Gastroscopy can not only directly observe the surface of gastric mucosa with naked eyes, but also do pathological biopsy of gastric mucosa, so as to confirm the correctness of the diseases seen, judge the degree of chronic gastritis, distinguish benign and malignant ulcer lesions, determine the causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and find gastric cancer early. Some cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and gastric polyps can still be treated under gastroscope.
At present, there are two ways to choose gastroscope, ordinary gastroscope and painless gastroscope. The main difference between ordinary gastroscope and painless gastroscope lies in the different anesthesia methods. Traditional general gastroscopes mostly use oral anesthetics, while painless gastroscopes use intravenous anesthetics. In the process of gastroscopy, the former will have obvious foreign body sensation and sore throat and esophagus, and will aggravate the adverse symptoms such as reflex nausea, vomiting, acid reflux and heartburn. Later subjects will fall into deep sleep, which can not only alleviate the discomfort during the exam, but also avoid the mental stress from affecting the exam results. The traditional general gastroscopy process takes about 10 minutes, while painless gastroscopy takes 10-20 minutes to complete the whole inspection process.
So, what should I pay attention to before doing gastroscopy?
(1) Fasting. Generally speaking, patients need to fast for six hours or more and drink water for four hours or more. If you have a gastroscope in the morning, you can eat some digestible liquid food before 8 pm the day before the examination, and drink water properly between 8 pm and 12 pm, and neither water nor food can enter after 12 pm. If you do gastroscopy in the afternoon, you should choose to have breakfast at or before six o'clock that day. If it is past six o'clock, you can't drink water or eat.
(2) Smoking is prohibited. Smoking will lead to excessive gastric acid secretion, which will affect the test results. Therefore, it is best not to smoke for three days before gastroscopy, which can facilitate observation or discovery of lesions and avoid the pain caused by smoking and coughing when inserting gastroscope.
(3) In order to reduce the patient's nervousness and stomach peristalsis and secretion, some drugs and sedatives can be given to the patient about 20-30 minutes before gastroscopy to help gastroscopy.
(4) Gastroscopy generally takes about 5- 10 minutes, which is very short, so don't be too worried and nervous, and keep a calm mind.
After the gastroscopy, you still need to pay attention to these:
① Pharyngeal anesthesia is still working within half an hour after gastroscopy is completed. Don't drink water or eat at this time, so as not to cause aspiration pneumonia by choking. After the examination, you can eat warm and cool liquid or semi-liquid diet every 1-2 hours, and you can return to normal diet the next day.
② There may be pain or foreign body sensation in the pharynx, including watermelon frost buccal tablets and Caoshanhu buccal tablets, and the symptoms can be alleviated or disappeared.
③ Most of the sore throat caused by examination and a small amount of bleeding after taking gastric mucosa samples can be cured, so don't worry. If you have black stool after the examination, you should go to the hospital to see a doctor.
④ Patients who have undergone biopsy, especially the elderly, should eat semi-liquid food within 65,438+0-2 days after the examination, avoid eating cold, hard and irritating food, and prohibit smoking, drinking alcohol and drinking strong coffee to avoid bleeding from the wound, and pay attention to whether there is black stool (asphalt or asphalt-like, which is the phenomenon of upper gastrointestinal bleeding). If you have black stool, you should go to the hospital in time.
The doctor reminded that there are serious heart and lung diseases; Suspected critical patients such as shock and digestive tract perforation; Suffering from mental illness, unable to cooperate with endoscopy; Patients with acute inflammation of digestive tract, especially corrosive inflammation; Patients with obvious thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm and stroke can't do gastroscopy. (Xiao Liwen)