—— Specification of occupational health and safety management system;
-Guide to Occupational Health and Safety Management System.
The formulation of this standard takes into account the compatibility with the requirements of GB/T2400 1- 1996 Environmental Management System Specification and Usage Guide and GB/T 1900 1-2000 Quality Management System, so as to facilitate the organization to put forward an occupational health, safety and environmental quality management system. In order to enable organizations to control occupational health and safety risks and improve their performance, no specific occupational health and safety performance criteria have been put forward, and no specific provisions have been made on the design management system.
This standard applies to anyone who wishes to:
(a) Establish an occupational health and safety management system to eliminate or reduce the occupational health and safety risks that employees and other interested parties may face due to organizing activities;
(b) Implement, maintain and continuously improve the occupational health and safety management system;
(c) Confident that he can meet the prescribed occupational health and safety policy;
(d) Prove this consistency to the outside world;
(e) Seek the certification of its occupational health and safety management system from external organizations;
(g) Self-identification and declaration of conformity with this standard.
All requirements in this standard are intended to be incorporated into any occupational health and safety management system. Its application degree depends on the organization's occupational health and safety policy, the nature of activities, the risk and complexity of operations and other factors.
This standard is aimed at occupational health and safety, not product and service safety. The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard by reference. All subsequent modifications (excluding errata) or revisions of dated reference documents are not applicable to this standard. However, parties who have reached an agreement according to this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For undated reference documents, the latest edition is applicable to this standard.
GB/T 1900000-2000 Fundamentals and Terminology of Quality Management System (IDT ISO 9000: 2000) The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3. 1 accident
Unexpected circumstances leading to death, illness, injury, damage or other losses.
3.2 Audit Audit
See 3.9. 1 90000-2000 for the definition.
3.3 continuous improvement continuous improvement
In order to improve the overall performance of occupational health and safety, the process of strengthening the occupational health and safety management system is organized according to the occupational health and safety policy. Note: This process does not necessarily occur in all fields of activity.
3.4 Hazard sources
The root cause or state that may lead to injury or illness, property loss, damage to the working environment or a combination of these situations.
3.5 Hazard identification
The process of identifying the existence of hazards and determining their characteristics.
3.6 emergencies
Circumstances that cause or may cause an accident.
Note: Events whose results did not cause disease, injury, damage or other losses can also be called in English? Quot In English, the word accident includes narrowly escaping.
3.7 interested parties
Individuals or groups related to or affected by the organization's occupational health and safety performance.
3.8 Nonconformities
Any deviation from work standards, practices, procedures, regulations and management system performance will directly or indirectly lead to injury or illness, property loss, work environment damage or a combination of these situations.
3.9 objectives
The purpose of the organization in terms of occupational health and safety performance.
Occupational health and safety occupational health and safety
Conditions and factors affecting the health and safety of employees, temporary workers, contractors, visitors and other personnel in the workplace.
3. 1 1 occupational health and safety management system
As a part of the overall management system, it is convenient to organize and manage occupational health and safety risks related to its business. It includes the organizational structure, planning activities, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and resources needed to formulate, implement, realize, review and maintain the occupational health and safety policy.
3. 12 organization
See the definition of 3.3. 1 9000-2000 in GB/T1.
Note: For organizations with more than one operating unit, a single operating unit can be regarded as an organization.
3. 13 performance
Based on the occupational health and safety policy and objectives, the measurable results of the occupational health and safety management system related to the occupational health and safety risk control of the organization.
Note 1: Performance measurement includes the measurement of occupational health and safety management activities and results.
Note 2: Performance can also be called performance.
3. 14 risk
The combination of the possibility and consequence of a specific hazardous situation.
3. 15 risk assessment
The whole process of evaluating risks and determining whether the risks are tolerable.
3. 16 security
The state of being exempt from unacceptable risk of damage.
3. 17 tolerable risk
According to the organization's legal obligations and occupational health and safety policies, the risk has been reduced to an acceptable level for the organization. 4. 1 General requirements
The organization shall establish and maintain an occupational health and safety management system. Chapter 4 describes the requirements of occupational health and safety management system.
The mode of occupational health and safety management system is shown in figure 1.
4.2 Occupational Health and Safety Policy
The occupational health and safety policy is shown in Figure 2.
The organization shall have an occupational health and safety policy approved by the top management, which shall clearly stipulate the overall objectives of occupational health and safety and the commitment to improve occupational health and safety performance.
The policy should be:
(a) The nature and scale of occupational health and safety risks suitable for the organization;
(b) Commitment to continuous improvement;
(c) Including the organization's commitment to at least meet the existing occupational health and safety laws, regulations and other requirements of the organization;
(d) Documentation, implementation and maintenance;
(e) Communicate with all employees to make them aware of their respective occupational health and safety obligations;
(f) Available to all interested parties;
(g) Periodic review to ensure its relevance and appropriateness to the Organization.
4.3 planning
4.3. 1 Hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control planning
The organization shall establish and maintain procedures for continuous hazard identification, risk assessment and implementation of necessary control measures. These procedures should include:
-Conventional and unconventional activities;
-Activities of all personnel entering the workplace (including contractors' personnel and visitors);
-Facilities in the workplace (whether provided by the organization or outside).
The organization shall ensure that when establishing occupational health and safety objectives, the results of these risk assessments and the effect of control are considered, and this information is documented and updated in time.
The organization's hazard identification and risk assessment methods should be:
-according to the scope, nature and time limit of the risk, ensure that the method is active rather than passive;
-Specify risk classification and identify risks that can be eliminated or controlled by the measures specified in 4.4.3 and 4.4.4;
-the ability to adapt to operating experience and take risk control measures;
-Providing input information for determining facility requirements, training requirements and/or implementing operational control;
-It is stipulated to monitor the required activities to ensure their timely and effective implementation.
4.3.2 Regulations and other requirements
The organization shall establish and maintain procedures to identify and obtain applicable laws and regulations and other occupational health and safety requirements.
The organization shall timely update the information related to laws, regulations and other requirements, and convey this information to employees and other interested parties.
target
The organization shall establish and maintain documented occupational health and safety objectives according to its internal functions and levels. If feasible, the goal should be quantified.
When establishing and reviewing occupational health and safety objectives, the organization shall consider:
-Regulations and other requirements;
Occupational health and safety hazards and risks;
-Alternative technical solutions;
-Financial, operational and business requirements;
-Opinions of interested parties.
The objectives shall conform to the occupational health and safety policy, including the commitment to continuous improvement.
4.3.4 Occupational Health and Safety Management Scheme
The organization shall formulate and maintain an occupational health and safety management plan to achieve its objectives.
The plan shall include the following contents:
(a) The responsibilities and powers entrusted to the Organization in terms of functions and levels in order to achieve its objectives;
(b) Methods and timetables for achieving the objectives.
The occupational health and safety management plan shall be reviewed regularly and within the planned time. If necessary, the occupational health and safety management plan shall be revised according to the changes of the organization's activities, products, services or operating conditions.
4.4 Implementation and Operation
Institutions and responsibilities
Personnel engaged in the management, implementation and verification of occupational health and safety risks in organizational activities, facilities and processes should determine their roles, responsibilities and authorities, form documents and communicate with them, so as to facilitate occupational health and safety management.
The ultimate responsibility for occupational health and safety should be borne by the top management. The organization shall designate a member among the top managers (such as a member of the board of directors or the executive committee of a large organization) as the management representative to undertake specific responsibilities, so as to ensure the correct implementation of the occupational health and safety management system, and implement various requirements in various positions and work scopes within the organization.
Managers should provide necessary resources for implementing, controlling and improving the occupational health and safety management system.
Note: Resources include human resources, professional skills, technology and financial resources.
The management representative of the organization should have clear responsibilities and authority in order to:
(a) Ensure the establishment, implementation and maintenance of the occupational health and safety management system according to this standard;
(b) Ensure that the performance report of the occupational health and safety management system is submitted to the top management for review, and provide a basis for improving the occupational health and safety management system.
All personnel with management responsibilities should show their commitment to the continuous improvement of occupational health and safety performance.
4.4.2 Training, awareness and ability
Personnel engaged in work that may affect occupational health and safety in the workplace should have the corresponding working ability. In terms of education, training and/or experience, the organization should make appropriate provisions for its capabilities.
The organization shall establish and maintain procedures to ensure that employees of all relevant functions and levels understand:
-The importance of meeting the requirements of occupational health and safety policies, procedures and occupational health and safety management system;
-Actual or potential occupational health and safety consequences in work activities and occupational health and safety benefits brought by personal work improvement;
-Roles and responsibilities in implementing occupational health and safety policies and procedures and meeting the requirements of occupational health and safety management system, including emergency preparedness and response requirements (see 4.4.7);
-Potential consequences of deviation from the specified operating procedures.
Training procedures should consider different levels:
-Responsibility, ability and education level;
-Risk.
4.4.3 Consultation and communication
The organization shall have procedures to ensure mutual communication with employees and other interested parties on relevant occupational health and safety information.
The organization shall document the arrangement of employee participation and negotiation and notify the relevant parties.
Employees should:
-Participate in the formulation and review of risk management policies and procedures;
-Participate in discussing any changes that affect occupational health and safety in the workplace;
-Participate in occupational health and safety affairs;
-Know who is the employee representative and the designated management representative of occupational health and safety (see 4.4. 1).
document
The organization shall establish and maintain the following information in appropriate media (such as paper or electronic form):
(a) Describe the core elements of the management system and their interactions;
(b) Providing access to relevant documents.
Note: According to the requirements of effectiveness and efficiency, it is very important to minimize the number of documents.
4.4.5 Document and data control
The organization shall establish and maintain procedures to control all documents and information required by this standard to ensure that:
(a) Easy access to documents and information;
(b) Regularly review documents and materials, revise them when necessary, and confirm their suitability by authorized personnel;
(c) All posts that play a key role in the effective operation of the occupational health and safety management system can obtain the latest versions of relevant documents and materials;
(d) Take back invalid documents and materials from all distribution and use places in time, or take other measures to prevent misuse;
(e) Appropriate identification of archival documents and materials retained for the purpose of laws, regulations and/or information retention.
4.4.6 Operation control
The organization shall identify the operations and activities related to the identified risks that require control measures. The organization shall plan these activities (including maintenance work) to ensure that these activities are carried out in the following ways under specified conditions:
(a) Establish and maintain documented operating procedures, which may deviate from occupational health and safety policies and objectives due to the lack of documented procedures;
(b) Develop operational guidelines in procedures;
(c) Establish and maintain procedures for occupational health and safety risks identified in goods, equipment and services purchased and/or used by the organization, and notify suppliers and contractors of relevant procedural requirements;
(d) Establish and maintain design procedures for workplaces, processes, devices, machinery, operating procedures and work organizations, including considering the ability to adapt to people, so as to fundamentally eliminate or reduce occupational health and safety risks.
Emergency preparedness and response
The organization shall establish and maintain plans and procedures to identify and respond to potential incidents or emergencies, so as to prevent and reduce possible diseases and injuries.
The organization shall review its plans and procedures for emergency preparedness and response, especially after an accident or emergency.
If feasible, the organization should also test these procedures regularly.
4.5 Inspection and Corrective Measures
4.5. 1 Performance measurement and monitoring
The organization shall establish and maintain procedures for routine monitoring and measurement of occupational health and safety performance. This procedure should provide for:
-Qualitative and quantitative measurement suitable for organizational needs;
-Monitor the satisfaction of the organization's occupational health and safety objectives;
-Proactive performance measurement, that is, monitoring whether it meets the requirements of occupational health and safety management plan, operation guide and applicable laws and regulations;
-Passive performance measurement, that is, monitoring accidents, diseases, incidents (including the near misses in Note 4.6) and other historical evidence that adversely affects occupational health and safety performance;
-Adequate data recording, monitoring and measurement results, so as to analyze future corrective and preventive measures.
If equipment is needed for performance measurement and monitoring, the organization shall establish and maintain procedures for calibration and maintenance of such equipment, and keep records of calibration and maintenance activities and their results.
4.5.2 Accidents, incidents, nonconformities, corrective and preventive measures
The organization shall establish and maintain procedures for determining relevant responsibilities and authorities in order to:
Handling and investigation:
Accidents;
-Events;
-Not in conformity;
(b) Take measures to reduce the impact of accidents, incidents or nonconformities;
(c) Take and complete corrective and preventive measures;
(d) Confirm the effectiveness of the corrective and preventive measures taken.
These procedures should require that all recommended corrective and preventive measures should be reviewed through a risk assessment process before implementation.
Corrective and preventive measures taken to eliminate the actual and potential causes of nonconformity shall be reviewed through risk assessment before implementation.
Any corrective or preventive measures taken to eliminate the actual and potential causes of nonconformity should be commensurate with the seriousness of the problem and the occupational health and safety risks faced.
The organization shall record any changes in documented procedures caused by corrective and preventive measures.
4.5.3 Records and records management
The organization shall establish and maintain procedures for identifying, keeping and disposing of occupational health and safety records, as well as auditing and reviewing results.
Occupational health and safety records shall be clearly identifiable, clearly marked and traceable to related activities. The storage and management of occupational health and safety records should be easy to consult and avoid damage, deterioration or loss. The shelf life shall be specified and recorded.
Records shall be kept in a manner suitable for the system and organization to verify compliance with the requirements of this standard.
audit
The organization shall establish and maintain audit plans and procedures, and regularly audit the occupational health and safety management system, so as to:
(a) Determine whether the occupational health and safety management system:
1) conforms to the planning arrangement of occupational health and safety management, including meeting the requirements of this standard;
2) It has been correctly implemented and maintained;
3) Effectively meet the organization's policies and objectives.
(b) Review the results of previous audits;
(c) Providing information on audit results to managers.
The audit plan, including the timetable, should be based on the risk assessment results of the organization's activities and the results of previous audits. Audit procedures should include not only the scope, frequency, methods and capabilities of the audit, but also the responsibilities and requirements for implementing the audit and reporting the audit results.
If possible, the audit shall be conducted by personnel who are not directly responsible for the audited activities.
Note: Just because there are no people directly responsible here doesn't mean they must come from outside the organization.
4.6 Management review
The top management of the organization shall review the occupational health and safety management system at specified intervals to ensure the continuous suitability, adequacy and effectiveness of the system. The management review process should ensure that the necessary information is collected for managers' evaluation. Management review should be documented.
The management review should point out that the policies, objectives and other elements of the occupational health and safety management system may need to be revised according to the audit results of the occupational health and safety management system, changes in the environment and commitment to continuous improvement.