In the choice of teaching content, if we don't pay attention to its adaptability, it is likely that some teaching content is beneficial to the healthy development of most children's psychology, but harmful to a few or a certain child. For example, we teach children to learn dolls' songs. The lyrics of this children's song are written like this: "A doll with big eyes and small mouth is really beautiful and cute." This may hurt children with "small eyes and big mouth"; We teach young children to sing "Only mothers are good in the world", which may hurt children who have lost their mothers for various reasons and further strengthen their lost mentality that "children without mothers are like grass". Therefore, we should improve our awareness of mental health care. When children choose educational content, they must consider its influence on all children, and can't let it promote the mental health development of the vast majority of children and hurt a few other children.
For example, from the difficulty of teaching content, if the teaching content is too difficult, children or some children or a child will often fail in classroom learning (rarely learn the teaching content arranged by the teacher), which not only means that they lose the corresponding cognitive basis in future learning, but also means that they lose their internal motivation in future learning. What's more, these children who often fail to learn will completely lose confidence in themselves, and they will feel that they are not "expected" to learn.
Therefore, when we choose the teaching content, we should not only consider whether it conforms to the relevant teaching principles, but also consider its influence on each child's mental health.
Second, the psychological harm to children is sometimes difficult for us to realize.
Because our awareness of mental health care is not strong, we often hurt children's psychology in educational activities, but we don't realize that this is a kind of harm.
For example, a teacher, after seeing others group children according to their abilities, also implements the so-called "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude" when organizing educational activities. Before the official start of the educational activities, she loudly said to the whole class, "Please ask the children with poor ability to sit here and the children with strong ability to sit there", and then put forward different teaching tasks and requirements for them according to their "location" ... She had no idea that this practice violated.
For another example, when I was a trainee, I once saw an example: when a child couldn't answer the question, the teacher on duty kindly said to the child, "Sit down and think about it first and listen to what other children have to say." But when I saw the child sit down, I felt very uncomfortable. Because the teacher's words made him feel inferior. When I pointed out her shortcomings to the teacher, the teacher felt very wronged and said, "I don't blame him, his attitude is so gentle!" " "She doesn't know that her words have deeply hurt the child's self-esteem psychologically.
For another example, many teachers think that in order to promote the development of children's speech ability and make introverted children more lively and cheerful, children who are more unwilling and afraid to answer questions should be given more "roll call" answers, so that they can have more opportunities for exercise and development. In my opinion, if a child with weak ability and serious inferiority is unwilling to take the initiative to raise his hand to answer questions in order to protect his self-esteem and face, our teacher should definitely protect his right to remain silent, otherwise, his self-esteem and self-confidence will be hit again and become more introverted and inferior. For children who feel inferior because of their poor ability (some are not necessarily poor ability, but poor knowledge base) and are unwilling to raise their hands to answer questions, the key is not to force them to "exercise" more to solve problems, but to create opportunities for success and establish their self-confidence.
Thirdly, intentional psychological injury does exist in kindergartens, but it really shouldn't.
If we observe carefully, we will find that our teacher's psychological harm to children is not only unintentional, but also intentional. Some of our teachers intentionally hurt children psychologically for various reasons, which is really intolerable, but it is indeed an objective reality in our early childhood education. This can not but attract the attention of our preschool education managers and researchers!
In a kindergarten, I once saw an old teacher who thought he was quite experienced and often called on the whole class to stay away from the children who were at fault. For example, during the break, one child cried another child. In class, the teacher pulled the "beating" child to the front of the podium without investigating the reason, and said to other children, "Today, XXX is not good, and everyone is ashamed of him." So the children gestured with their hands, making the children who made mistakes feel ashamed. Then, the teacher shouted to the children, "Everyone doesn't want him. Tell him to go out." Then, all the children shouted, "Get out, get out! We don't want you! " Finally the child was kicked out of the activity room.
We also know that this teacher is to "educate" the child who made a mistake so that he won't make the same mistake again in the future. Whether this kind of education is effective or not is not discussed here for the time being, but what is certain is that this kind of education will definitely hurt children's psychology, which is not a good thing for other children who have not made mistakes. This will mislead them-we can humiliate others when they make mistakes.
I've seen such a thing. A naughty child accidentally fell down in the process of educational activities. After seeing it, the teacher not only did not give sympathy, but also said to the child, "Did you fall?" ! Who told you to be so naughty! Now fall down! I am very happy! ! "When the child needs comfort, we sting him with bad words. Really inhuman! This inhuman practice may make the child's heart hurt forever!
Fourth, teachers' careless words sometimes cause psychological harm to children.
I have seen such a situation when I took my students to a kindergarten for probation. In a class, three children from the countryside are often isolated by other children. These three children always sit in the classroom with a straight face whenever other children go out for free activities. Later, I asked the children in the city, why not pull them out to play together? As a result, they all rushed to say, "The teacher said they came from the countryside, from an' African village', and they were very dirty." (Note:' African village' is a Nanning dialect, which refers to the place where the "blind flow" without hukou and proper occupation is covered up in the suburbs of Nanning. In fact, what children in the city know about "from the countryside" and "from rural Africa" are all taught by teachers. The teacher's mistakes not only hurt the hearts of three children from the countryside, but also hurt the psychology of children in the city, because they formed the concept of "inequality between people" and prejudice against rural people, and they got the bad habit of disrespecting and belittling others.
For another example, once, I went to kindergarten for an internship. I was helping a child tie his shoelaces when I suddenly heard a child crying. I went over and asked the crying child, "What's the matter?" The child said, "Zhu Ming hit me!" I asked Zhu Ming again, "Zhu Ming, why did you hit someone?" Zhu Ming said confidently, "Who told him to hit john young? ! The teacher often says,' whoever hits people deserves to be beaten'. " I was at a loss after listening to it. "Whoever hits people deserves to be hit", perhaps this is a sentence inadvertently uttered by a teacher, and I think this teacher will never think of it. This is the reason why this sentence later became Zhu Ming's beating others.
Teachers are the absolute authority in children's minds. Everything a teacher says in front of a child, whether right or wrong, may become a guide for the child's actions, and may even become a belief of the child. Therefore, we must be careful when we speak in front of children!
The teacher's preference is harmful to all children's psychology.
Preference refers to an emotional prejudice that teachers can't spread love to every child fairly, but prefer one of them. Teachers' preferences affect teachers' different attitudes and educational behaviors towards different children, and then affect the healthy development of children's psychology.
When I was a trainee in kindergarten, I once saw several children who were usually ignored by the teacher besieging a child who was spoiled by the teacher. I asked the children why they besieged others. Their answer is simple: "Who told the teacher to like him!" This is all because of the psychological damage caused by teachers' preference for young children. There are many similar incidents caused by preferences. For example, in kindergarten, we often see children neglected by teachers trying to achieve psychological balance by stealing or destroying the goods of children favored by teachers. I think the psychological atmosphere formed by teachers' preference is unfavorable to the mental health development of all children.
Teachers' preference will not only make the neglected children have psychological abnormalities, but also make the favored children have deviations in their psychological development. For example, in the middle class of my internship, there is a particularly naughty child who likes to quarrel with others and often violates classroom discipline. The teacher warned him many times, but he turned a blind eye. What caused this child to become like this? After understanding, we know that the nurse in this class is his aunt, and someone helps him "support" when he makes mistakes, so he has nothing to hide. We can't help asking, is this love for children? No, this is killing children.
It is very common that our educational behavior is improper because of preference, which in turn affects the healthy development of children's psychology. For example, a child is outstanding in dancing, playing the piano and telling stories, which has won many honors for the teacher. The teacher likes her very much. Once, the child disagreed with other children, and as a result, she swore. Instead of criticizing her, the teacher blamed the other children for not listening to her. Another example is that after the teacher's favorite nail made Xiao Yong cry, he first complained that Xiao Yong had hit him first. After listening to Tintin's complaints, the teacher criticized the wronged Xiao Yong. The children's eyes are sharp and their consciousness is quite high. Other children who know the truth are scrambling to help clarify the facts. At this time, the teacher didn't listen and said to the child, "Then don't mess with her!" ……
There are many similar incidents. Our teacher should understand that preference is harmful to all children! For the healthy psychological development of all children, we should care for every child fairly-regardless of their personality, appearance, ability and social background, they are the future of our motherland!
Sixth, teachers are not calm enough, and sometimes they often do things that are harmful to children's psychology.
When I was a trainee in kindergarten, I found an example: because children usually don't pay attention to turning off the tap when washing their hands, once a child came back from outdoor sports activities and wiped his face after washing his hands, the teacher repeatedly stressed loudly: "After washing your hands, you must remember to turn off the tap." However, after all the children washed their hands and came out, the teacher found that there was still a faucet that was not related. Seeing this situation, the teacher was of course very angry, and then said angrily to all the children in the class, "Who didn't turn off the tap just now?" Please turn it off immediately! " The teacher glared at all the children around him, and all the children were too scared to speak. Three minutes, four minutes and five minutes passed, but none of the children took the initiative to take responsibility. At this time, the teacher was even more angry. Finally, the teacher gave the order according to his own judgment (more accurately, it should be a wild guess when the teacher was angry): "I want you to turn off the faucet!" " I pleaded, "Not me! I'm not going! ! "The teacher said in an unquestionable tone," I order you to go, or you have to go! " "Finally, Yu Xiaobing turned off the tap with tears in her eyes. I think the damage caused by this incident to Yu is by no means a physical injury, but a deep-seated injury. It is this kind of injury that makes a lively child become introverted and silent-I never saw a smile on Yu's face again during our next ten-day probation period.
If the teacher can calm down, maybe the children who made mistakes will take the initiative to admit their mistakes (perhaps the word "dare" is more appropriate); If the teacher were calmer, he wouldn't give the child a death order, but it would hurt the child for a long time! .
Seven, the teacher's observation and thinking is too keen, and sometimes it will bring psychological pressure to children.
Observing children is the premise of educating them correctly. The main purpose of observing children is to understand their psychological needs and difficulties in psychological development, and then give timely and appropriate help. Some teachers observe children, not for the above purposes, but to understand what mistakes the children have made and what violations they have done, and list them one by one when the teachers think it is necessary, which makes the children feel ashamed. The teacher's keen observation and keen thinking ability will make many children feel that their every move, words and deeds are under the control of the teacher, and even the most secret thoughts in their hearts can't escape the teacher's "critical eye". Children who live under the teacher's "critical eye" for a long time will certainly feel insecure in kindergarten life, so everything should be careful, otherwise. This is certainly not conducive to the healthy development of children's personality.
Children's psychology is fragile and easily hurt. Once hurt, it will bring unpredictable negative effects to the healthy development of children's future personality. Therefore, we must minimize the psychological harm to children from all aspects of education.