Chongqing is China's inland megacity, hanging in the United Nations hall of the world map, just marked the name of China's four cities, one of which is Chongqing. Our city is unique in its natural geography and distinct in its human geography. Almost everyone who comes here can feel a strong visual impact and mind-blowing power. In China, you cannot find a city similar to Chongqing. In Chongqing, it is not difficult for you to experience the intersection and impact of tradition and modernity, history and future.
One, the city of water and mountains - Chongqing, surrounded by water, topography and urban endowment of Chongqing is known as the "city of water and mountains", because Chongqing is the north of the Daba Mountains, the east of the Wushan Mountains, southeast of the Wuling Mountains, the south of the Daliushan, the topography from the north and south of the Yangtze River Valley tilt, undulation is large. The terrain is tilted from north to south towards the Yangtze River Valley, with large undulations. The landscape is mainly hilly and mountainous, with a large area of slopes and typical karst landscapes such as stone forests, peak forests, caves and canyons. The whole city of Chongqing is characterized by layers of hills and undulations. The main city of Chongqing and many districts and counties are situated completely on the mountains, which is a typical "mountain city". In addition to the mountains, Chongqing has a lot of water. Chongqing rivers and streams, the Yangtze River from west to east across the territory, the process is 665km long, the Jialing River from the northwest, three folds into the Yangtze River. The Chongqing section of the Yangtze River main stream brings together five major tributaries such as the Jialing River, the Qiujiang River, the Fuling River, the Wujiang River, the Daning River and hundreds of smaller rivers, plus lakes such as the Longevity Lake, the Xiaonanhai Lake and the Qinglong Lake, with an average annual total water resources of about 500 billion m3, the first in the country in terms of the area of water per km2. We can almost without exaggeration say that the whole city of Chongqing stands on water. Chongqing's climate is subtropical monsoon humid, hot in summer and warm in winter, humid and cloudy, with high temperatures, a long rainy season, few frosts and snowfalls, many cloudy days and high humidity. In spring and summer, it always rains at night and clears up in the daytime, and this unique climate creates the poetic "Night Rain in Bashan". Li Shangyin, a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote "Night Rain Sends North" in Chongqing, which vividly depicts the climatic characteristics of night rain in Chongqing. "I ask you if there is a date for my return, but the night rain in Bashan rises in the autumn pool. When **** cut the candles in the west window, but talk about the night rain in Bashan". The Bashan night rain has become the symbol of Chongqing's poetic habitat and the mood of deep longing. The most prominent feature of Chongqing city is the rolling landscape with a strong sense of three-dimensionality and hierarchy. The city is located at the confluence of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River, surrounded by mountains, and the main city is surrounded by water on three sides. The whole city is built on the mountains, built near the river, cascading up, the Yangtze River, Jialing River through the city, in Chaotianmen confluence after rolling down to the east. The city has steep slopes and steep roads, with overlapping buildings, and the mountains and the city have become one. City in the mountains, mountains in the water, mountains in the city, city in the mountains, the mountains that is the city, the city that is the mountains. Therefore, Chongqing is both a "mountain city" and a "river city". As a large city, Chongqing is the only city in China that is built entirely on the hills surrounded by two rivers, with the green coverage rate of the main urban area reaching more than 27.1%, and the architectural complexes and nature merging into one, constituting a uniquely charming landscape garden city. Moreover, Chongqing landscape garden is a natural native mountains, water, do not need to add fake mountains and rocks, which is rarely found in other big cities. "There are mountains without water is not beautiful, there is water without mountains is not strong." The mountains are the pride of Chongqing, creating the atmosphere and boldness of Chongqing people, the water is the softness of Chongqing, giving the Chongqing people dynamic and intelligent. It is the mountains and water cast the soul of Chongqing city, Chongqing people's temperament. Confucius said, "Those who know are happy with the water, and those who are benevolent are happy with the mountains." The modern metropolis of Chongqing, open the door to the mountains, out of the house to see the water, push the window to see the green, and nature so zero distance, is our Chongqing people great happiness. The city flower of Chongqing is designated as camellia, because Chongqing has a lot of mountains and water, plenty of water, humid air is very suitable for the growth of camellia. Chongqing's public places, scenic areas, courtyards, platforms commonly planted, camellia with its bright and colorful and enthusiastic flowers won her Chongqing citizens love. The city tree of Chongqing is the yellow joring tree with tenacious vitality, deep roots and leaves, enduring high temperature and humidity, and facing the wind on the cliffs, which is rooted in the land of Bayu and encourages the children of the mountain city to be self-improvement with its rich and luxuriant branches and leaves. The camellia and the yellow joring tree have become the symbols of Chongqing's urban style.
Two, the city of motion - Chongqing modern city of big spirit and big weather
(a) urban plaza big spirit, fashion and culture of big strokes. Chongqing has many mountains and roads, less flat, so Chongqing people have a deep square plot, built a lot of even the plains of the city can not be compared to the square. Chongqing's plaza and commercial circles, pedestrian streets organically combined together, so that Chongqing's plaza of the plaza and the plaza of the large, rare in the country. Chongqing's main city of Jiefangbei, Jiangbei, Nanan, Shapingba, Yangjiaping large-scale plaza, both in different styles of pedestrian streets, but also shopping popularity of the five shopping district. Chaotianmen Square set of water, land transportation hub and tourism, public leisure and other functions in one, is the new Chongqing is very characteristic of a symbol of the building, is overlooking the two rivers convergence of the two rivers, the riverboat to and from the scenery of the perfect place to go. Three Gorges Plaza is divided into four parts: Green Art Garden, Commercial and Cultural Street, Celebrity Sculpture Garden and Three Gorges Landscape Garden, which is a large-scale city square integrating commerce, culture, landscape and leisure. Jiefangbei Center Shopping Plaza, luxurious and imposing, is the symbol of the prosperous city, and its pedestrian street is the most imposing and largest pedestrian street in western China. Some people say, "Walking in Jiefangbei is like being in Manhattan, New York". The People's Square, which consists of the opulent People's Auditorium and the plaza in front of it and the modern building across the street, the Three Gorges Museum, is Chongqing's municipal, cultural and recreational square, as well as a venue for the city's grand gatherings and events. Every night there will be nearly several thousand people spontaneously dance "damba" (i.e. "square") dance, this spectacular collective dance scene, become a square culture with Chinese characteristics, become a major feature of Chongqing landscape. The central leadership came to Chongqing to see the people's square dancing on the lively scene, very happy, with the people.
(2) three-dimensional transportation landscape, flow melody big music. Chongqing's transportation city is very distinctive, built a "water", "land", "air" three-dimensional transportation network. The so-called "water", has been far from the traditional sense of the wooden boat, including hydrofoils, luxury boats, bridges and other modern water transportation and facilities. It is worth mentioning that Chongqing's bridge. Chongqing's bridge is not a small bridge on the water in the South, but the rift valley across the bridge. Chongqing bridges, the number of bridges in the world is unique, so that there is a "bridge" reputation. Miles of the Yangtze River has been built or under construction on the 56 bridges, Chongqing territory accounted for 23, ranking first in the basin. In the main city range of the two rivers, has built the Yangtze River Bridge, Masaanxi Bridge, Lijiatuo Bridge, Googongyan Bridge, Dafosi Bridge, Huanghuayuan Bridge, Yu'ao Bridge, Gaojiahuayuan Bridge, Shimen Bridge, Jialingjiang River Bridge and other 14 styles of large modern bridges, as well as 6 under construction. Chongqing bridges are not only numerous, but also a complete range of arch bridges, cable-stayed bridges, suspension bridges, continuous steel bridges, T-type steel bridges and other types of bridges, domestic bridges in Chongqing have. It can be said that Chongqing is the largest bridge museum in China. The bridges, like the wings of the city in the rapid takeoff, become the rainbow that embellishes the city. The so-called "land", naturally refers to land transportation, Chongqing's land transportation personality is prominent, brilliant, there are modern high-speed roads, roads, there are often dozens or even hundreds of stone steps (Chongqing people called "ladder kan"), and there are nine curves and eighteen discs of the mountain Small roads. Highways and streets in the main city, winding under the mountains, circling the hillside, undulating in the ridges. In Chongqing, walking, is a great pleasure, it allows you to experience the "seven up and eight down" fun; in Chongqing, by car is also a great pleasure, it allows you to experience the car like a boat ride, ups and downs, a full addiction. The so-called "empty", not referring to Chongqing's international air transport, but the guide to the mountain, Gele Mountain, Nanquan and many other scenic ropeways, such as lifting the bucket like the Chaotianmen pier cable car, in the city between the skyscrapers through the city as a colorful ribbon like the city light rail, the whole field of 112 meters, ranked as the first in Asia's longest, the first steepest gradient of the Caiyuanba Crown Escalator, the modern forms of transportation, the absolute diversity of the city. The variety of modern forms of transportation is definitely rare in other cities. In particular, Chongqing connects two large rivers across the river cableway, unique to the country, visitors ride on it, like a cloud, there is a kind of air flying surprise and joy, in the surprise and excitement of slow appreciation of Chongqing mountains surrounded by water embracing the natural beauty of the city. It can be said that the three-dimensional, diversified mass transit, increasing the city's sense of movement, like a flowing melody, is the modern city of Chongqing's majestic symphonic movement.
(3) the night scene of the mountain city big scene, breathtaking weather. Chongqing night scene has been famous since ancient times, the Qing Dynasty Qianlong years that is one of the "Twelve Scenes of Bayu". The beautiful night color is unforgettable, like a splash of ink in capitalist landscape painting, hazy through the poetry. High and low buildings on the mountains and the water, boats day and night in the river, for the beautiful and fascinating night view of the mountain city to create the objective conditions. Ancient night scene is beautiful, can only be oil lamps, candles, torches of the light, stars, difficult to illuminate the whole city. Nowadays, urban construction is rapidly changing, river, mountain, city, building, road coordinated development, lights and flashing neon will be Chongqing night embellished with fantastic and bright. Lights reflected in the rippling river water, staggered, like a beating note. Under the colorful lights, the new Chongqing is not only beautiful in the waterfront, but also in all corners of the city. At this time, the night Chongqing is clear, prosperous, perfect and pleasing to the eye. The charm of Chongqing at night lies in the combination of softness and rigidity, the real and the imaginary. Mount Nanshan "a tree", the night view of the city in full view: the main city rising skyscrapers, covered with eye-catching neon lights, the night sky lit up; Riverside Road, orange lights connected to a flowing ribbon, like a dancing dragon, full of vigor, bursting with youthful vitality; the rippling surface of the river The glistening river, ten thousand lights reflected in the water, forming countless gold and silver columns of light, the seven colors of light intertwined, full of poetry and picturesque. The whole city of Chongqing seems to be a glorious floating palace on the water, beautiful and hazy. The State Ministry of Construction has been included in the first national Chongqing lights city lights construction projects for high-standard planning, will be the basis of the best, the best potential of Chongqing night scene to build a more international, modernized, and become a more attractive Chinese business card.
(4) beautiful women like clouds on the big stage, enviable big scenery. Chongqing is full of beautiful women and is a city where people can linger on beautiful women alone. Jiefangbei Pedestrian Street is the world's largest gathering of pretty girls and crowds of pretty girls, "three steps a Maggie Cheung, five steps a Lin Qingxia," describing the Jiefangbei beauty of the many. There is a sea of flowers there, the pedestrian street is like a huge beauty contest, the whole street is swarming with groups of beautiful girls, dazzling people. Beauty expert Ms. Jin Yuxi also said that the most beautiful women in the country are in Chongqing. Chongqing has a very popular word called "looking", referring to the liberation monument on the bench in the center of the street search scanning eyes, the common saying is called the eyes over the birth of the elegant expression is called the beauty of the meal. Chongqing girls are slim, tender skin, natural water, natural charm. Chongqing girls are the kind of vibrant girls, sometimes gentle as water, sometimes passionate like fire, not only has the woman's delicate, but also with a little man's masculinity character. They dare to love and hate the character in the country has a reputation. They are straightforward personality, spicy and bold, generous and brash, cheerful and capable, straight-talking, with the character of the north, the south of the pretty. They will be very righteous, even if it is a lady can also be loud with your fist; they dare to wear, dare to dress up, dare to be different, wearing clothes is always so avant-garde, so close to the fashion, and even lead the trend. Chongqing girls look beautiful and character of the reason, because of the geographic environment of the moisturizing, food culture of cultivation, the advantages of immigrant cities. Chongqing like a natural beauty salon, girls do not rely on cosmetics to maintain moisture, many rivers and a large number of hot springs, as well as the humid climate, has a natural moisturizing function, moist air so that the skin is in a long-term moisturizing state. Chongqing high slopes and steep roads, everywhere to climb downhill, want to not exercise can not, creating a good body and fitness Chongqing girls vitality, this natural fitness, do not need to lose weight, not at all worried about the hair body. Chongqing women are the most attractive women in the world. Beauty is a bright landscape in Chongqing.
Three, the city of passion - Chongqing people straight and bold character
(a) The character of the people is the city style, straight and bold, magnificent. Chongqing people live in the Bayu mountainous area, its character is branded with the natural landscape of mountains and rivers. Regional characteristics of Chongqing people caused by the character of the bold and generous: mountains and rivers so that Chongqing men passionate and tough and bold, the daughter of the soft and heroic; climatic environment shaped the Chongqing people temperament robust and fiery: here the air moist, moist days, a pinch of water, where the sunshine is hot and fiery, fiery temper, a little bit on the burning. Humanistic tradition has decided to Chongqing people's bloodline flaunts an indomitable spirit of struggle: when the Mongolian iron cavalry swept across Europe and Asia, the Yuan army down in Sichuan, ready to seize Chongqing, and then down the river to destroy the Southern Song Dynasty, but unexpectedly, but also played in Chongqing for 36 years, repeatedly attacked, and finally known as the Europeans, "God's Whip" of the Khan Mongkol, in the Diaoyu City, the death of hate. The last is known as the European "God's whip" Khan Mongkol, in the Diaoyu City, hate war death. Chongqing Diaocheng became a place to rewrite the history of the world. (In July 1259, Mongol Khan Mongkol died in Diaoyu City, which created a vacuum of Mongolian supreme power, leading to the large-scale invasion of Europe, the Mongol cavalry in Moscow have returned to fight for the throne, so that the history of Europe can be in accordance with the development of the way we now know). Chongqing people are known nationwide for their straightforwardness and bravado. The word "Xiongqi" roared out by Chongqing fans is a male cry, reflecting a masculine spirit, which is reflected in the city's style as "male Chongqing". Chongqing people's favorite word is "straight". "Gengzhi" means "uprightness", "sincerity", "decisiveness" in the Chongqing population, "justice" and "not hypocritical", "not pretentious" and other meanings synonymous with these meanings are derived from the Chongqing people's character of brash and strong, rugged and tenacious, optimistic and open-minded, upright and righteous, These meanings are all derived from Chongqing people's character of bold and strong, rugged and tenacious, optimistic and open-minded, upright and righteous, tough and loyal, hard-working, enthusiastic and diligent. The word "cub" is the most typical dialect of Chongqing, referring to Chongqing people who are full of vigor and personality. "Chongqing cubs" is the recognition and praise of Chongqing people from all over the world. Chongqing is a typical immigrant city. History **** appeared six times a big migration, only the modern history of the two big migrants: the war period of social heroes from all walks of life gathered here, bringing together a large number of inwardly relocated enterprises, the "three lines of construction" (from 1964 to 1978, in central and western China, thirteen provinces, autonomous regions carried out a large-scale war as the guiding ideology for the defense, science and technology, industry and transportation infrastructure). National defense, science and technology, industry and transportation infrastructure construction, known as the three lines of construction), and set the country's elite in Chongqing. Bayu people's distant ancestors of the mountain people township clan culture, the water people dock club culture, the public metropolis secular culture and other historical and cultural inheritance, coupled with the war of resistance to accompany the capital of the integrated immigrant culture, the three lines of enterprises within the migration of people's culture, directly under the jurisdiction of the Chongqing open immigrant culture of the comprehensive role of the culture of various ways, the formation of the people of Chongqing hospitable, open tendency to the new, to accept the five lakes and all over the world of the wide and tolerant character. Therefore, Chongqing people have a very open mind, Chongqing city has a very open atmosphere, which leads to the city's grandeur, passionate, with unlimited tension.
(2) "麻、辣、烫、鲜、脆" in one pot, hot pot culture represents the culture of the city. Chongqing hot pot originated in the river boatman's life, and its cultural essence is Chongqing's dock culture. Dockside culture is an eclectic, open and bold culture, and Chongqing hot pot is to meet the needs of this cultural lifestyle, so its popularity is getting stronger and spreading more and more. The key to eating Chongqing hot pot lies in eating a happy atmosphere, eating a kind of unrestrained, self-satisfied scenario. Chongqing hot pot has been recognized and loved by the world, throughout the country, the world famous, red all over the north and south of the Yangtze River, has become the most popular one of the food products, Chongqing food culture has become the hot gold "business card". Chongqing hot pot as the representative of the Chongqing cuisine, has become a wonder in China's food culture. Chongqing people from abroad back to Chongqing, get off the boat or walk off the plane, the first thing is to go straight to the hot pot restaurant to eat a meal. Eat authentic Chongqing hot pot, can only be eaten in Chongqing, especially the streets and alleys of the store more flavor. In the hot summer, you can often see Chongqing people behind the fan, chest hot hot pot, eat very addictive scene. Eating hot pot is like a sauna, eat the process of sweaty, eat after the body through the Thai, refreshing. Chongqing people will eat good food, known throughout the country. Chongqing people have turned "eating" into a kind of natural landscape experience, called "landscape special dining". Chongqing people's favorite places to eat are either in the mountains or by the water. Nanshan, Gele Mountain and the two rivers along the river food and beauty connected, sitting on the riverside or boat hotel, looking at the beautiful night scenery, tasting the fresh and spicy food, dining in the landscape idyll, is not a pleasure! Chongqing people like excitement, do not stick to the rules, like to innovate, chefs do not love to cook according to the recipe, folk chefs often create a variety of new dishes, spread in Chongqing, and then spread to the north and south of the river. Most of the delicious things in Chongqing, such as the famous Chongqing dishes are: chicken with spicy chicken, spring water chicken, tile chicken, spit chicken, bamboo shoots chicken, Anping chicken, roasted rooster, called chicken, stick chicken, bandit chicken, mountain fungus roasted chicken, Qianjiang chicken miscellaneous, etc.; duck beer duck, duck, incense altar duck, camphor tea duck, duck, duck, duck, old duck soup, bubble altar drunken duck, etc.; fish have dry roasted fish, crispy fish, hot and spicy fish, boiled fish, to phoenix fish, sauerkraut fish, Hot Pot Fish, Tai'an Fish, Sour Soup Fish, Wujiang Fish, Baidu Fish, Douhua Fish, Sanmei Fish, Posting Carp, etc.; and there are also folk specialties such as Dry-fried Eel Duan, Spicy Whelk, Hairy Blood Wanton, Spicy Crab, Pickled Pepper Beefff Frog, Goose Paw, What Rabbit, and Chengkou Roasted Bacon. If you want to try Chongqing snacks, it is best to Jiefangbei eight all the way to the "delicious street", spit chicken, chicken tofu brain, East East package, cold noodles, Sichuan cold noodles, marinated duck palms, hot and sour noodles, etc., over the bridge copra, dan dan noodles, chicken oil dumplings, mash and other famous snacks so that you have enough to eat will also go around, just hate their own tummies are not big enough. There is an aching feeling in eating Chongqing dishes, and Chongqing is a city that makes people salivate with hunger. Chongqing is a good place for living and sightseeing: Chongqing is full of beautiful women and feeds the eyes! Hot pot is spicy, feeds the mouth! The air is humid, nourishes the face! There are many mountain roads, nourishing the body! The surrounding mountains and forests are many, nourishing the sex! ......
Four, "ancient city" - Chongqing's long and heavy history and culture Chongqing Chongqing is China's famous historical and cultural city, centered on the Three Gorges area is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation. One of the birthplace of the Chinese nation. About 2 million years ago, there were ancient apes named "Wushan Man" in Wushan, which is one of the most ancient primitive human beings on the earth discovered so far. The "Daxi Culture" in the east of Chongqing and the "Tongliang Culture" in the west of Chongqing are typical representatives of the Paleolithic and Neolithic cultures. The Three Gorges area has given birth to the splendid Three Gorges Culture, and at the same time nurtured the renowned Bayu Culture. The history of Chongqing is the history of three capitals, three openings and three administrations. Three capitals: The first one was established in the 11th century B.C. The Ba people established the capital of the ancient Ba State in Chongqing, which was called "Jiangzhou". Since the Jialing River joins the Yangtze River here, the Jialing River was known as Yushui in ancient times, and the Sui Dynasty set up Yushu here, so Chongqing was simply called "Yu". And because this is the Southern Song dynasty son of Song Guangzong Zhao Dun's subterranean land, in this place to set up the government is called "Chongqing House", to Zhi double celebration. The name "Chongqing" continues to this day, has a history of more than 800 years. The second is the end of the Yuan Ming Yuzhen built Chongqing, the country's capital, Daxia. The third is the anti-Japanese war period, the national government moved the capital to Chongqing, Chongqing became China's wartime capital, declared in 1940 for the capital, was then the highest command of the national anti-Japanese war and anti-fascist, the political, economic and cultural center of China's backyard, became the Chinese nation's resistance to the war and salvation of the base of the backyard. Three openings: the first opening was the powers in 1891, "the Treaty of Yantai, China and Britain continued to add a special article" to force Chongqing to open the port, Chongqing formally became a port of entry for foreign trade, and became the western powers to Sichuan and even the southwest of the "gateway". In China's remote inland areas, Chongqing was the first city to open up. This opening made Chongqing an industrial center and transportation center, becoming the center of the inland city. The second opening was forced by the Japanese imperialist invasion in 1937. The influx of enterprises and talents made Chongqing complete the process of modernization in the course of the national defense war. Chongqing became an international metropolis. The third opening up was after 1978 when Chongqing took the initiative to join the tide of reform and opening up, and became the first pilot city of comprehensive reform of the national economic system and a separately listed city. This conscious opening up accelerated the process of Chongqing's modernization, and Chongqing became a modern megacity. The first one was in 1935, when Chongqing was upgraded to a municipality by the national government. After the national government returned the capital to Nanjing, Chongqing remained a municipality. In the early years of New China, Chongqing became a municipality directly under the central government, and was the seat of the Southwest Bureau of the Central Government, the Southwest Military and Political Commission and the Southwest Military Region, as well as the political, economic and cultural center of the Southwest region. 1954 saw the abolition of the region, and Chongqing became a municipality of Sichuan Province. The third jurisdiction in March 14, 1997, by the Eighth National People's Congress of the fifth session of the review and approval, Chongqing officially became China's fourth, the only municipality in the western region, Chongqing was once again established as a central municipality, opened a new page in the history of Chongqing construction and development.
The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River:The Three Gorges is a section of the Yangtze River, and to understand the Three Gorges you first have to start by understanding the Yangtze River. We are all familiar with the Song of the Yangtze River, right? "You come from the snowy mountains, the spring tide is your abundance; you run towards the East China Sea, the shocking waves are your vigor. You feed the children of all races with your sweet milk; you hold up the mountains and the sea with your healthy arms. We praise the Yangtze River, you are an infinite source; we are attached to the Yangtze River, you have a mother's affection." This song has become a classic melody of Chinese music, which graphically depicts the ripples and twists and turns of the Yangtze River and expresses the majesty of the water of the Yangtze River as it rushes all the way from the snow-capped mountains. The Yangtze River is the largest river in China, originating from the southwest side of the main peak of the Tanggula Mountains on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with a total length of more than 6,300 kilometers, the length of which ranks third in the world; the basin area is more than 1.8 million square kilometers. It accounts for about 36% of the total river runoff in China and ranks third in the world in terms of water volume, second only to the Amazonia River and the Congo River, and is equivalent to 20 times the volume of the Yellow River. The Yangtze River has thousands of tributaries, the main tributaries are Yalong River, Minjiang River, Jialing River, Wujiang River, Hanjiang River and 49 other tributaries. The watershed areas of the four major tributaries of the Jialing, Min and Yalong Rivers are all over 100,000 square kilometers. The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are the most concentrated area of freshwater lakes in China, mainly Poyang Lake, Dongting Lake, Great Lake and Chaohu Lake. The common names of different channels of the Yangtze River are: above the mouth of Batang River in Yushu County, Qinghai Province, they are called Totuo River and Tongtian River; from the mouth of Batang River to the mouth of Minjiang River in Yibin, Sichuan Province, they are called Jinsha River; from Yibin to Yichang, Hubei Province, they are called Chuanyang River; the area around the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River is called Xiajiang River; from Zhicheng, Hubei Province, to Chengling Alum in Yueyang, Hunan Province, it is commonly called Jingjiang River; and the section of the river below Zhenjiang of Jiangsu Province is called Yangzijiang River because of Yangzizin Ferry Port in the ancient times. The Yangzi River now refers to the lower reaches of the Yangtze River below Wuhan. The Yangtze River, a hundred rivers and a thousand streams, through the mountains and valleys, vast and majestic, in Chongqing to Hubei formed the world-famous Grand Canyon, creating a majestic and magnificent Three Gorges 100-mile landscape painting gallery. The Three Gorges is the general name of the three gorges, namely Qutang Gorge, Wu Gorge and Xiling Gorge. Naturally speaking, the Three Gorges is the iconic section of the beautiful Yangtze River, and humanistically speaking, the Three Gorges is the colorful music of the Yangtze River civilization. The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River is like a magical natural scroll and a cultural and artistic corridor, which is a national tourist attraction integrating sightseeing, scientific research and antiquity, art appreciation, cultural research, folklore picking and architectural investigation. The majestic landscape scenery, rich history and culture and numerous scenic spots make the Three Gorges a famous golden tourism line and a world-famous sightseeing destination in China. Because of the Three Gorges, the Yangtze River becomes more majestic and the scenery becomes extraordinarily beautiful. Three Gorges scenery is the essence of the Yangtze River scenery, the jewel in the landscape of God's country, throughout the ages, the Three Gorges has left generations of artists and writers to swim in the ancient song, the Three Gorges tourism has been the unchanging theme of the Miles Yangtze River. The Three Gorges exists because of the Yangtze River, and the Yangtze River is proud of the Three Gorges. American Roosevelt once said that every American must go to see the Colorado Grand Canyon, because the canyon is carved out of the thrill of time slowly. Compared with the sheer sandstone gully roughness of the Colorado Grand Canyon, the Three Gorges more perfectly combines mountains, water and cultural landscapes, and it is the only Grand Canyon among the top five Grand Canyons in the world that can be visited by boat on a large river. There are many big rivers and canyons in the world, but either there are rivers without canyons or canyons without rivers, and only China's Three Gorges of the Yangtze River has both the famous river and the majestic canyon in one scenery. If the Yangtze River is a symphony, then entering the Three Gorges begins its most colorful movement. The second part: the creation of the Three Gorges (introducing the geographic evolution of the Three Gorges) The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River is a masterpiece of nature. There are many beautiful legends about the formation of the Three Gorges. The most typical, the most widely circulated is the "Dayu open river" that the mainstream of the Yangtze River is not the earliest through the current Three Gorges flow down, but through the ancient South River "rainwater". As the world was flooded at that time, Dayu decided the Wushan Mountain, so that the river could pass through the east, and finally the Yangtze River "flowed eastward and injected into the five lakes (Dongting Lake, Poyang Lake, Taihu Lake, Hongze Lake and Chaohu Lake in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River), and the water of the Three Gorges has been unimpeded since then, so that the main stream of Yangtze River has changed to flow from the present river (i.e. the Beijiang River). There are historical records of Dayu guiding the river and ruling the Three Gorges. Confucius in the Spring and Autumn, Zhu Geliang in the Han Dynasty, Guo Pu in the Jin Dynasty, Li Daoyuan in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and other celebrities of all times have discussed. (For another legend, see Appendix I.) These wonderful myths and legends about the formation of the Three Gorges merely reflect the strong desire of the ancient people in their long struggle with the flood. From the point of view of geological development, the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River is obviously not an artificial excavation or the work of the ghost axe, but a strong orogenic movement caused by the land and sea changes and the development of the river as a result. The Three Gorges geomorphological changes can be described by the sea and land changes. Ancient times, the Three Gorges area is a sea. 180 million years ago, the Indo-Chinese orogenic movement, so that the formation of land in South China and North China land as a whole, China's topography east high and west low, the southwest is still part of the ancient Mediterranean Sea, the ancient Yangtze River flows from east to west to the ancient Mediterranean Sea. Seventy million years ago, the Yanshan orogenic movement made the Wushan mountain range rise from north to south, cutting off the ancient Yangtze River, so the ancient Yangtze River east of the Wushan Mountain that is to the east, the ancient Yangtze River west of the Wushan Mountain is still flowing to the west. Forty million years ago at the beginning of the Cenozoic Era, the Himalayan orogenic movement is extraordinary, so that China's western region rapidly uplifted, the formation of the world's third highest peak and the entire Tibetan Plateau and China's western high and eastern low terrain, forcing the vast western water to the east to go to the Wushan Mountain Range to wash and cut the Yangtze River blocking the Wushan Mountain Range. The Yangtze River left and right, and finally the waves of the Wushan Mountain Range, to take the road to the formation of the magnificent and majestic, unparalleled Yangtze River Three Gorges Grand Canyon. The Yangtze River is forever "eastward", and from then on, "the Yangtze River rolls on and on"! (The stages of the formation of the Three Gorges, see Annex II) The Three Gorges came out of nowhere, the geographic wonders of the ghostly work of God, majestic, magnificent, dangerous, strange natural beauty, is the Creator of the earth carved and carved out of the world's masterpieces. Three Gorges is the movement of nature on the surface of the earth left all kinds of wonders in the most thrilling, the most majestic and spectacular wonderful chapter, is a miracle of nature. On both sides of the Three Gorges, you can enjoy the world-rare canyon landscapes, cave landscapes, famous mountains and water features, primitive forests, and more than 4,000 years of history and culture and the remains of ancient human activities 2 million years ago. Mountain is the skeleton and body of the Three Gorges; water is the soul and blood of the Three Gorges. The Three Gorges is the largest national geopark in China, known as the "Geological Museum", which has preserved the complete and rich stratigraphic paleontological data and geological and geomorphological phenomena that are extremely rare in the world. Part III: History of the Three Gorges (Introducing the history of civilization development of the Three Gorges) The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River is not only the Grand Canyon in the geographical sense, but also one of the earliest areas in China and even in Asia inhabited by ancient human beings, and one of the earliest birthplaces of ancient civilizations of human beings in China and the world. The famous paleoanthropologist Pei Wenzhong once predicted: "We now call the Peking ape man our old ancestor, but where is the old ancestor of the Peking ape man? I think we should explore around the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River." Now, archaeologists have identified the general outline of human activities in the Three Gorges in a large number of ruins. In the Paleolithic site of Wushan Dragon Bone Slope, fossils of ancient human beings were found more than 2 million years ago, proving that "Wushan Man" is the earliest human being found in the world; the Neolithic site of Daxi Culture demonstrates the human ingenuity in the Three Gorges; the ancient Three Gorges area is also a place for the Three Gorges people to learn about the ancient culture of China. The Neolithic site Daxi Culture demonstrates the intelligence of the Three Gorges human beings; the ruins and graveyards of the ancient Ba people in the Three Gorges area reflect that the Three Gorges was the political, economic and cultural center of the Ba people, and it is the main place for solving the riddle of the history of the ancient Ba people. The civilization of the Yangtze River is comparable to that of the Yellow River. The Three Gorges is also one of the important birthplaces of ancient Chinese culture, another cradle and important channel of Chinese civilization. In the course of history, the Yangtze River connects the Wu-Yue culture in the lower reaches, Jing-Chu culture in the middle reaches and Ba-Shu culture in the upper reaches. And the Three Gorges, like a huge knot, communicates the Jianghan Plain and Chengdu Plain, connects Ba Shu civilization and Jing Chu civilization, and creates the complete Yangtze River civilization. On both sides of the Three Gorges, there are ancient architectural and cultural relics such as the Xia, Shang and Zhou ruins, the Qin palisades, the Chu balconies, the Fengdu Ghost City, the Shibaozhai in Zhongxian County, the Baidi City in Fengjie, the Zhang Fei Temple in Yunyang, the Yiling (Yichang, Hubei Province) Ancient Battlefield, the Quyuan's hometown, the Zhaojun's hometown, the Bazhongtu, the Yong'an Palace, the White Crane Leung in Fuling, the Huangling Temple and other ancient buildings and cultural relics which, together with the magnificent natural landscape, have unfolded to the people the gigantic scroll of thousands of years' culture and history. It can be said that the Hundred Mile Three Gorges is an umbilical cord that feeds the Chinese civilization for 5,000 years, and if there is no such channel, the cultural history of the Chinese nation is crippled. The fourth part: the magnificent three gorges (introducing the natural scenery of the three gorges) three gorges is China's most memorable landscape, the elementary school textbook income "song of the Yangtze River" so that many people for the first time to recognize the Yangtze River's grandeur; secondary school textbook Li Bai "towards the Baidi colorful clouds, thousands of miles of jiangling one day also, the two sides of the apes crowing can not be, the light boat has been through the ten thousand mountains" of the famous poem, and Liu Baiyu's "the Yangtze River", and Liu Baiyu's "the Yangtze River". and Liu Baiyu's "Three Gorges of the Yangtze River", so that we further appreciate the Three Gorges of the majestic and magnificent; Mr. Yu Qiuyu in the "Cultural Journey - Three Gorges" in the text of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, the unique charm of the scenic attractions and the mood of the rendering of the fullest, once again and again, deepen our impression of the Three Gorges. The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River is 193 kilometers long, starting from Baidi City in Fengjie, Chongqing in the west and ending at Nanjin Pass in Yichang, Hubei in the east. What we usually refer to as the Three Gorges scenery is the 600-kilometer-long gorge from Chongqing to Yichang. The entire Three Gorges is located in the mountains, high mountains and deep valleys on both sides of the cliffs and peaks. The Three Gorges, "water gorges, forests, springs and caves, all-encompassing; majestic, beautiful, steep and quiet, there is nothing strange"; the scenery of the spectacular, the weather of the grand, accounted for all the world's natural scenery.