Weeding in the fields during the day and rubbing hemp thread at home at night, both men and women in the village have their own household affairs. Although the children can't plow and weave, they have learned to grow melons in the shade of mulberry trees.
The original text of Fan Chengda's Four Seasons Pastoral Miscellaneous Part 31 in the Song Dynasty:
During the day, weeding in the fields and rubbing hemp thread at home at night, the men and women in the village took on all the housework.
Although the children don't plow and weave, they also learn a kind of melon in the shade of mulberry trees.
Extended data
Creation background
Miscellaneous Interest in Summer Resort is the third part of a group of large-scale family poems "Miscellaneous Interest in Four Seasons" written by Fan Chengda, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, after he retired to his hometown. Poetry describes the rural scenery and farmers' life in summer. With simple language and subtle description, this poem enthusiastically praises the intense and busy working life of farmers.
Poetry appreciation
This poem describes the farmers' labor in summer. The first two sentences describe the hard work of men plowing and women weaving, and men and women in the village have their own housework. The last two sentences describe the children's reaction, "children and grandchildren have not learned the solution of farming and weaving, but also learn to grow melons in mulberry shade." The activities of children and adults also aroused his interest. But he didn't know how to farm and weave, but learned to grow melons under the shade of mulberry trees.
The children in the poem love labor, perhaps because they are temporarily interested in labor, or because they want to do something for their families, which shows their simple and kind hearts. This is a common phenomenon in rural areas, but it is quite distinctive, which shows the author's praise for rural children who love labor. The whole poem has an overview and close-ups, reflecting the situation of rural men, women and children participating in labor from different aspects, and has a strong flavor of life.
Famous comments
Mr. Qian Zhongshu wrote in Notes on Selected Poems of Song Dynasty: "Sixty Poems of Fan Chengda Four Seasons seem to sum up three lines: July, nostalgia for Tian She and Tian Jiaci, which makes the idyllic poems divorced from reality have a taste of dirt and sweat. According to his cordial impression, he vividly described the labor and life in the countryside all year round, and pastoral poetry gained life and expanded its situation. "
"Fan Chengda can be compared with Tao Qian, even better than him. Fan Chengda's pastoral poems are fresh, moist and beautiful in style, and especially love to sing about local customs, festivals and products, and send the production of local customs to schools in Liu Yang and Zhi Zhu, which is quite folk songs. "
Brief introduction of the author
Fan Chengda, whose real name is Intelligent, is a layman in Shihu. His father, Fan Nan, was a scholar in Xuanhe for six years and became a secretary in the harem of the Southern Song Dynasty, which was quite famous. His mother is the granddaughter of Cai Xiang, a famous minister in the Northern Song Dynasty, and the granddaughter of Wen Yanbo, the prime minister. Fan Chengda, who was born in a scholarly family, was influenced by traditional culture since childhood. /kloc-reading history at the age of 0/2,/kloc-writing at the age of 0/4.
Unfortunately, when he was a minor, his family changed and his parents died one after another. Fan Chengda was exhausted. He once stayed in a temple, enjoying reading and singing, and had no intention of becoming famous in the imperial examination. It took him 65,438+00 years. Later, with the help of his father's close friends, he was admitted to Shaoxing Jinshi in 24 years and began his career for 30 years.
After Fan Chengda became an official, he served as secretary of Huizhou Army, supervisor of Lin 'an Taiping Huimin Hutchison Bureau, examiner of Zheng Shengfu, editor of Privy Council, secretary of provincial orthography, proofreader and writer. In the second year of Avenue, the location of the History Museum was transferred to a government agency, except the official department, and then he went out to know the state. When he served in the state capital, he deeply felt that the officials were greedy for rent and harmed the people, created the law of "righteous service", built water conservancy projects and did something beneficial to the local people.
After staying on the main road for six years, he was sent to Guo Xu as a college student and lived in the fake minister hall in Lang Xianping. During his stay in the State of Jin, Fan Chengda always showed unyielding spirit in the face of threats from the ministers of the State of Jin, and even the ministers of the State of Jin had to admire him. Fan Chengda lived up to his mission and won the prestige of the imperial court in the Southern Song Dynasty. Therefore, he was highly valued by Song Xiaozong and praised by people in the ruling and opposition circles. After returning to the DPRK, he was promoted to the position of Sheren of Zhongshu and director of the record office.
Later, because of the invasion, he asked to return to Li. In the ninth year of Dadao, Fan Chengda was once again used as the envoy of Guangxi Anfu, and five years later, he was changed to Chengdu as the ambassador of Sichuan. No matter in the frontier or in ethnic minority areas, he can do something within his power to eliminate disadvantages and benefit the people, paying special attention to recruiting wise men and selecting talents.
1 178, Fan Chengda took Chinese medicine as a counselor and became a court minister, but only two months later, he was dismissed. Later, I learned that Mingzhou and Jiankang lived in Fuxi for ten years (1 183) and retired to Suzhou Shihu 10 due to illness.
Fan Chengda's achievements in poetry are even more brilliant. As a famous poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, Fan Chengda, together with Lu You, Yang Wanli and You Jiao, is called "the four outstanding poets of Zhongxing" and is highly respected for his fresh, moist and light poetic style.
Fan Chengda wrote more than 190 poems in his life. With the change of his life experience, his poetry creation presents different styles and a wide range of themes. There are poems describing the beautiful scenery of mountains and rivers, local customs, folk customs and farmers' sufferings and joys, as well as works that pay attention to state affairs and express themselves. Among them, poems expressing patriotic thoughts and feelings and pastoral poems reflecting rural farming and weaving life are the most successful.
He put his whole life's feelings into his poems, and wrote sixty four-season pastoral poems. Fan Chengda's four-season pastoral poems are all representative works of China's ancient pastoral poems. He inherited the tradition of pastoral poems by Tao Yuanming, Wang Wei and Yuan Qi since the Book of Songs, and pushed it to a brand-new stage. Fan Chengda surpassed his predecessors in the breadth and depth of rural life.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Four Seasons Pastoral Miscellaneous Fun (Part 31)