First, the physical and mental development of middle school students is extremely unbalanced. Middle school students are in a critical period of youth growth. The remarkable changes in physiology, the rapid development in psychology and the further enhancement of self-awareness have brought many new ideological puzzles and inadaptability to students. In particular, sexual development is becoming more and more mature, while psychological development is relatively lagging behind, which makes them feel nervous, confused and even at a loss. It is this imbalance in physical and mental development that causes middle school students' emotional instability, emotional attachment, thoughtfulness and easy behavior deviation.
Second, middle school students have a strong thirst for knowledge. Another notable feature of middle school students is their thirst for knowledge. They are very curious about new things around them, have a strong sense of inquiry, like to criticize old things, advocate new things, love to be unconventional, and are easy to idealize and blindly follow people or things, which is also the ideological basis of some middle school students' "groupies". We often find a phenomenon that some students are not interested in learning, but often talk about sports stars, sports events, movie stars, new singers, youth idols, anecdotes and so on.
Third, middle school students are eager for respect and understanding. The demand for respect and understanding is also deliberately pursued by middle school students of this age. This is the performance of their psychological development to a certain extent, and it is also the performance of their social adaptability. Students demand respect and understanding. In collective life, they are eager to have the opportunity to show their talents and a position suitable for their "role". In class, they hope that teachers will like and pay attention to their words and deeds, and even if they answer wrong questions, they will not be discriminated against and laughed at. These are all manifestations of strong self-esteem. Self-esteem is a self-attitude that respects one's personality, does not allow others to discriminate and insult, and hopes to be respected by others. With the growth of age, students' self-esteem will become stronger and stronger. In senior three, it becomes the most sensitive part of self-awareness and the most inviolable and inviolable part of others. At this time, students are most afraid of being looked down upon by others. In order to gain recognition and attention from others, they like to win and express themselves in various ways. Once students don't feel this respect, feel that they are ignored by teachers, or feel that they are in a dispensable position in the group, their self-esteem will be bruised, and they will seek satisfaction in improper ways, such as fighting, picking fights and playing pranks. Over time, there will be a sense of inferiority. It is precisely because of their strong self-esteem, teenagers tend to feel inferior, because they pay great attention to how others look at themselves and their position in the collective, and often regard trivial things they have suffered in this respect as great humiliation, and even some problems that are nothing in the eyes of adults, such as their clothes are not as good as their classmates, their heads are not high, and they are not as beautiful as others, which will all produce inferiority. If self-esteem is not satisfied for a long time, it will stop irrigation and degenerate, and will not make progress.
Fourthly, it is worth mentioning that middle school students need to make friends. The psychological development of middle school students has reached a certain stage, and the need to communicate with peers and establish friendship is increasingly strong. They are eager to make more friends, and they are willing to tell their peers when they have the truth. If this feeling is not satisfied, making friends is restricted by teachers and parents everywhere, which is not only extremely unfavorable to the development of their self-awareness, but also easy to cause psychological obstacles such as loneliness, depression and paranoia.
These psychological characteristics of adolescent middle school students lead to psychological deviation and behavior problems. Such as depression, weariness of learning, running away, suicide, crime, etc. The experience of students reflects the problems in school and family education. That is, ignoring students' mental health education and simplifying educational methods. At present, middle school students are under great pressure to take the entrance examination, and some teachers are not good at understanding the inner world of students. They don't pay attention to emotional communication and guidance for students who are introverted, emotionally disordered and have various psychological problems. They often regard the introversion of some students as a problem of learning attitude, and regard the communication and friendship between boys and girls as the expression of "puppy love" ..... which often leads to ineffective education and misses the favorable opportunity of education, leading to bad consequences.
In view of this, as family, school and school educators, we should fully understand the physiological and psychological characteristics of adolescent students, teach them in accordance with their aptitude, and help them pass adolescence smoothly.
First of all, we should give more love, care, respect and trust to adolescent students. Belinsky said: "Love is the yardstick to distinguish education", so we should treat them with motherly heart and influence them with fiery feelings. This kind of respect, trust, understanding and influence will bring them recognition comfort, eliminate suspicion and confrontation on education, promote psychological compatibility between the two sides, and then accept spiritual rain and dew with a positive attitude. As educators, we should understand the temperament types and personality characteristics of students and adopt flexible and principled educational methods. For example, don't easily stimulate students with bile to cultivate their self-control and patience, so that they can get used to quiet and balanced study; For bloody students, we should give them more opportunities and tasks to develop practical, single-minded and patient qualities; Students with mucus should not be too hasty, but should give them enough time to think and react; Don't publicly criticize depressed students, pay attention to cultivate their self-confidence and give them more care and care; For students who feel inferior and give up on themselves, don't be too harsh, but inspire, hint and praise them, so that they can see their own advantages and abilities to enhance their self-confidence; For students with strong self-esteem or conceit, don't praise them again and again, but also take into account their feelings and leave room for criticism. We should also grasp his self-motivation and try to let them see their own shortcomings and deficiencies from the success or failure of their studies. Naughty students who "eat hard but not soft" should not be too accommodating and tolerant. Students have great psychological differences and diverse personalities, so the ways and means of education cannot be the same. We should teach students in accordance with their aptitude, guide them according to the situation, and stress educational tact.
Second, as a school, we should also take various ways to educate students on mental health and strengthen psychological counseling. For example, offering mental health guidance courses, setting up students' psychological consultation rooms or mailboxes, providing teachers who know psychology, pedagogy, sociology and other disciplines and have certain educational experience as psychological consultation teachers, providing individual counseling and guidance to students, infiltrating mental health education into class team activities, effectively helping students solve some urgent problems in their daily study and life, and guiding them to grow up healthily in colorful collective life. Pay attention to publicize and popularize mental health education by holding special lectures, establishing radio, wall newspaper, school newspaper and other ways.
Third, seize the main channel of the classroom, and all disciplines should infiltrate the content of mental health education. Carry out mental health education for students. Teachers in all subjects should seriously explore the factors with psychological quality education content in teaching materials and carry out targeted training and exercise. In the teaching of various subjects, many teachers are unconsciously carrying out mental health education, but they are not aware of or seriously deepen mental health education in education and teaching. Teachers in all subjects should infiltrate the content of mental health education into the whole education and teaching in a planned, purposeful and conscious way.
Fourth, hold a psychological lecture for parents. Doing a good job in mental health education of middle school students needs the cooperation of family education. It is necessary to popularize the common sense of students' physical and mental development and mental health to parents through parent schools, so that parents can understand and master the psychological characteristics of children of different ages, the correction methods of "problem behavior" and the operation skills of family education, and let parents care about their children's physical health and mental health. Establish a democratic and harmonious family psychological atmosphere.
Mankind has entered a brand-new century. With the deepening of China's socialist modernization, the times have put forward newer and higher quality requirements for contemporary middle school students, the masters of the 2 1 century. 2 1 century will be a competition between discipline technology and talent quality. Therefore, it is the mission entrusted to school education by the times and the unshirkable responsibility of every educator to carry out good psychological quality education among middle school students so that they can meet the challenges of the new century with positive and healthy psychology and the quality of fully developing their internal potential.