1, the first destruction
Time: the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty
Key figure: Dong Zhuo
Originally: Dong Zhuo's Rebellion
Dong Zhuo
In April of the sixth year of the Zhongping era of the Eastern Han Dynasty (189 A.D.), Emperor Liu Hong of the Ling Dynasty of the Han Dynasty collapsed at the Jiade Palace. The young emperor Liu Wei succeeded to the throne. As Liu Wei was too young to understand things, he was temporarily ruled by Empress Dowager He, and the power of the Emperor was even weaker. The eunuchs and relatives struggled fiercely to gain special power to control the imperial authority. Dong Zhuo entered the city of Luoyang and took control of the dynasty by force, abrogating the young emperor of Han and installing Liu Xie as Emperor Xian of Han. Subsequently, Yuan Shao and other lords crusaded against Dong Zhuo, who coerced Emperor Xian of Han to move the capital to Chang'an to avoid the crusade, and burned down the palaces, government offices, and people's homes before he left, resulting in the destruction of all the buildings in the 200-mile radius of Luoyang, which was the first time that the city was burned down after it was built in the Western Zhou Dynasty.
2. The second destruction
Time: Western Jin Dynasty - Yongjia Rebellion
Key figures: Liu Cong, Liu Yao
Originally: Yongjia Rebellion
Liu Cong, of Xiong Nu ethnicity, the fourth son of Liu Yuan, Emperor of the Han Zhao (the former Zhao), and the monarch of the Han Zhao during the period of the Sixteen Kingdoms, ruled in the period of 310 - 318. Three months after his accession to the throne, Liu Cong sent Liu Yao, Wang Mi and his son Liu Ch'ung, the king of Hanoi, to lead an attack on Luoyang. In the following year, Liu Cong sent another general, Hu Yan Yan, to attack Luoyang with 27,000 men. Hu Yan Yan attacked Luoyang before Liu Yao and the others arrived, captured the Pingchang Gate and looted the city, and burned the ships of Emperor Huai of Jin in the Luohui River, which the emperor was planning to use to escape. When Liu Yao and his men arrived, they attacked Luoyang together and captured Emperor Huai of Jin and Empress Yang, then transferred them to Pingyang. They also looted the palace and took all the palace staff and treasures, and killed the officials and clansmen. History is called the Yongjia Rebellion, so the Han Chinese in the Central Plains began the first great migration, and the establishment of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, China's history into the North and South Dynasties of the period of parallel.
3, the third destroyed
Time: the end of Tang Xuanzong
Key figures: An Lushan, Guo Ziyi
Originally: the An Shi Rebellion of the fight for Luoyang
Tang Xuanzong Tianbao fourteen years (755 years) winter, An Lushan, Shi Siming in Fanyang rose in revolt, captured the eastern capital of Luoyang, the vertical army looting. In the following year, An Lushan slandered the title of Emperor of Great Yan in Luoyang. In the second year of Zhide (757), An Qingxu, the son of An Lushan, killed An Lushan in the palace of Luoyang and succeeded to the throne. In the same year, Guo Ziyi recaptured Luoyang. In the second year of the Qianyuan reign (759), Shi Siming killed An Qingxu and proclaimed himself Emperor of Great Yan, and in the following year he conquered Luoyang. In the second year of Shangyuan (761), the Tang Dynasty recaptured Luoyang with the help of Huihe troops. During the An Shi Rebellion, the imperial capital Luoyang suffered heavy losses due to burning, killing and looting by the rebels and Huihe soldiers.
4, the fourth destruction
Time: the end of the Northern Song Dynasty
Key figure: Zhai Jin Jin Jin Taizong
Originally: the Song-Jin Luoyang battle
Jingkang disaster
A.D. 1127, the Jin soldiers broke through Kaifeng, capturing the Huiqin emperor, and in the same year, the Kang king Zhao Juan claimed the title of emperor in Nanjing (present-day Shangqiu, Henan Province) and established the Southern Song Dynasty. In December, the Jin soldiers targeted Luoyang and attacked again and captured the city. At this time, there were only 10,000 Song soldiers guarding the Song Tombs around Luoyang, as well as a thousand men recruited by Zhai Jin from the western Henan Province, who fought to the death with the Jin soldiers to capture Luoyang. In the end, the Jin soldiers had no choice but to give up Luoyang, set fire to some of the buildings there, and relocated the people to the north of the river. In April of the next year, Emperor Gaozong of Song ordered Zhai Jin to organize the Song soldiers to fight with the Jin soldiers in Luoyang again, but he lost again and again. The Jin soldiers attacked Luoyang again and fought with Zhai Jin's army, and captured Luoyang again, but at this time, the city of Luoyang was so full of smoke and the population was so sparse, that the Jin soldiers withdrew from Luoyang again. Since then, in 1129, 1132, 1133 to 1140, Song and Jin repeatedly in Luoyang city to fight, and finally in 1140, Luoyang finally fell.
Since 1127 to 1140 of more than a dozen years, the Song and Jin repeatedly scramble, Luoyang a few times to change its hands, the city whether the palace or the people's homes were destroyed, really is the bones exposed in the wild, thousands of miles of no chicken song.
5, the fifth destroyed
Time: the end of the Ming Dynasty
Key figure: Li Zicheng Fu Wang
Originally: Li Zicheng uprising
The end of the Ming Dynasty, Li Zicheng, Zhang Xianzhong, respectively, rose up. Li Zicheng in order to raise funds for the army, they played the idea of Luoyang, at this time Luoyang is the fiefdom of Zhu Changxun, the king of Fu, Zhu Changxun has countless silver and gold, but it is exceptionally miserly, not only the people of the city of Luoyang resent him, and even the soldiers of his house on his many dissatisfaction. And, because of Zhang Xianzhong in Sichuan, Luoyang's soldiers and horses are mostly transferred to Sichuan to pacify the rebellion, therefore, Luoyang belongs to a weak big fat. Li Zicheng, of course, would not let go of this great opportunity to capture Luoyang. In the first month of 1641 A.D., he led the insurgent army to the city of Luoyang, and opened the prelude to the attack on the city. Li Zicheng attacked the city of Luoyang, more than 10,000 dead and wounded in the city, the people are suffering, the city is afraid of burning, the brilliant Fu Wang Fu also went up in flames, the city of Luoyang has endured a major disaster, and it is this catastrophe caused the revival of the flame of the Luoyang has just been completely doused, and then the Luoyang once again sunk down.
The only remaining pair of stone lions of the Fu Wang Mansion, now standing in the square of the Palace of Youth in Luoyang