1 spiritual guidance
Through communication with patients, observe their behavior, understand their hobbies and avoid classroom education. If they are free and easy, tolerant and gentle, they should be affirmed and praised to encourage them to keep a good attitude all the time. Let middle-aged people introduce their experience of interacting with others and take the initiative to drive patients around them to face diseases together. If they are introverted and withdrawn, they should be helped to actively coordinate with their surroundings, and through the transformation of roles, they can adapt to the new environment more quickly.
2 Dietary guidance
Generally speaking, a light diet with less oil, less salt and less sugar is appropriate, limiting animal fat, appropriate amount of protein such as fish and shrimp, and sufficient fruits and vegetables to achieve a balanced nutrition. No alcohol or tobacco. Avoid spicy and irritating foods, and a diet rich in cellulose is conducive to keeping defecation smooth. It is forbidden to go to bed immediately after meals; Eat more meals in small quantities, and don't be too full, so as to avoid slow stomach distension and peristalsis, affect digestion and absorption, limit the heart activity when the diaphragm moves up, and induce diseases due to insufficient blood supply to the coronary artery.
3 sports guidance
Life lies in exercise. The primary problem of preventing aging is to improve circulation. It is not good for the elderly not to exercise at all, nor is it good for them to exercise excessively. According to your own situation, it is appropriate to adjust the amount of exercise to be full of energy, emotional stability and no fatigue after daily activities. Generally, it can be started once a week 1 ~ 2 times; 15 ~ 20min each time. Gradually increase to 1 ~ 2 times a day; The time can reach more than 0.5h You can choose walking, doing exercises, playing Tai Ji Chuan, jogging, climbing stairs and other sports according to your own preferences.
pay attention to
(1) Exercise after meals or when you are hungry.
(2) Don't engage in strenuous activities.
(3) the activity time should not be too long
(4) The climate changes greatly, and neither too cold nor too hot is suitable for outdoor activities.
(5) Pay attention to whether there is discomfort such as chest tightness, palpitation, dyspnea and sweating during the activity. You should carry a first aid kit and a health card with you. If you feel the above discomfort, stop your activities in time, take appropriate first aid measures, and seek medical treatment if necessary.
4 sleep guidance
Middle-aged people sleep for about 6 hours, take a nap at noon for 0.5h hours, and easily lie on the right side. Avoid all kinds of bad stress. Constant stress can easily lead to insomnia. Keep the environment quiet before going to bed, drink a cup of warm milk, soak your feet with warm water, watch horror novels and TV before going to bed, listen to some elegant light music and gradually fall asleep peacefully. The action of getting up after waking up should advocate "three and a half minutes", that is, continue to lie flat for half a minute after waking up; Sit in bed for half a minute; Sit by the bed with your legs drooping for half a minute; Finally, go to the fields. Avoid causing cardiovascular diseases such as cerebral hemorrhage.
5 family guidance
So that the health guidance of elderly patients can finally achieve practical and effective goals, and the guidance of family members is also very important. We must work closely with our families to give patients the necessary intervention and change their unhealthy lifestyle.
6. Middle-aged people have four kinds of "inappropriate" drugs, and there are more than five kinds of drugs.
1. The dose should be small but not large.
2. There should be fewer varieties than more.
3. The course of treatment should be short rather than long.
4. the way should be biased towards the middle rather than the west.