With the development of industrial production, transportation, urban construction and the increase of population density, especially the promotion of urbanization, the acceleration of road construction and the continuous increase of motor vehicle ownership, the pressure of environmental noise pollution prevention and control continues to increase, the environmental noise problem is becoming more and more serious, and noise complaints remain high.
Take Beijing as an example. Since 20 18, the average annual growth rate of noise complaints in Beijing has reached 50%. In 2020, the number of noise complaints will reach 1 10000, accounting for more than 60% of the total environmental complaints of 12345, among which social life noise is the main one, accounting for about 80%. 202 1, and the number of noise complaints reached 1.2 million in May alone.
2. There is no law enforcement basis and the punishment is small.
At present, the provisions of relevant laws and regulations on noise pollution are too broad, the applicable conditions of legal liability clauses are not specific, and there are no upper and lower limits of fines, which makes it difficult to enforce the law at the end of the specific implementation process.
In particular, laws, regulations and related standards have blind spots in the noise pollution of social life, such as the main body that produces noise when loading and unloading goods, noisy individuals, commercial entertainment places, square dances, etc. , resulting in insufficient law enforcement basis for noise problems, and many noise complaints are difficult to solve completely.
3. Insufficient attention and weak basic guarantee.
At present, the prevention and control of noise pollution in various places is relatively weak in terms of institutional setup, personnel strength, prevention and control projects and scientific research project support. According to statistics, by the end of 20 19, there were only 109 full-time noise managers in 337 cities above the prefecture level, and the number of full-time noise managers in institutions directly under the Ministry was insufficient 10. Noise pollution in many places has become a blind spot of pollution control.
In the aspect of acoustic environmental quality monitoring, there are some problems such as lack of monitoring point management methods, nonstandard point adjustment procedures, lagging point adjustment and insufficient representativeness.
4. Noise evaluation is inconsistent with feelings, and people's satisfaction is low.
With the rapid development of urban construction and the improvement of the complexity of noise pollution, it is too broad to evaluate the quality level of acoustic environment by using urban average at present, and the evaluation results can not reflect the real situation of pollution. In addition, in many service-oriented enterprises, noise-producing equipment is mostly located on the roof, outside the window and other places near residential buildings. Even if the discharge reaches the standard, it is still inconsistent with the people's personal feelings, and there is still a problem of disturbing the people.
5. The evaluation is flawed.
In the existing comprehensive evaluation of various eco-environmental quality, only environmental air, surface water, drinking water sources, soil, ecology, pollution sources and other factors are considered, and environmental noise is rarely included in the evaluation system.
Although the average environmental noise in urban areas does not exceed 60 dB (A), most cities in China meet the requirements of this index and cannot play a binding role.