First, the first is to judge by symptoms:
For the detection of selenium, the simplest but not obvious method is to combine the detection of blood selenium, urine selenium or hair selenium according to the main symptoms and pathological changes of selenium deficiency, such as muscle atrophy, hair looseness, joint thickening of limbs, weight loss, poor resistance, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, liver disease, prostate disease, heart disease and cancer, so as to make a diagnosis of selenium deficiency in human body.
Second, see if it is located in a selenium-deficient area.
China is the most serious selenium-deficient area in the world, and the selenium-deficient provinces account for about 72% of the total area of the country, of which 30% are seriously selenium-deficient areas. In some areas of 22 provinces and cities in China, about 654.38 billion people live in low selenium areas. Severe selenium deficiency areas: Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Xinjiang, Tibet and Inner Mongolia.
Third, secondly, the selenium content is detected by an authoritative organization:
1. Normal people's hair also contains a certain amount of selenium, which can reflect the selenium content in people's food and body, and can be used as a useful indicator to detect the selenium nutritional status of the body.
2. Urine selenium content is a useful screening index to determine selenium deficiency and selenium poisoning. Generally, the selenium content per liter of urine is 0- 150 micrograms.
3. Blood selenium content can accurately reflect the actual level of selenium in the body. Generally, the selenium content in adult women's hair is 0.02-3. 13 micrograms, in whole blood is 0.03-0.32 micrograms, and in serum is 0.0 1-0.33 micrograms.
Extended data
Selenium, taken from Greek Selence, means "goddess of the moon". It is not only a beautiful name, but also a "panacea" that has attracted much attention in recent years. It has been widely accepted that selenium can resist cancer and cardiovascular diseases. However, Xia, a researcher at the Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, pointed out that most people in China are not short of selenium, and the daily demand for selenium is very close to the toxic amount, and a large intake of selenium may lead to selenium poisoning. ?
Health care function of selenium: antioxidation. Selenium is a good thing. Xia pointed out that there is only one health function of selenium that can be confirmed at present, and that is antioxidation. But it is precisely this that selenium can prevent many diseases and even resist aging. ? Because peroxides and free radicals are considered as the root causes of cardiovascular diseases and various cancers. The antioxidant function of human body is achieved by blocking and destroying these two types of "troublemakers"
Antioxidant chemicals in human body can be divided into two categories, one is non-enzyme, such as vitamins C and E, and there are three kinds of enzymes, namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), which can scavenge free radicals and superoxide; The second is peroxidase, which is used to eliminate hydrogen peroxide; There is also glutathione peroxidase, an enzyme or compound containing selenium, which can eliminate hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxide. ?
Xia introduced that 25 kinds of selenium-containing enzymes and compounds have been identified in human body, and their main functions are antioxidation. In Enshi, Hubei, China, there was once a disease caused by excessive selenium-Kaschin-Beck disease. It is characterized by joint thickening and deformation, muscle atrophy, and even inability to take care of themselves.
Selenium can't be added casually. According to the standard revised by China Nutrition Society (1998), the daily selenium requirements of different populations are: 3 years old 1-20 micrograms, 4-6 years old 40 micrograms, and 7 years old or older 50 micrograms. Xia believes that even in remote rural areas, people can basically guarantee this intake.
"There are usually two ways to get selenium. One is a natural diet. People can eat more animal food and seafood, in which selenium is more abundant and absorbed more completely. The second is to supplement some health care products that strengthen selenium. Personally, I think only the elderly need proper selenium supplement, because their food intake is very small and their absorption capacity has declined, so it may not be enough to rely solely on their daily diet.
It should be emphasized that the demand for selenium in China is generally 30-440 micrograms. If it exceeds 440 micrograms, it may be poisoned. It can be seen that the demand is very close to the toxic dose. Therefore, it is not recommended for all people to supplement selenium, especially those health care products marked with a large amount of fortified selenium. At present, cases of selenium poisoning have been reported at home and abroad, and the poisoning symptoms include rash (blister), dry hair, nail shedding, nausea and vomiting, nerve paralysis, hemiplegia, convulsion and cardiomyopathy.
Reference materials? Health news-selenium deficiency increases the chance of canceration of atrophic gastritis