What should personal hygiene of cosmetics have?

Requirements and hygienic measures to avoid cosmetics from affecting human health. Cosmetics are mostly made of a variety of chemicals. Cosmetics with qualified quality have the functions of moistening and nourishing skin, cleaning and removing dirt, emitting fragrance, etc., and play a beauty role. Cosmetics with substandard hygiene quality will have adverse effects after use; For example, when the residues of harmful substances such as acid, alkali, lead, mercury and arsenic in some cosmetics exceed a certain standard, after being applied to the skin surface, if the skin is irradiated by sunlight and ultraviolet rays, these components will undergo chemical changes, leading to photodermatitis, itching, redness or pigmentation on the face. Some lipsticks made of industrial raw materials contain toxic substance chromium oxide, which will be swallowed with saliva or food after application. Long-term use will have an impact on human internal organs and hematopoietic function. Although some cosmetics do not contain harmful chemical residues, the raw materials themselves contain too many germs, which may also cause skin infections or allergies after use. Hair dye contains aniline. After adding hydrogen peroxide (commonly known as hydrogen peroxide), applying it to hair can denature protein and form various colors. About 25 million people (mostly women) in the United States dye their hair. The relationship between hair dye and tumorigenesis is controversial. Some scholars believe that hair dyes have nothing to do with human tumors because there is no direct evidence. However, it is reported that 90%( 150/ 169) of the oxidized permanent hair dyes are mutagenic, and a few of them have been proved by animal experiments to induce tumors and can also cause poisoning through skin absorption. Epidemiological research data show that long-term use or occupational exposure to hair dyes is related to the occurrence of some tumors, such as the high proportion of breast cancer patients in postmenopausal women. After statistical analysis of the death of female beauticians, excluding age, race, smoking and other factors, it is found that the incidence of various tumors, especially lung cancer, is high among the female beauticians surveyed. The United States reported that hairdressers and beauticians exposed to aniline had a higher incidence of bladder cancer.

In addition, it must be pointed out that people's skin color has a lot to do with race and genetic factors.

There are melanocytes in the basal cell layer of human skin epidermis Melanocytes contain tyrosinase, which can oxidize tyrosine to form melanosome. This kind of cell particle is the key factor to determine skin color, which can't be changed by any cosmetics. Some advertisements claim that cosmetics with the functions of "whitening" and "removing spots" are just temporarily covering up skin color. With the increase of age, collagen fibers and elastic fibers in subcutaneous tissue will gradually age and lose elasticity. No cosmetics can reverse the aging process of skin. Even cosmetics with anti-wrinkle cream added with vitamin A acid can only reduce wrinkles to a certain extent, but they will never disappear. In a word, using cosmetics can beautify the face, but this is temporary. At present, there is no cosmetic that can remain young forever after use.

Chemical composition and classification of cosmetics

Among the cosmetics sold in China, there are more than 200 kinds of chemical raw materials used by domestic manufacturers and more than 500 kinds of chemical raw materials used by importers. The chemical components of cosmetics mainly include oil ester, wax, fatty acid, alcohol, emulsifier, preservative (aldehyde), essence, organic solvent, hydrolyzed protein salt, acid, alkali, inorganic salt and so on. Some cosmetics also add a certain amount of nutritional tonics and drugs (including traditional Chinese medicine and even hormones). There are many kinds of cosmetics, and there is no clear and unified classification standard. It can be roughly divided into four categories: skin care, hair care, beauty and curative effect.

Regulations on Hygienic Management of Cosmetics

General cosmetics production technology and equipment are relatively simple, with small investment, large market demand and fast investment, so there are many varieties and great competition. Unqualified cosmetics are also easy to enter the market. In order to safeguard the interests of consumers and ensure people's health and safety, the production and sale of cosmetics must have hygienic inspection standards. Hygienic inspection of cosmetics includes the following aspects: specification of raw material selection, determination of harmful and toxic residues, microbial content and toxicological indicators (see table). The specific data requirements of some health inspection standards are similar to those of medicines and foods.