pharmacology, psychology, immunology, medical microbiology and parasitology, nutrition, preventive medicine and other knowledge.
2. Nursing professional knowledge and skills: Clinical knowledge and skills needed in nursing work are the main part of the exam. Including basic nursing skills, clinical manifestations of diseases, treatment principles, health assessment, nursing procedures and professional knowledge, health education and appropriate basic knowledge and skills of traditional Chinese medicine nursing.
3. Social and humanistic knowledge related to nursing, including laws and regulations, nursing management, nursing ethics and interpersonal communication knowledge. Among the above knowledge modules, the examination contents of basic nursing, laws and regulations and nursing management, nursing ethics and interpersonal communication are shown in (5), and other knowledge modules highly related to clinical diseases will be tested in the background of various common diseases. For example, combined with arrhythmia, the ability of candidates to complete clinical tasks by using relevant basic medical knowledge, clinical manifestations of diseases, treatment principles, health assessment, nursing procedures, nursing professional knowledge, health education and other knowledge and skills is examined.
(4) Various common diseases involved in the examination.
Refers to the types of diseases that nurses care for patients at the beginning of clinical work. Its main classification basis is the tenth edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD- 10). The frequency of these diseases in the examination paper is related to the incidence of various diseases in clinic. When examining basic medical knowledge, nursing professional knowledge and skills, these diseases will appear as important information in the examination questions. The following diseases may occur in the examination.
1. circulatory system diseases, including: cardiac insufficiency, arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, hypertension, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, valvular heart disease, infective endocarditis, myocardial disease, pericardial disease, peripheral vascular disease, varicose veins of lower limbs, thromboangiitis obliterans and cardiac arrest.
2. Diseases of digestive system, including stomatitis, chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, ulcerative colitis, infantile diarrhea, intestinal obstruction (including intussusception, volvulus, intestinal adhesion), etc. ), acute appendicitis, abdominal hernia, hemorrhoids, anal fistula, perianal abscess, liver cirrhosis (including portal hypertension), liver abscess, hepatic encephalopathy, biliary tract infection, biliary tract fistula.
3. Respiratory diseases, including: acute upper respiratory tract infection (including acute infectious laryngitis), acute bronchitis, pneumonia (including adults and children, including bronchiolitis), bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, chronic pulmonary heart disease, hemopneumothorax (including spontaneous pneumothorax), respiratory failure (including acute and chronic) and acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Infectious diseases, including measles, chicken pox, mumps, viral hepatitis, AIDS, Japanese encephalitis, scarlet fever, bacillary dysentery, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis and tuberculosis (including lung, bone, kidney, intestinal tuberculosis and tuberculous meningitis).
5. Skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases, including furuncle, carbuncle, acute cellulitis, acute purulent infection of hand, acute lymphangitis and lymphadenitis.
6. Diseases during pregnancy, delivery and puerperium, including: normal delivery, normal puerperium, spontaneous abortion, premature delivery, cesarean section, overdue pregnancy, hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, placental abruption, placenta previa, abnormal amniotic fluid volume, multiple births and macrosomia, fetal distress, premature rupture of membranes, pregnancy complications, abnormal productivity, abnormal birth canal, abnormal fetal position and postpartum.
7. Diseases and diseases originating in perinatal period, neonatal and neonatal diseases, including: normal newborn, premature baby, neonatal asphyxia, neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, neonatal intracranial hemorrhage, neonatal jaundice, neonatal frostbite syndrome, neonatal omphalitis, neonatal hypoglycemia and neonatal hypocalcemia.
8. Urogenital diseases, including: glomerulonephritis (including acute and chronic diseases), nephrotic syndrome, renal failure (including acute and chronic diseases), urolithiasis (including kidney, ureter and bladder stones), urinary system injuries (including kidney, bladder and urethra injuries), urinary tract infections (pyelonephritis and cystitis), benign prostatic hyperplasia, vulvitis and vaginitis.
9. Mental disorders, including schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, hysteria, sleep disorder and Alzheimer's disease.
10. Injury and poisoning, including: trauma, burns (including chemical burns), heatstroke, drowning, foreign body in children's trachea, rib fracture, limb fracture, pelvic fracture, skull fracture, tetanus, bite (including poisonous snakes and dogs), abdominal injury, food poisoning, carbon monoxide poisoning, organophosphorus poisoning, sedative-hypnotic poisoning and alcoholism.
1 1. Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases, including: lumbago and leg pain, neck and shoulder pain, bone and joint purulent infection, spinal and spinal cord injury, joint dislocation, rheumatic fever, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and osteoporosis.
12. Tumors include: primary bronchial lung cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, primary liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, renal cancer, bladder cancer, thyroid cancer, breast cancer, hysteromyoma, cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, choriocarcinoma, mole and invasive mole, leukemia, osteosarcoma and intracranial tumor.
13. Hematopoietic organs and immune diseases, including: iron deficiency anemia, megaloblastic anemia, aplastic anemia, hemophilia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, allergic purpura and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
14. Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases, including: simple goiter, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, diabetes (including adults and children), gout, dyslipidemia and lipoproteinemia, malnutrition/insufficient calorie intake in protein, rickets due to vitamin D deficiency, and tetany due to vitamin D deficiency.
15. Nervous system diseases, including: increased intracranial pressure, acute cerebral hernia, scalp injury, brain injury, cerebral embolism, cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, transient cerebral ischemia (TIA), trigeminal neuralgia, acute demyelinating polyneuritis, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, purulent meningitis, viral meningoencephalitis and convulsions in children.
16. Factors affecting health status and their connection with health care institutions, life development health care, including: family planning, pregnancy health care, growth and development, child health care, adolescent health care, women's health care, and elderly health care.
(5) Other knowledge modules
The examination contents of basic nursing, interpersonal communication, laws and regulations, nursing management and ethics are as follows:
Third, the division of subjects
Nurse qualification examination includes two subjects: professional practice and practical ability. Examination content of professional practice subjects: the ability to use nursing related knowledge to complete nursing work effectively and safely. The examination covers medical knowledge related to health and diseases, basic nursing skills and clinical application ability of social and humanistic knowledge related to nursing. Practical ability test content: the ability to use nursing professional knowledge and skills to complete nursing tasks. The content of the examination involves clinical manifestations, treatment principles, health assessment, nursing procedures, clinical application of nursing professional knowledge, health education and other knowledge.
Fourth, description of problems and examples.
All the nurse qualification examinations adopt multiple-choice questions. All test questions consist of a stem and five options, of which only one is the correct answer, and the rest are interference answers. The interference answer may be partially correct or completely incorrect. When answering this question, candidates need to compare the options and find out the best or most suitable option. The examination adopts A 1, A2, A3/A4 questions. The descriptions and examples of various test questions are as follows:
(1) A 1 question (single sentence best multiple choice question)
A 1 type questions are characterized by concise questions, which examine the examinee's mastery of a single knowledge point.
Sample questions of type A 1: 1. After lumbar puncture, the time for the patient to lie on the pillow is
A. 1 ~ 2 hours
B.3 ~ 4 hours
C.4 ~ 6 hours
D. 10 ~ 12 hours
24 hours
(B) A2-type questions (best multiple-choice questions with abstract medical records)
Type A2 questions are characterized by describing a short medical record, which tests the examinee's analytical judgment ability.
A2 test questions: 2. The patient is a 30-year-old male. 30 minutes ago, he was admitted to the hospital with a fracture of the anterior cranial fossa caused by a car accident and was treated conservatively. The nursing measures for this patient are incorrect.
A the elevation of the bed head is 15 ~ 20.
B. wash the nasal cavity with antibiotic solution
C. don't block the nasal cavity
D. Prohibition of lumbar puncture
Keep the external auditory canal, oral cavity and nasal cavity clean.
(3) Class 3)A3 questions (the best multiple-choice questions in the medical record group)
Type A3 questions describe a patient-centered clinical scenario, and two or three independent questions at different test points are put forward according to relevant scenarios.
Sample questions of type A3: (3 ~ 5 * * *) The patient is a 40-year-old male. After a full meal, there was severe pain in the upper abdomen for 3 hours, accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Preliminary physical examination: conscious, flat abdomen, obvious tenderness of the whole abdomen, tabular rigidity, and disappearance of bowel sounds.
3. The triage nurse should first judge that the patient is most likely.
A. Acute abdomen, suspected pancreatitis
B. hysteria
C. Digestive tract infection, suspected typhoid fever
D. Central nervous system disease, suspected cerebral hernia
E. Trauma, suspected pelvic fracture
4. For triage nurses, the most appropriate treatment method is
A. Priority is given to emergency general surgery
B. Priority neurosurgery emergency
12C。 Emergency treatment is orderly.
D. Go home and continue to observe
E. Ask for further medical history
5. The most likely reason for the disappearance of bowel sounds is
A. Intestinal perforation
B. Intestinal blood supply disorder
C. Mechanical intestinal obstruction
D. I have a sharp pain in my abdomen and dare not breathe.
E. intestinal paralysis caused by inflammatory stimulation
(D) A4-type questions (best multiple-choice questions of medical records)
A4-type questions describe a single patient or family-centered clinical situation, and draw up 4-6 independent questions, which can gradually add some new information with the development of the disease to examine the comprehensive clinical ability.
A4-type test questions: (6 ~ 9 * * *) The patient is a 63-year-old male. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been diagnosed for nearly 10 years, and it always needs family care and daily life because of dyspnea. When I started defecation this morning, my shortness of breath suddenly increased obviously, accompanied by chest pain, and I was sent to the emergency department.
6. Pay special attention to asking when collecting medical history.
A. Location, nature and accompanying symptoms of chest pain
B. History of coronary heart disease and angina pectoris
C. Smoking history
D. Recent chest X-rays
Recent medication history, such as bronchodilators and antibiotics.
7. Physical examination should focus on
A. Lower lung boundary position and lower lung boundary activity
B. lung rales
C. pathological bronchial breath sounds
D. Bilateral comparison of chest percussion sound and breathing sound
E. carotid artery filling
8. The most valuable auxiliary examination for diagnosis is
A.b-ultrasound imaging
B. electrocardiogram
C.x-ray perspective or photography
D. nuclear magnetic resonance imaging
E. radionuclide lung scanning
9. 【 Hypothetical information 】 The left emphysema complicated with spontaneous pneumothorax was diagnosed by examination, and it was planned to be treated with water-sealed bottle drainage through thoracic intubation. Nurses should explain to patients that the main purpose of drainage is
A. Maintain severely damaged lung function and prevent respiratory failure.
B. Shorten hospitalization time
C. Preventing the formation of chronic pneumothorax
D. Prevention of secondary infection in thoracic cavity
E. prevent complications caused by disturbance of circulatory system.