Structural form: steel frame skeleton structure, staggered structure
English name: Eiffel Tower
Introduction and features: Eiffel Tower is an openwork structure built in 1889 in Paris, France, on the Place de la Guerre, the Tower, 300 meters high, the antenna is 24 meters high, a total height of 324 meters. Eiffel Tower is named after the design of its bridge engineers Gustave? Eiffel. The Tower's innovative and unique design is a technical masterpiece in the world's architectural history, thus becoming an important attraction and a prominent symbol of France and Paris. The tower is a steel skeleton structure, 324 meters high, weighing 10,000 tons. There are 57 meters above sea level, 115 meters and 274 meters of the three platforms can be visited, the fourth platform is 300 meters above sea level, set up a weather station. The top of the tower is equipped with an antenna for the Paris Television Center. From the ground to the top of the tower is equipped with elevators and steps, 710 steps. The Tower is a staggered structure, with four thick, iron columns with concrete-cement pedestals at a 75-degree angle to the ground supporting a soaring tower containing four hydraulic lifts (now elevators). It used more than 1,500 giant prefabricated girders, 1.5 million rivets, 12,000 steel castings, weighed a total of 7,000 tons, and took 250 workers 17 months to build at a cost of 7.4 million gold francs.
Two: Empire State Building, New York
Structural form: steel (concrete) structure
English name: Empire State Building
Introduction and features: The Empire State Building is a super-high-rise, modern office building, which, along with the Statue of Liberty, is known as the symbol of New York. The 381-meter-high Empire State Building, built above ground, has stood as the world's tallest building for 40 years since 1931, until 1971, when it was surpassed by the World Trade Center. on April 30, 1981, the Empire State Building, which stands 1,250 feet high and ***102 floors high in the heart of New York City, U.S.A., spent its 50th year in the spring and autumn. in the 1930's, the architects managed to add a section of 200-foot-high round towers to make the Empire State Building more compact and more efficient. round tower, giving the Empire State Building a height of 1,250 feet. The fact that the skyscraper was built in only 410 days can be considered a miracle in the history of architecture. For a long time, the Empire State Building was the tallest building in the world. About 330,000 tons of materials were used to build the Empire State Building. The building has 6,500 windows, 73 elevators, and 1,860 steps from the ground floor to the top floor. It has a total floor area of 204,385 square meters.
Third: San Francisco Golden Gate Bridge
Structural form: steel suspension bridge
English name: the golden gate bridge
Introduction and characteristics: In 1579, the English explorer Francis Drake discovered a strait connecting the Pacific Ocean and San Francisco, which later became the Golden Gate. The idea of building a bridge across the Strait was discussed as early as 1872, but it wasn't until 1937 that a suspension bridge was built across the strait. The Golden Gate Bridge spans north and south, connecting the city of San Francisco with Marin County. Taking over four years to build, the bridge is one of the most beautiful structures in the world. It is no longer the longest suspension bridge in the world, but it is the most famous. The huge towers of the Golden Gate Bridge are 227 meters high and each steel cable weighs 6,412 metric tons and is made of 27,000 steel wires. construction began in January 1933 and the bridge was first opened to traffic in May 1937. The steel towers stand on the north and south sides of the bridge, 342 meters high, of which 227 meters above the water, equivalent to a 70-story building. The top of the tower with two diameter of 92.7 centimeters, weighing 24,500 tons of steel cables connected to the middle point of the steel cables sagging, almost close to the bridge, the steel cables and the bridge is connected to the body with a thin steel rope. The cables are connected to the bridge body by a thin steel rope. The ends of the cables extend to the shore and are anchored in the rock. The body of the bridge is suspended in mid-air by the enormous tensile force generated by the two steel cables on either side of the bridge. The span of the bridge between the steel towers is 1,280 meters, making it one of the rare long-span, single-hole suspension bridges built in the world. The height from the sea to the center of the bridge is about 60 meters, which is wide and high enough to allow large ships to pass unimpeded even at high tide.
Fourth: Sydney Opera House
Structural form: steel (concrete) structure
English name: Sydney Opera House
Introduction and characteristics: Sydney Opera House covers an area of 1.84 hectares of the entire building, 183 meters in length, 118 meters in width, and 67 meters in height, which is equivalent to the height of a 20-story building. The appearance of the Sydney Opera House for three groups of huge shell pieces, towering in a north-south length of 186 meters, the widest east-west place for 97 meters of cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure on the base. The first set of shells is on the west side of the lot, with four pairs of shells arranged in a string, three facing north and one facing south, and containing the Grand Concert Hall. The second group, on the east side of the lot, is roughly parallel to the first group, of the same form but slightly smaller in size, and contains the Opera Hall. The third group, to the south-west of the lot, is the smallest and consists of two pairs of shells and houses the dining room. The other rooms are skillfully arranged within the plinth. The entrance to the entire complex is at the southern end, with a grand staircase 97 meters wide. The vehicular entrance and the parking lot are located underneath the Grand Staircase. The Opera House is divided into three parts: the Opera Hall, the Concert Hall and the Benelux Restaurant. The Opera, Concert Hall and Lounge are built side by side on huge granite plinths, each consisting of four large, imposing shell roofs. The Opera Hall is smaller than the Concert Hall, with 1,547 seats, and is mainly used for opera, ballet and dance performances; the Concert Hall is the largest hall in the Sydney Opera House, with a capacity of 2,679, and is usually used for a wide range of performances such as symphonies, chamber music, operas, dances, choral, pops, jazz, etc. The most special feature of this hall is that it is the largest in the Sydney Opera House, with a capacity of 2,679 people. The most special feature of this concert hall is the grand pipe organ located in the front of the concert hall, designed and built by Australian artist Ronald Sharp, which is claimed to be the world's largest mechanical wood link organ, consisting of 10,500 pipes. In addition, the entire concert hall is made of Australian timber, faithfully presenting Australia's own style.