1, blood transmission: mainly including blood transfusion and blood products, syringe needles and acupuncture, dental and surgical instruments and other medical behaviors, tattoos, eyebrow shaping, ear piercing, double eyelids, shaving and other behaviors that damage beauty.
2. Mother-to-child transmission: refers to a way for a mother carrying hepatitis B virus to transmit hepatitis B virus to her baby during pregnancy, childbirth and lactation. 40%-50% mothers with positive surface antigen (HBsAg) transmit hepatitis B virus to their babies, and 90%- 100% mothers with double positive surface antigen (HBsAg) and E antigen (HBeAg) transmit hepatitis B virus to their babies.
3, sexual contact transmission: men and women can spread hepatitis B virus through semen and secretions.
4. Close contact and transmission: The main situations that can cause transmission in family daily life are: traumatic bleeding, menstrual blood and hemorrhoid blood of HBsAg positive people pollute the family environment; Use toothbrushes, cups, towels and razors with HBsAg positive people; H BsAg positive people have close contact with nursing children, especially those who are fed orally.
But it is generally not infected by water or food.