Electrogram is not only mainly used in the diagnosis of heart diseases, but also widely used in the rescue of various critical patients, surgical anesthesia, monitoring of drug action and electrolyte disorder, ECG monitoring in aerospace and mountaineering.
(1) Because ECG mainly reflects the excited electrical activity of the heart, it has certain value for the diagnosis and analysis of various arrhythmia and conduction disorders.
(2) The change and evolution of characteristic electrocardiogram is a reliable and practical method to diagnose myocardial infarction;
(3) Atrioventricular hypertrophy, myocardial injury and myocardial ischemia can all cause certain ECG changes, which is helpful for diagnosis.
2. Clinical application of endoscope.
Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, including the examination of esophagus, stomach and duodenum, is the earliest and fastest endoscopy, also known as gastroscope; Endoscopy of lower digestive tract includes sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy and colonoscopy, and colonoscopy is more widely used. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy has become an important means of diagnosis, treatment and rescue of diseases of bronchus, lung and chest, and was formally applied in clinic on 1967.
3. The concept of drugs
Drugs: substances used to prevent, treat and diagnose human diseases, purposefully regulate human physiological functions, and specify indications or functional indications, usage and dosage. According to the nature, dosage form, tissue absorption and treatment needs of drugs, the route of administration can be oral administration, sublingual administration, inhalation, external application, rectal administration and injection.
4. Principles of rational use of antibiotics
Rational use of antibiotics includes rational drug selection and rational drug use. When choosing antibiotics, we should first analyze the possible pathogenic bacteria and select sensitive antibiotics accordingly, and generally use drug sensitivity test to screen antibiotics. When the condition is critical, drugs with broad antibacterial spectrum should be selected according to the infected site and the flora that may be infected.
5. The concept of interventional therapy
Treatment refers to the direct elimination or alleviation of local lesions by means of drugs, physics and chemistry under the guidance of medical images or endoscopes, so as to achieve the purpose of treatment.
6. The principle and side effects of radiotherapy
Principle: Radiotherapy uses radiation, such as radioisotopes, to produce a kind of? 、? X-rays and X-rays, electron beams, proton beams and other particle beams generated by X-ray therapy machines or accelerators are used to treat diseases.
Side effects of radiotherapy: systemic reactions include (1) leukopenia and thrombocytopenia in the blood system; (2) The gastrointestinal system is characterized by anorexia, anorexia, nausea and vomiting. (3) Nervous system symptoms are fatigue, lethargy or insomnia.
7. Clinical application of physical therapy
Physical therapy is widely used in:
(1) Restorative treatment of various inflammations, especially chronic inflammation;
(2) recovery and treatment of various diseases or injuries of the nervous system;
(3) treating muscle injuries caused by various reasons;
(4) Treatment of postoperative complications;
(5) Some therapies, such as ultrasound, have expanded their original functions and become surgical tools.
8. Health insurance
1, the concept of health insurance: insurance that pays insurance money for losses caused by health reasons.
2. The concept of commercial health insurance: it is a form of health insurance provided by commercial insurance companies on the voluntary basis of the insured.
3. The concept of medical insurance: insurance that pays insurance money on the condition that the agreed medical behavior occurs and provides protection for the medical expenses of the insured during medical treatment.
4. Characteristics of medical insurance: the conditions for paying insurance benefits are based on the occurrence of medical behavior or medical expenses, and have no direct relationship with the diagnosis of diseases; Medical insurance products have different classification methods; Medical insurance has many risk factors and complicated management.
5. Characteristics of health insurance risk: uncertainty; Multiplicity; In the long run.
6. The main factors affecting the development of health insurance: asymmetric health insurance information; The particularity of health insurance demand; High correlation of disease risk.
7. The main role of health management in health insurance: expanding the content of insurance services; Control the risk of insurance claims; Broaden the field of insurance investment.
8. The significance of health insurance to health management: health insurance promotes the allocation and integration of health management resources; Health insurance can be used as a strategic market channel for health management; Health insurance can strengthen a good understanding of health management.
9. Cooperation mode of health insurance and health management: service outsourcing mode: self-service mode; * * * The same investment model.
The above is about the sharing of the core test sites of the health manager exam, and I hope it will help you. If you want to know more, please pay attention to this platform in time!