Guiding Opinions of the General Office of the State C
Guiding Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Promoting the Reform of Educational Methods in Senior High Schools in the New Period [2019] No.29.
People's governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, ministries and commissions and institutions directly under the State Council:
Ordinary high school education is an important part of the national education system and plays a key role in talent training. Running high school education well is of great significance for consolidating and popularizing compulsory education, enhancing the development potential of higher education and further improving the overall quality of the people. In order to implement the spirit of the National Education Conference, make overall plans to promote the new curriculum reform and comprehensive reform of college entrance examination in ordinary senior high schools, and comprehensively improve the quality of education in ordinary senior high schools, with the consent of the State Council, we hereby put forward the following opinions on promoting the reform of educational methods in ordinary senior high schools in the new period.
I. General requirements
(1) guiding ideology. Adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping's Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, thoroughly implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second and Third Plenary Sessions of the 19th Central Committee, comprehensively implement the Party's educational policy, implement the fundamental task of educating people with moral education, develop quality education, follow the educational laws, deepen the reform in key links and areas of educating people, and resolutely reverse the tendency of one-sided exam-oriented education around the work objectives of rallying people's hearts, improving personality, developing human resources, cultivating talents and benefiting the people. Effectively improve the education level, lay a good foundation for students to adapt to social life, receive higher education and future career development, and strive to cultivate socialist builders and successors with all-round development in morality, intelligence, physique and beauty.
(2) reform objectives. By 2022, the comprehensive training system of morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor will be further improved, and the implementation mechanism of Lide Shu Ren will be further improved. The new curriculum and teaching materials of ordinary senior high schools have been fully implemented, the education and teaching reform adapted to students' all-round development and personality development has been further promoted, the teaching management mechanism of selecting courses and leaving classes has been basically improved, the scientific education evaluation and examination enrollment system have been basically established, teachers and school conditions have been effectively guaranteed, and the diversified and characteristic development pattern of ordinary senior high schools has basically taken shape.
Second, build a comprehensive training system.
(3) Highlight the times of moral education. Adhere to the combination of moral education, cultural knowledge education and social practice education. Carry out Xi Jinping's ideological education of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, strengthen the education of ideals and beliefs, guide students to establish a correct view of the country, history, nationality and culture, earnestly enhance the "four self-confidences", deeply cultivate the thoughts and feelings of loving the party, patriotism and people, firmly listen to the party's words and follow the party's faith, and establish a lofty ambition to study hard for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Actively cultivate and practice socialist core values, carry out in-depth education on Chinese excellent traditional culture, strengthen moral education for students, and help students develop good personal morality and social morality. It is necessary to formulate the implementation plan of moral education in combination with the actual situation, highlight the key position of ideological and political courses, give full play to the moral education functions of various disciplines, and actively carry out activities such as party-mass organization activities, theme education, ritual education and practical education.
(4) Strengthen the cultivation of comprehensive quality. Improve scientific and cultural education, coordinate classroom study and extracurricular practice, strengthen experimental operation, build a scholarly campus, cultivate students' innovative thinking and practical ability, and enhance humanities literacy. Strengthen physical exercise, revise students' physical health standards and evaluation methods, enrich sports events and campus sports activities, cultivate sports interests and habits, and enable students to master 1-3 sports skills. Strengthen aesthetic education, actively carry out dance, drama, film and television, digital media art and other activities to cultivate students' artistic perception, creative expression, aesthetic ability and cultural understanding. Attach importance to labor education, formulate the guiding outline of labor education, and make overall plans to carry out productive, service and creative labor, so that students can develop labor habits, master labor skills and establish the quality of loving labor.
(5) Broaden the channels of comprehensive practice. We will improve the policy system for the effective development and allocation of social education resources, build a large classroom for students' social practice according to local conditions, and build a number of stable social practice bases for students. Give full play to the important educational role of patriotism, excellent traditional culture, military and national defense and other educational bases, as well as resources such as institutions of higher learning, scientific research institutions, modern enterprises, beautiful countryside and national parks, and open public facilities such as libraries, museums, science and technology museums, cultural centers, memorial halls, exhibition halls and sports fields to students free of charge or at preferential rates according to regulations. Regularly organize students to go deep into communities, hospitals, welfare homes, social assistance institutions, etc. Volunteer service, enter the military camp, and go deep into the countryside to carry out experience activities.
(6) Improve the comprehensive quality evaluation. Take comprehensive quality evaluation as an important system to develop quality education and change the way of educating people, and strengthen its important guiding role in promoting the all-round development of students. Strengthen the evaluation of students' patriotic feelings, law-abiding, innovative thinking, physical quality, aesthetic ability and labor practice. It is necessary to proceed from the reality of urban and rural schools, improve the implementation methods of comprehensive quality evaluation, establish an information management system for students' comprehensive quality evaluation with the province as the unit, unify the evaluation file style, and establish and improve the supervision and guarantee and integrity accountability system such as information confirmation, public complaints, appeal reconsideration and filing review. It is necessary to objectively, truly, concisely and effectively record the outstanding performance of students, and those who cheat in the evaluation of students' comprehensive quality should be seriously investigated for responsibility according to the rules and regulations.
Third, optimize curriculum implementation.
(seven) the full implementation of new courses and new teaching materials. All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) should combine the comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination, formulate the implementation plan of the new curriculum for ordinary high schools, and fully implement the new curriculum and use new textbooks before 2022. Organize demonstration training, full-time training for principals and teachers, and special training for poverty-stricken areas in the central and western regions. Select a number of new curriculum training base schools, carry out exchanges and follow-up study between principals and teachers, and help weak high schools. Select a number of new courses and teaching materials to implement demonstration schools in the demonstration area and play a leading role in demonstration.
(8) Improve school curriculum management. According to the curriculum plan of ordinary senior high schools, courses of various subjects will be arranged reasonably for three years, and courses such as physical education, health, fine arts, comprehensive practical activities and physical and chemical experiments will be started together. Strengthen the construction of school characteristic courses, and actively carry out community activities such as campus sports, art, reading, writing, speech, and scientific and technological innovation. Encourage ordinary high schools and secondary vocational schools to choose courses, recognize credits and exchange resources, and promote the integration and development of general education and vocational education. Strict credit recognition management, students who fail to complete the corresponding credits according to the curriculum plan shall not be awarded a high school diploma. Strengthen the supervision of curriculum implementation, implement the principal's main responsibility, and strengthen the accountability.
Fourth, innovate teaching organization and management.
(9) Promote orderly course selection. In order to adapt to the new curriculum reform and comprehensive reform of college entrance examination in ordinary senior high schools, according to the discipline talent training law, the requirements of college enrollment and examination subjects and students' interests and specialties, courses are selected in an orderly manner according to local conditions to meet students' different development needs. Guide schools to formulate guidelines for course selection and shift, develop course arrangement information management system, increase overall planning for course arrangement, student management, teacher deployment and teaching facilities configuration, improve teaching management level and resource utilization efficiency, and build a standardized, orderly, scientific and efficient course selection and shift operation mechanism. Strengthen class management and collectivism education, strengthen teachers' responsibilities, and give full play to autonomous management's role.
(10) Deepen the reform of classroom teaching. Implement teaching step by step according to the teaching plan, improve classroom teaching efficiency, cultivate students' learning ability, promote students to systematically master the basic knowledge, skills and methods of various disciplines, and cultivate correct values, necessary characters and key abilities to meet the needs of lifelong development and social development. Actively explore interactive, heuristic, inquiry-based and experiential classroom teaching based on situation and problem orientation, pay attention to strengthening interdisciplinary comprehensive teaching such as project research, project design and research-based learning, and earnestly carry out verification experiments and inquiry experiments. Improve the quality of homework design, carefully design basic homework, and appropriately increase exploratory, practical and comprehensive homework. Actively promote the application of excellent teaching achievements, promote the deep integration of information technology and education and teaching, and strengthen teaching research and guidance.
(1 1) Optimize teaching management. Improve the teaching management norms of ordinary high schools, implement the supervision responsibilities of cities and counties, and strengthen the routine management of teaching. Strict implementation of the teaching plan, it is strictly forbidden to exceed the standard of teaching, catch up with the teaching progress and end the course ahead of schedule, and it is strictly forbidden to organize paid make-up classes to effectively reduce the excessive academic burden of students. Reduce senior high school unified exams and daily exams, strengthen the analysis of exam data, give serious feedback, and guide teaching improvement.
Fifth, strengthen the guidance of students' development.
(twelve) pay attention to the actual effect of guidance. Strengthen the guidance of students' ideals, psychology, study, life and career planning, help students establish correct ideals and beliefs, correctly understand themselves, better adapt to high school study life, handle the relationship between personal interests and national and social needs, and improve their ability to choose elective courses, subjects, majors and future development directions.
(13) Improve the guidance mechanism. All localities should formulate guidance on student development, guide schools to establish a student development guidance system, and strengthen the training of instructors. Ordinary high schools should clarify the guidance institutions, establish a team of full-time and part-time guidance teachers, and guide students through the infiltration of subject teaching, offering guidance courses, holding special lectures, and developing professional experience. Pay attention to the use of various social resources such as universities, scientific research institutions and enterprises, and build a collaborative guidance mechanism for schools, families and society. Colleges and universities should introduce the major setting, selection requirements, training objectives and employment direction to high school schools through various means, and provide advice and help to students.
Sixth, improve the examination enrollment system.
(fourteen) standardize the academic level examination. Ordinary high school academic proficiency test mainly tests the degree to which students meet the learning requirements stipulated by the state, and the test scores are an important basis for students to graduate and enter higher schools. In addition to the comprehensive practical activity curriculum into the comprehensive quality evaluation, other subjects stipulated in the national curriculum plan are subject to the qualification examination, and the examination content is compulsory. Qualification examinations for foreign languages, politics, history, geography, physics, chemistry and other subjects are organized by the provincial level, and unified organization and implementation are encouraged. Where conditions permit, the technical subjects and experimental operations of physics and chemistry students will be included in the provincial unified examination. Physical education and health subject qualification examination shall be organized and implemented by the local city in accordance with the requirements of the province; The art (or music, art) qualification examination shall be organized and implemented by the institutions determined by the provincial level. The provincial unified organization and implementation of the qualification examination should be arranged at the end of the semester, and the number of subjects for senior one students to take the examination should not exceed 4 in principle. The subjects of the academic level examination required by college enrollment are selected, and the contents of the examination are mandatory and optional, which are organized and implemented by the provincial level.
(fifteen) deepen the reform of examination questions. The academic level selective examination and the national unified examination for college enrollment should be based on the curriculum standards of ordinary high schools and the requirements for talent selection in colleges and universities, and the provinces that implement the new curriculum of ordinary high schools will no longer formulate examination outlines. Optimize the examination content, highlight the orientation of moral education, and pay attention to students' ability to analyze and solve problems by using what they have learned. Innovate the form of test questions, strengthen the situational design, pay attention to connecting with the reality of social life, and increase comprehensive, open, applied and exploratory test questions. Scientifically set the difficulty of examination questions, and the proposition should meet the corresponding academic quality standards and reflect different examination functions. Strengthen the construction of proposition ability, optimize the structure of proposition personnel, speed up the construction of question bank, establish proposition evaluation system and improve the quality of proposition.
(sixteen) steadily promote the reform of college enrollment. Further improve the college enrollment mechanism of classified examination, comprehensive evaluation and multiple admission, gradually change the tendency of admitting students only by examination results, guide senior high schools to change the way of educating people and develop quality education. Strengthen the capacity building of college enrollment, and constantly improve the scientific and professional level of enrollment. Colleges and universities should constantly improve the subject requirements for enrollment majors according to the talent training objectives and the basic needs of professional learning, combined with the selection of students in the provinces where the comprehensive reform of college entrance examination is implemented; Take the comprehensive quality evaluation as an important reference for enrollment, and fully consider the differences between urban and rural areas and the characteristics of different student groups, study and formulate the methods for the use of comprehensive quality evaluation of senior high school students, and announce them to the public in advance.
Seven, strengthen the guarantee of teachers and conditions.
(seventeen) to strengthen the construction of teachers. All localities should further strengthen the preparation and overall deployment, and complete the approval of the establishment of teaching staff in ordinary high schools before the end of 2020 to meet the teaching needs of selecting courses and leaving classes. All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) should improve the management methods of performance pay in ordinary high schools, give appropriate tilt when approving the total performance pay, and guide schools to improve the distribution methods. Innovate teacher training methods, and strive to improve teachers' new curriculum implementation, student development guidance and teaching management capabilities.
(eighteen) improve the conditions of school buildings. All localities should improve school construction planning, expand educational resources and optimize the functions of school buildings. It is necessary to formulate preferential policies, establish green channels, and speed up project approval and construction progress. Where conditions permit, subject classrooms, innovative laboratories and community activity rooms should be built to promote the construction of digital campuses. All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) should formulate a special plan to eliminate large classes in ordinary high schools and report it to the Ministry of Education for the record before the end of 20 19 12. Revise the construction standards and equipment standards of ordinary high schools, continue to implement the construction projects of ordinary high schools in counties with weak educational foundation, and increase the implementation of the transformation plan of ordinary high schools.
(nineteen) improve the funding mechanism. All provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) should improve the investment mechanism of ordinary high school construction funds and clarify that provinces, cities and counties share responsibilities. On the premise of strictly observing the government debt management regulations, raise funds for the construction of ordinary high schools through multiple channels. Scientifically verify the training cost of ordinary high schools and improve the allocation system of public funds per student. The allocation standard of public funds per student should reach more than RMB 1 10,000 per student per year in 2020, and some areas with real difficulties can be extended to 2022. Improve the cost-sharing mechanism, appropriately adjust the tuition standard according to the prescribed procedures, and establish the allocation standard of public funds per student and the dynamic adjustment mechanism of tuition standard.
Eight, strengthen organizational leadership.
(20) Adhere to the overall leadership of the Party. All localities should attach great importance to ordinary high school education, comprehensively strengthen the leadership of the party, strengthen the overall planning of provincial governments, and implement the responsibility of cities and counties to hold ordinary high school education. Local governments at all levels should put the reform of educational methods in ordinary senior high schools on the important agenda, deeply study the outstanding problems existing in the reform and development of ordinary senior high schools, especially the shortage of teachers and school resources under the background of comprehensive reform of college entrance examination, and take effective measures to solve them. It is necessary to establish a correct view of political achievements and a scientific view of education quality, improve the assessment and incentive methods for schools and teachers, and strictly prohibit giving schools entrance examination indicators or simply assessing and rewarding schools and teachers by the enrollment rate. It is necessary to strengthen the construction of party organizations in ordinary high schools and give play to the leading role of party organizations in leading the direction, managing the overall situation and ensuring implementation.
(twenty-one) a clear division of labor. Education departments at all levels should strengthen coordination and communication with relevant departments to promote the implementation of various reform measures. Organizational departments should strengthen overall planning and do a good job in the examination and approval of the establishment of teaching staff in ordinary high schools. The development and reform department should support the construction of ordinary high school projects and establish and implement a dynamic adjustment mechanism for tuition standards. The financial department should actively improve the funding guarantee mechanism of ordinary high schools. Human resources and social security departments should support ordinary high schools to supplement teachers in time and improve the methods for checking the total amount of performance pay in ordinary high schools. The natural resources department should ensure the land for school construction. The housing and urban-rural construction department will revise and improve the construction standards of ordinary high schools in conjunction with the education department.
(twenty-two) to strengthen the evaluation and supervision. The state formulates the evaluation standards for the quality of running ordinary high schools and improves the means of quality monitoring. The State Council Education Steering Committee should take promoting the reform and development of ordinary senior high school education as an important part of supervising and evaluating the provincial people's governments to perform their educational duties, especially focusing on the construction of school resources, the guarantee of teachers, the settlement of large classes, and the management of the use of funds. Provincial education supervision departments should strengthen the supervision of the city and county governments to perform their corresponding duties. It is necessary to take the results of supervision and inspection as an important basis for evaluating the performance of government duties, strengthen accountability for problems found, and make rectification within a time limit.
(twenty-three) to create a good environment. Promoting the reform of educational methods in ordinary senior high schools is a complex systematic project. All localities should unify their thinking, strengthen overall planning and form a joint force. It is necessary to strengthen family education guidance and guide parents to care about their children's physical and mental health and all-round development. It is necessary to adhere to the correct direction of public opinion, interpret relevant policies in a timely manner, thoroughly publicize the correct educational concepts and typical experiences in various places, strictly prohibit speculation on the enrollment rate and the first place in the college entrance examination, and actively create a good atmosphere conducive to promoting reform.
the General Office of the State Council
201June 9 1 1