How does depression cause depression? The causes of depression are complex and diverse, which are related to people's temper, attitude, behavior habits, personal growth experience, family education, social environment, genetic factors, endocrine, nerve center and other diseases. In short, the causes of depression can be mainly explained from four aspects.
Biological factor depression is not a simple psychological problem, and it is not only psychological factors that can lead to depression. There are many biological factors that lead to depression, such as biochemical factors and abnormal transmission function of some neurotransmitters in the central nervous system, which will all lead to depression.
Disease factors Physical diseases, especially chronic central nervous system diseases or other chronic physical diseases, can become important risk factors of depression, such as malignant tumors, hypothyroidism, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy and other diseases, all of which are easily accompanied by depression.
Psychological factors: people with inferiority complex, self-reproach, negative pessimism, over-thinking, delicate feelings, sensitivity and suspicion, indecision, prudence, dedication, pursuit of perfection and rigidity are more prone to depression. Such people are not eager to solve problems, but indulge in thinking, unable to extricate themselves from difficulties and sense of crisis, negative and pessimistic, always feel excessive sadness and anxiety in the face of difficulties, and have poor psychological endurance.
Different social environment factors have great influence on the occurrence of depression. These unfavorable environments can be summarized as follows:
Marital status: marital dissatisfaction is the main risk factor of depression, and the risk of depression of divorced, separated or widowed individuals is significantly higher than that of individuals with good marital status.
Work stress: fierce competitive environment and uncoordinated personnel relations are also common factors leading to depression.
Life is not smooth: life is not satisfactory, and major emergencies have an important impact on the occurrence of individual depression, such as the death of relatives and lovelorn. These can be the direct factors leading to depression.
There is no abnormality in the appearance of symptoms of depression. Patients with mild depression have the symptoms of "bitter inside and happy outside" Such patients seem to have no abnormal appearance in manners, speech, contact and so on. If they don't do penetrating psychological examination and psychological measurement and ignore the essence of mental depression, they can give people an illusion of happiness and optimism.
The decline of social function is mainly manifested in the sudden decline of academic performance, falling into a helpless and passive state, unable to be competent for the originally skilled work, and the decline of thinking ability.
Sleep disorder is a persistent insomnia disorder that is difficult to cure for a long time. It may be difficult to fall asleep, or it may be easy to wake up from a nightmare, or wake up early and can't sleep after waking up. Without antidepressant treatment, we can't understand the essence of depression, and we can't relieve sleep disorders.
Mood changes Patients with mild depression are prone to depression, loss of interest in external things, loss of happiness, fatigue, or depression, anxiety, irritability and anxiety all day long.
Thinking slowly or even negatively. Some patients with depression will have slow thinking, low self-awareness, dull life, poor memory, listlessness all day, and lack of interest and vitality.
Slow-moving patients with mild depression become slow-moving, rarely do daily housework or exercise, always feel physically and mentally exhausted and lack enthusiasm for work. These symptoms often last for more than two weeks or even months for no reason, and are usually the most typical symptoms of mild depression.
Mild depression with systemic symptoms is not only manifested in the spirit, but also accompanied by some physical changes, such as dry mouth, indigestion, weakened gastrointestinal function, constipation, or pain in a certain part of the body. Sometimes the symptoms of depression are covered up because of the prominent physical symptoms.
The common type of depression is unipolar depression, which refers to multiple episodes of depression without manic episodes, but it is generally believed that manic episodes may still occur no matter how many episodes of depression occur. It is found that if there are three or more consecutive depressive episodes without manic episodes, or there is no manic episode between only two depressive episodes in 8 years, the probability of manic episodes in the future is very low, and it can be confirmed as unipolar depression at this time.
Bipolar depression Bipolar depression refers to an emotional disorder with manic episodes and mixed episodes of two states. If the onset is a depressive episode, it is called bipolar depression. The emotions of these patients often change with each other, which brings difficulties to treatment. Because the treatment principles of these two States are basically opposite, antidepressants are easy to induce mania, and antidepressants may also induce depression.
Psychotic depression Psychotic depression mainly refers to depression with psychotic symptoms, such as hallucinations and delusions, and always feels that someone is talking about himself or has made a serious mistake. Formerly known as major depression, the prognosis is often poor. In terms of treatment, antipsychotics and antidepressants are needed for hallucinations and delusions, and electroconvulsive therapy is more effective. In the past, such patients were often misdiagnosed as schizophrenia.
Depression, as a subtype of severe depression, is under the opportunity of intense depression. Now it generally refers to a depressive episode with anxiety. The clinical feature is that under the background of depression, there is obvious anxiety and irritability, accompanied by delusions and physical problems. The use of antidepressants can aggravate patients' insomnia, anxiety and suicidal thoughts, so it is necessary to add antidepressants and mood stabilizers for treatment.
Hysteresis Depression Patients with Hysteresis Depression are characterized by slow speech, slow thinking, reduced exercise, full movements, often sitting alone in one place, reduced active activities and decreased will. The prognosis of these patients is very poor.
Atypical depression Atypical depression refers to a severe depressive episode accompanied by a series of atypical depressive characteristics. This atypical feature is that patients' emotions can react positively to actual potential positive events, such as obvious weight gain or overeating, lethargy, lead-like paralysis (that is, heavy upper and lower limbs, lead-filled feeling), and long-standing sensitivity to refusing cups in interpersonal communication, which leads to great social or occupational damage.
Chronic depression, as opposed to a short-term depressive episode, directly means that the symptoms of depression have not been completely relieved for a long time. Generally speaking, in the past two years, it completely meets the diagnostic criteria of depression, which is often manifested as emotional instability, bad mood, suspicion, slow thinking, passive behavior, social withdrawal, anxiety and so on. And the social function is seriously damaged, and it is often difficult to treat because of improper or untimely treatment in the acute stage, poor symptom relief, or other physical and mental diseases.
Major depression, also known as major depression, actually refers to typical depression, which often has typical manifestations such as slow thinking, low mood and decreased will. There was no history of mania in the medical history, and antidepressants responded well.
Reactive depression Reactive depression is also called psychogenic depression, psychogenic depression. The onset of this kind of depression is caused by obvious mental trauma, such as lovelorn, unemployment, loss of relatives, laid-off and other unfavorable factors. The content of depressive symptoms is closely related to the content of mental trauma. Generally easy to be understood by ordinary people. When these bad stimuli are too large or last too long, patients will lose their self-regulation ability and get sick. Symptoms are often related to stimulation, such as depression, sigh and regret, loss of appetite, depression, less physical symptoms and psychotic symptoms. Treatment also emphasizes the role of psychotherapy.
How to Self-regulate Depression Music therapy is a special psychotherapy method, which refers to using some music with special melody to relieve or understand psychological symptoms such as anxiety and insomnia. Patients can choose a "music prescription" with the participation of psychologists according to their illness, hobbies, appreciation ability and mood.
Yoga therapy Yoga therapy mainly relies on stretching the muscles of the back, shoulders, abdomen, buttocks and legs to create a certain posture and expand the range of activities of the body, thus relaxing nerves and improving blood circulation, which has a good effect on relieving anxiety, depression, irritability and nervousness.
Regulating sleep depression itself and some antidepressants may interfere with sleep, and lack of sleep will aggravate depression, so pay attention to sleep regulation. The methods of regulating sleep can mainly take the following kinds:
1. Go to bed at the same time every night.
2. Limit the rest time during the day and try not to take a nap (except for the elderly and infirm).
3. Develop good sleep habits, such as taking a bath before going to bed, brushing your teeth, reading light books or listening to light music 15 minutes.
Don't do exercise 2-3 hours before going to bed, but doing some moderate exercise 4-5 hours before going to bed is good for your health.
Don't drink coffee, especially in the afternoon to evening. Smoking and drinking can also affect sleep.
6. Don't eat too much before going to bed. Eating too much makes it difficult for the stomach to digest and sleep restlessly. Drink a small glass of milk before going to bed. Chromium amino acids in milk are natural sleep AIDS.
7. Create a comfortable sleeping environment, dim the bedroom lights before going to bed, keep the bedroom quiet, choose comfortable mattresses and pillows, and ensure that the bedroom temperature is appropriate, neither too hot nor too cold.
8. Don't force yourself to fall asleep, do some relaxation training before going to bed, or read books and watch relaxing TV programs until you feel sleepy.
9. Limit sleep time. It is best to control the sleep time in 7 to 8 hours every day, and don't add extra sleep time.
Exercise therapy also helps to overcome depression. In the absence of difficult physical exercise, simply climbing stairs and walking is also exercise, which can stimulate the growth of catecholamines in the brain, help stabilize mood, relieve depression, help release endorphins in the brain, help improve mood, relieve anxiety, improve sleep and strengthen physical fitness.
Communication therapy is the best way to fight depression by communicating with society and family members. Studies have shown that those who are isolated from their families and society have significantly higher levels of stress-related hormones in their serum. Such people are prone to depression, anxiety, high blood pressure and heart disease, which will also affect immune function. To change this state, we might as well integrate into the surrounding society, communicate with people more, take some interesting courses, learn to express our feelings more, and don't get off the bus at the invitation or visit of friends.
Diet regulation 1, reducing sugar intake
When people eat sweets, their blood sugar rises rapidly and their mood grows rapidly, but after an hour or two, their mood will gradually decline. In addition, sugar is an easily dependent and addictive food. In order to maintain a high mood, people will need more sugary foods, thus forming dependence.
2. Ensure adequate intake of protein.
Protein's low-content diet will lead to low physical fitness and low mood. The former is because people need a lot of protein for muscle activity, and the latter is because the amino acid intake of serotonin, a natural antidepressant, is insufficient. People with depression eat more foods rich in protein, such as fish, eggs, beef, pork, mutton, etc., which is conducive to promoting brain activity and mental health.
Step 3 supplement enough fat
When the human body is short of fat, it is difficult for the brain to function normally. The burning of fat in the human body is more stable than the burning of carbohydrates into sugar in the body, so it can stabilize the mood more. Omega -3 is a useful substance for brain cells. If you take enough OMEGA-3, it will quickly increase dopamine, a natural antidepressant chemical in the brain, which makes people feel excited. This is because ω-3 is an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase, which can inhibit monoamine oxidase from damaging brain transmitters such as serotonin and dopamine.
Step 4 eat more vegetables
Vegetables are brightly colored and contain vitamins, minerals and other nutrients needed for a good mood. They are indispensable nutrients besides protein and fat, and have a good antidepressant effect.
Self-regulation methods of different degrees of depression 1, self-regulation of mild depression.
Patients with mild depression can be relieved by self-treatment. They can do more exercise, develop more hobbies, communicate with the outside world and participate in more recreational activities.
Standardize and avoid emotional shock, work and life stress, interpersonal relationship and other factors that lead to depression.
Cooperate with doctors for psychotherapy or antidepressant treatment. If you feel the symptoms of depression, seek help from your family or doctor in time for timely treatment.
2. Self-regulation of moderate depression
Patients with moderate depression need self-regulation treatment for mild depression and antidepressant treatment under the guidance of doctors.
How to treat patients with depression with drugs Many antidepressants combined with psychotherapy can treat depression. For some patients with depression, antidepressants are more effective, especially for patients with severe depression, and drugs can be used to relieve depressive symptoms relatively quickly.
Psychotherapy is more effective for some patients with depression. Psychotherapy can teach patients how to reduce depression and how to deal with the problems that often cause depressive symptoms in life.
Comprehensive treatment for most patients with depression, the combination of drugs and psychotherapy may be the most effective. Patients should take antidepressants first, and then cooperate with psychologists for psychotherapy after taking them for a period of time. In the process of psychotherapy, they should still insist on taking medicine. Generally speaking, depression can be cured if it is diagnosed for the first time after diagnosis and treated for more than five years.
Traditional Chinese medicine meridian therapy is a product that uses harmless nanotechnology to treat insomnia and depression. It acts on special acupoints of the human body through silicon chips made of special materials, resulting in acupoint meridian effect. This method promotes the recovery of nervous system balance, comprehensively adjusts the function of human nervous system, corrects the network interconnection obstacle of human nervous system, promotes the normal secretion of neurotransmitter 5- hydroxytryptamine, fundamentally solves the basic problems of insomnia and depression, and thus achieves the purpose of treating depression.
Reading therapy, also known as book therapy, refers to the use of reading books to achieve the purpose of treating diseases. In the treatment room, the causes of mental disorder or behavioral deviation can be determined according to the observation of doctors and guardians and the patient's self-report, and then the books they need to read can be arranged for patients according to the principle of "providing appropriate books to appropriate readers at appropriate time" to guide patients to read as required. In the process of reading, we can produce ideological harmony and aesthetic enjoyment, get information from it, relax our mood, relieve stress and change our attitude towards life, thus playing a therapeutic role.
Diary therapy releases feelings in daily life, secrets hidden in the heart, trivial or unhappy things that are inconvenient to share with others by keeping a diary. This can vent emotions, release pressure, and also explore the root of the problem and find a solution to the problem.
Exercise therapy Exercise therapy is a method to prevent and treat diseases by choosing different exercise modes or increasing physical exercise according to the characteristics of diseases. Proper exercise every day can provide an outlet for negative emotions and relieve and treat depression. A large number of studies show that doing low-intensity exercise for 20 to 30 minutes three times a week will relieve people's depression, improve their mood, reduce anxiety, stimulate appetite and improve sleep. And at the same time of activities, you can also improve your communication skills and overcome social obstacles.
The frequency and sound pressure of music sound waves in music therapy will not only cause physiological reactions, but also cause psychological reactions. The focus of music therapy is to regulate emotions. Thinking about music can improve the excitement of cerebral cortex, promote thinking association, improve mood, stimulate feelings, and cheer up the spirit. At the same time, it helps to eliminate negative psychology such as depression, anxiety, tension and terror caused by psychosocial factors and improve stress ability.