It is because of the symptoms of the disease that I went to the corresponding department of the hospital for the relevant physical examination, which aims at the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
2. Social physical examination
That is, the physical examination for admission, entry, going abroad, joining the army or engaging in special industries is a physical examination for a specific job or behavior.
Step 3 have a physical examination
Physical examination of healthy or sub-healthy people who are not sick, newly sick or about to get sick, or "preventive health examination".
Physical examination can understand the health status of the examinee, make clear whether there are any abnormal signs in the body, and thus find out the disease clues and health hidden dangers early. Some abnormal signs belong to physiological variation (different from pathological variation, normal people can also appear, not diseases), and regular review is enough; Some abnormal signs may be disease risk factors, which need to be intervened and corrected by health promotion means; Moreover, some signs are the basis of disease diagnosis and need further examination and diagnosis.
80% of malignant tumors were not found early.
With the increase of age, the probability of human suffering from certain diseases will increase exponentially. Some special industries have to bear the risk of "occupational diseases", and the pressure of life is increasing, which leads to the spread of many diseases to younger groups. Most of these diseases have no obvious symptoms in the early stage, but they often have serious consequences. For many diseases, early detection and timely treatment are the key to determine the prognosis.
At present, the disease with the highest annual mortality rate in China is malignant tumor. According to the current medical technology, 80%-90% of malignant tumors can be cured if they can be found early, and most early cancers can be eradicated by surgery and survive for a long time. For example, the 5-year survival rate of early detection of primary esophageal cancer is 90%~95%, the 5-year survival rate of early gastric cancer is above 9 1%, the cure rate of early breast cancer is above 95%, the survival rate of early detection of cervical cancer can reach 90%, and the early intestinal cancer can be cured by 80%.
But unfortunately, almost 80% of malignant tumors were not found in the early stage. This is not because of our medical technology and medical level, but because some diseases have no symptoms in the early stage and are often easily overlooked.
According to the national cancer registration database, about 60% of cancer deaths in China can be prevented and avoided (65.9% for men and 42.8% for women); About 30-40% in developed countries. Some of them can be avoided by preventing factors that induce cancer, such as smoking, drinking and infection. Many early hidden diseases can also be found through regular physical examination, and early intervention can be carried out to control the development of diseases.
Physical examination is useless and hurts the body?
Many experts and scientific research institutions have different views on health examination. They believe that physical examination not only has no effect on reducing mortality, but also useless physical examination items will harm the health of normal people.
Academician Han Qide of Chinese Academy of Sciences put forward a subversive viewpoint in the report of 20 14 "Control of Disease Risk Factors and Disease Screening": "Except for the elderly, whether people do physical examination has little effect on the final mortality."
Not long ago, there was an article "Is the physical examination useless and harmful to the body?" Why does the United States suggest not to have a physical examination casually? It is pointed out: "Regular physical examinations, including' health care', without special reasons have no effect on reducing morbidity, mortality or hospitalization rate, but unnecessary examinations have caused potential harm."
However, after careful study of the above viewpoints, we can find that their foothold is more about making suggestions on the status quo of China's health examination system, rather than saying that the general population does not need health examination.
In fact, only effective physical examination can play a role, otherwise frequent physical examination and too many physical examination items will only waste medical resources and endanger human health to some extent. For example, receiving too much CT radiation due to excessive physical examination will increase the risk of cancer. For women under 2 1 year old and over 65 years old, some examinations such as cervical smear examination are unnecessary, but for non-children and non-pregnant women, taking chest X-ray as a routine physical examination will not harm their health.
In the process of physical examination, sometimes some benign results are exaggerated. Physical examination institutions or medical institutions use the asymmetry of knowledge to profit from it and guide patients to do expensive invasive surgery. Results No serious problems were found, which brought panic to the subjects and damaged their physical and mental health. Therefore, it is best to rely on professional doctors to deeply interpret the physical examination report in order to obtain reliable health assessment and suggestions.