Iron is one of the most essential trace elements in human body, which mainly exists in hemoglobin of cells and bears many important physiological functions.
When iron deficiency occurs, hemoglobin in red blood cells decreases, which is called "iron deficiency anemia". Iron deficiency anemia has a great influence on human health, especially on primary and secondary school students in the period of vigorous growth and development When suffering from iron deficiency anemia, it is mainly manifested as general weakness, fatigue, dizziness, excitability, irritability, poor appetite, inattention, decreased academic performance, pale face, and easy to catch a cold. Long-term anemia will also affect the development of intelligence and physique. Iron deficiency anemia is very common among teenagers and middle school students. About one third of the students suffer from iron deficiency anemia, mainly mild anemia. Adolescent girls are more prone to anemia because of menstrual cramps and iron loss.
The iron our bodies need comes from food. There are two kinds of iron in food, one is easily absorbed by the human body in animal foods such as meat and animal liver, and the utilization rate is also high; Another kind of iron exists in plant foods such as auricularia auricula and spinach, but this kind of iron is rarely absorbed by the human body and will soon be excreted. In addition, there are some substances in plant foods that are not conducive to the human body's absorption of iron.
The dietary structure of our country is mainly plant food, so the absorption and utilization of iron are relatively low. If we don't pay attention to a balanced diet, it's easy to lack iron. Many middle school students' unreasonable eating habits, picky eaters and partial eclipse are the important reasons for the high incidence of iron deficiency anemia in primary and middle school students in China.
The key to prevent and treat iron deficiency blood is to "improve eating habits and establish healthy eating behavior". Students should pay attention to diet and health care in daily life, and take more nutrients involved in erythropoiesis, such as vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin B2, folic acid, vitamin B 12, with the goal of increasing iron intake and bioavailability. Eat more diversified foods, including meat containing heme iron, poultry, fish and other grains, vegetables and fruits and other foods rich in vitamin C, and change bad habits such as partial eclipse and picky eaters; Minimize the inhibiting factors of iron absorption, such as reducing the intake of polyphenols (tea, coffee).
Iron deficiency anemia should be found and treated as soon as possible in order to achieve the goal of radical cure. Iron intake should be increased as soon as possible to correct anemia. Oral ferrous sulfate can quickly correct mild and moderate anemia in a short time, but to fundamentally reverse iron deficiency in the body, we must rely on rational nutrition, increase dietary iron absorption and other fundamental measures.