1. Carefully observe and reasonably select blood vessels.
Elderly patients often suffer from a variety of chronic diseases, with poor vascular condition, accompanied by vascular neuropathy, poor vascular circulation, large vascular fragility and arteriosclerosis. The blood vessel, puncture position and needle insertion angle should be reasonably selected according to the type and time of drugs used. From top to bottom, from far to near, blood vessels close to joints, sclerosis, infection and venous sinus should be avoided. Repeated puncture of blood vessels is strictly prohibited to ensure success once and avoid infection.
2. Infusion of high concentration and strong irritant drugs.
Before intravenous infusion 10min, hot compress with hot water towel on the puncture site of elderly patients can dilate and fill the local superficial blood vessels and reduce the pain and adverse reactions caused by vascular stimulation. In addition, after using the infusion warmer, the viscosity of the liquid can be reduced with the increase of temperature, thus increasing the flow rate and reducing the stimulation to the blood vessel wall, which is also an effective method to prevent or alleviate local symptoms and blood vessel injury.
3. Nursing in the process of infusion
Elderly patients often have many chronic diseases, such as slow response, speech communication disorder, pain, spasm and exudation during infusion, and the incidence of poor infusion is high. Therefore, nurses are required to be familiar with the performance, usage, pharmacological effects, adverse reactions and incompatibility of drugs, and arrange the infusion sequence reasonably. Patrol at any time during infusion to see if the blood vessels have cordless changes or thickening, redness and induration along the veins.
4. Psychological care
It is necessary to understand the psychological characteristics and existing problems of elderly patients, strengthen communication, carry out health education and psychological counseling according to their different psychological problems and cultural cognition of relevant knowledge, continuously improve their cognition, make elderly patients feel safe and satisfied, eliminate their tension, anxiety, fear and pessimism as soon as possible, and actively cooperate with treatment.