Rule 1: Vaccination is essential before going abroad.
In order to avoid all kinds of infectious diseases, you can refer to the environment of the tourist destination before going out, give necessary vaccinations before going out, such as influenza vaccine, hepatitis A and B vaccine, tetanus and diphtheria vaccine, and take antimalarial drugs to avoid infectious diseases.
Rule number two: drink plenty of water.
Replenish more water when traveling, which can reduce the chance of gastrointestinal discomfort; Drinking plenty of water can moisturize the skin and make photos more beautiful; Drink plenty of water on the plane to reduce the chance of being infected by germs; Patients with hypertension and ischemic heart disease need to replenish more water when traveling, and should always pay attention to sleep and blood pressure. Boiled water and sterilized tap water are the most ideal drinking water during the journey, followed by mountain spring and deep well water, and raw water is not drinkable. When there is no qualified water to drink, you can use melons and fruits instead. Melons and fruits must be washed or peeled before eating, because melons and fruits are not only polluted by pesticides, but also by germs or parasites during picking and selling.
Rule 3: When flying long distances, you should exercise in time.
After a long flight, I often feel sore all over and swollen lower limbs after arriving at my destination. You can get up every hour, do simple stretching exercises, and gently massage your calves, neck and back to relieve the pain and edema of your lower limbs after sitting for a long time and prevent venous embolism. Especially remind patients with ischemic heart disease and hypertension that sitting in a chair for a long time is easy to cause leg vascular embolism, which in turn leads to pulmonary embolism and sudden death, so be sure to get up and walk every once in a while.
Rule 4: Eating gum and yawning can reduce tinnitus during takeoff and landing.
Whenever the plane takes off and lands, it often has tinnitus, earache, earplugs or dizziness. You can take a pack of chewing gum with you and let your mouth chew it to alleviate this phenomenon. However, if you have a bad cold, chronic hearing impairment or poor eustachian tube function, you should seek medical advice before boarding the plane, otherwise it will aggravate the uncomfortable situation.
Rule 5: Wash your hands more, avoid drinking raw food and contact with wild animals and plants.
I am most afraid of eating a bad stomach during travel, which will affect my physical strength and destroy my travel mood. "Wash your hands more" is the only way to prevent gastrointestinal infection. Avoiding drinking raw food can reduce the chance of infection.
Rule 6: basking in the sun after arriving at the destination can alleviate the problem of jet lag.
During the trip, many people feel that day and night are upside down because of the time difference. In this case, you can bask in the sun after you arrive at your destination, which can alleviate the problem of jet lag. This is because the body's biological clock will adjust itself with the rise and fall of the sun. If this still keeps you awake, you can take a small amount of sleeping pills to help you fall asleep.
Rule 7: Get enough sleep, maintain physical strength, walk more, and apply hot compress to relieve soreness.
It is inevitable to walk more when traveling, so it is very important to get enough sleep, especially for patients with cardiovascular diseases, to avoid a sudden increase in blood pressure. In a changing environment, adequate sleep can reduce the chances of acne and dark circles on the skin. If the legs and feet are really sore, it is recommended to soak in hot water massage to relieve the pain.
Rule 8: Take sunscreen and skin care measures and leave good memories.
During the journey, skin is the first personal alarm because of the changes in the environment and daily life. If you go to a hot and humid country, you should take good sun protection measures. If you go to a cold country, you should pay attention to skin frostbite and improve the oiliness of skin care products. If your face is flawless, your memories will be better.
Rule 9: Prepare enough medicine.
People with various health problems during travel, especially those with cardiovascular diseases, chronic diseases or allergies, must prepare enough medicines before going out. Patients can take medicine at the doctor's office for up to two months with air tickets. You'd better talk to the doctor before going abroad and take preventive measures. Patients with musculoskeletal diseases should be prepared for internal and external use, and rehabilitation products such as knee pads should be prepared.
Rule 10: Be fully prepared and travel abroad without worry.
Before traveling abroad, you can get local climate, environmental sanitation and epidemic information. You can check online and bring some standing medicines, such as motion sickness medicine, antiallergic medicine, cold medicine, gastrointestinal medicine, disinfectant and skin care products. , so as to ensure health. Take a medicine box with you when traveling. The antiviral drug Radix Isatidis granule is suitable for clearing away heat and toxic materials, and has antiviral effect. Mainly used for colds, upper respiratory tract infections and pharyngitis.
Commonly used drugs in respiratory system, such as Xiao Su Shangfeng Capsule, Yinqiao Jiedu Tablet, Compound Gancao Tablet, Compound Chuanbei Tablet and Liushen Pill, are suitable for detumescence and detoxification, and are used for acute tonsillitis, pharyngitis, carbuncle and furuncle.
Antibiotics such as cefalexin capsules, acetylspiramycin tablets, tetracycline tablets and compound sulfamethoxazole are suitable for all kinds of inflammation, respiratory tract, urinary tract and digestive tract infections. Berberine tablets are suitable for intestinal infection. Niuhuang Jiedu Tablet is suitable for clearing away heat and toxic materials, resisting bacteria and diminishing inflammation, and is used for pharyngitis, tonsillitis, gingivitis, oral ulcer, etc. Caoshanhu buccal tablets are suitable for antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic and analgesic effects, and are used for oral and throat inflammation.
Drugs commonly used in digestive system, such as metoclopramide, metoclopramide and multi-enzyme tablets, are suitable for gastric ulcer, stomachache, vomiting, belching, hyperacidity and abdominal distension, helping digestion and stimulating appetite.
Anti-motion sickness, boat medicine such as riding dizziness, riding dizziness. Anti-allergic drugs such as Ximin tablets, chlorpheniramine and paracetamol tablets. Ren Dan, cooling oil, ten drops of water, zedoary turmeric oil, essential balm and Baihua oil are suitable for heatstroke prevention, cooling and refreshing.
The traumatology medicine Zhenghonghua Oil, Qufeng Oil, Yunnan Baiyao and Musk Da Die Shi Feng Ointment are suitable for sprain and contusion, knife wound, scald, burn, heartache, rheumatic osteodynia, numbness of limbs, lumbago, head wind swelling and pain, mosquito bite, etc.
Emergency self-help of sudden diseases in tourism
Angina Pectoris: People with a history of angina pectoris should take emergency medicine with them when traveling. In case of angina pectoris, let the patient sit still first, and quickly give nitroglycerin tablets or jiuxin pills and other symptomatic tablets to relieve the condition.
Cardiogenic asthma: running around is very tired and often induces cardiogenic asthma. Patients should take the semi-recumbent position first, and then bind the three limbs with cloth belts in turn, and replace them every 5 minutes, which can effectively reduce the amount of blood flowing back to the heart, reduce the burden on the heart and relieve symptoms.
Bronchial asthma: People with a history of asthma should have drugs such as Chuankangsu when traveling, because flowers and plants in tourist attractions may induce asthma. Once asthma attacks, it should be sprayed on the throat immediately to relieve asthma, which generally works.
Gallbladder colic: If you eat too much high-fat food during the trip, it is easy to induce acute gallstone colic. At the onset, the patient should lie on his back, quickly apply a hot water bag to the right upper abdomen, or press the Zusanli point with his thumb to relieve the pain.
Acute gastroenteritis: It is easy to cause acute gastroenteritis due to unclean food or drinking water during the journey. If vomiting, diarrhea and severe abdominal pain occur, furazolidone, berberine or norfloxacin can be taken orally, or garlic can be crushed and taken.
Joint sprain: It is forbidden to rub and massage immediately after accidental joint sprain. The injured part should be immediately compressed with cold water or ice 15 to 20 minutes to reduce swelling. Then tie the sprain with a handkerchief or bandage to minimize activities.
Sudden fainting: Do not move the patient. Take the supine position and lean to one side, loosen the belt and collar button, and observe the pulse and breathing changes. If the breathing and pulse are normal, you can stimulate Renzhong point with your thumb to wake it up; If breathing stops, mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and chest compressions should be performed immediately for first aid.
Acute pancreatitis: Some people suffer from acute pancreatitis caused by overeating while traveling, which is characterized by severe pain in the upper abdomen, accompanied by vomiting, sweating and pallor. Drinking water and diet should be strictly prohibited after the onset. Press Zusanli and Hegu points with your thumb or forefinger and immediately send them to hospital for treatment.
Field travel first aid
Bitten by poisonous snakes and insects, if bitten by poisonous snakes in the wild, patients will have symptoms such as bleeding, local redness and pain, and even die within a few hours. At this time, it is necessary to quickly tie the upper part of the wound with cloth, handkerchief and tie. Prevent the spread of snake venom, then cut a knife with a length of 1 cm and a depth of about 0.5 cm at the wound with a sterilized knife, and suck out the venom with your mouth. If the oral mucosa is not damaged, its digestive juice can play a neutralizing role, so there is no need to worry about poisoning.
After being bitten or stung by insects, apply cold compress with ice or cold water, and then apply ammonia water to the wound. If you are stung by a bee, pull out the sting with tweezers, etc. Then apply ammonia or milk.
When fracture or dislocation occurs, it should be fixed with splint and then cold compressed. When you fall from a tree or rock and hurt your spine, put the patient on a flat and solid stretcher to prevent him from shaking, and then take him to the hospital.
Wrap the wound with a towel. Mild bleeding can be stopped by compression, and released every 1 0 minute after1hour to ensure blood circulation.
Food poisoning eating rotten food by mistake, in addition to abdominal pain and diarrhea, is accompanied by symptoms such as fever and fatigue. You should drink more drinks or salt water, or vomit the food.
Health tips for travelers
Women-more maintenance, less makeup
Pay attention to skin care: the air humidity in the plane or train is about 20% less than normal. Take a moisturizer with you when traveling and replenish your skin regularly. At the same time, pay attention to drink plenty of water to maintain the body's need for water. However, it is not appropriate to use fruit acid skin care products, because after using fruit acid skin care products, there will generally be some small dandruff on the face, revealing new skin. Newborn skin can't stand the scorching sun. If it is caressed by strong sunlight, it is easy to get burned.
Attention should be paid to eye care: the skin around the eyes is extremely thin and sensitive, so it needs special protection. Once you feel dry around your eyes, you should immediately apply eye cream or jelly, which can effectively prevent the formation of fine wrinkles. Especially when your eyes feel sleepy, you should rest immediately. Although the time is not long, the eye protection effect is excellent. Pay attention to oral care: because there are no sebaceous glands on the lips, it is easier to lose moisture or chapped. The most effective way is to constantly moisturize your lips with lip balm, and always drink water to moisturize your lips. When choosing lip balm, it is best to choose lip balm containing anti-ultraviolet components, and the color is elegant.
Pay attention to hair care: dry air during the trip is very harmful to hair, mainly manifested as itchy hair and static electricity when combing hair. Therefore, it is best to go to the hair salon for a comprehensive maintenance before leaving. When going out, try to use an antistatic comb.
Children-more fixation, less haste
Children have poor resistance and patience. When traveling abroad, we should pay attention to the following points: choose tourist attractions with good sanitary conditions and convenient transportation. Choose a fixed-point tour, avoid running around and change hotels every day. Choose a safe project suitable for your baby.
Children's clothing, food, medicines, trolleys, etc. You should get ready before you go. Babies who drink milk should bring multiple bottles to change, and they should be disinfected and washed with hot water when they return to the hotel at night, and they should also bring hot water bottles. Don't let children eat cold food, such as salad, ice water, etc.
When traveling, babies can hold or let them sit in wheelbarrows, and all walking children should be assisted by adults. Children are active, don't know what is dangerous, and naughty is not easy to control, so bruises, falls, sprains and even fractures may occur during travel. Parents should teach their children what not to do and pay close attention to their actions.
When flying or taking a bus, help or urge the children to fasten their seat belts (the baby is in their arms), and don't let them walk around casually to prevent collision and injury during bumps. Children's mood fluctuates greatly, and crying may hinder others' rest. Make good arrangements, such as letting him read books and listen to stories. Children will feel ear pain when the plane takes off and lands. It is helpful to let them drink milk, bite nipples and chew candy.
When children travel, the incidence rate is higher than that of adults. Anyone who sees them eating less or exercising less should pay attention to whether their children are ill. If the child is impatient, tired or sick, he should be given a rest instead of traveling with illness.
Old people-rest more and drink less.
Old people often have poor physical strength, inflexible hands and feet, poor eyesight and hearing, and are slow to respond to the outside world. Therefore, when traveling, we should also attach importance to and strengthen health care.
Old people are prone to fatigue and recovery, so they should have enough rest and sleep during the trip. If you feel exhausted, you can take a few days off or stop traveling. When you walk for a long time, you should sit down and take a nap.
The elderly have poor thermoregulation function and are prone to catch a cold. They should bring enough clothes and increase or decrease them at any time. Don't take off your clothes immediately when you are sweating. In areas with large temperature difference between day and night, cover the quilt before going to bed and close the doors and windows when the wind and rain come at night.
The gastrointestinal function of the elderly is weakened, and acclimatization can easily lead to digestive dysfunction, so the diet should be light, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, eat less greasy and spicy cold food, and it is best to drink less or not.
The elderly have poor control over their own balance, often walk unsteadily, and are prone to fall or trip. Generally speaking, except for a few people with good health, try not to climb mountains, go into the water or engage in activities that consume too much physical strength.
Old people should pay attention to the health care of their feet when traveling, such as wearing soft shoes that fit their feet, ironing their feet with hot water at night and massaging their leg muscles and soles, which will make you feel particularly light when traveling, whether walking or climbing mountains.
Old people with chronic diseases, especially those with coronary heart disease, diabetes, asthma, hypertension and other diseases. You must take more related drugs. Once you get sick, take them as soon as possible and tell your peers about your illness so that you can take care of each other.