We are very familiar with direct transmission and contact transmission: direct transmission refers to infection caused by sneezing, coughing, talking droplets and direct inhalation of exhaled gas at close range; Contact transmission means that droplets are deposited on the surface of articles, and then contact with mucous membranes such as mouth, nose and eyes after contacting with contaminated hands, resulting in infection.
But what about the new aerosol spread? With the development of detection technology, people realize that sub-micron and ultra-micron particles can be detected around when talking, coughing or sneezing, and their understanding of air transmission is deepened. Further put forward the concept of aerosol: aerosol in a broad sense refers to all solid and liquid particles (diameter 0.00 1- 100? m)。 In a narrow sense, aerosol refers to smaller solid and liquid particles that can be suspended in the air.
Simply put: the essence of aerosol is particles that can be suspended in the air. Compared with general air transmission, aerosols can be suspended for a longer time and float farther. It's like walking on the road and smelling smoke, but there is obviously no one around. This is a suspended particle of about several hundred nanometers formed after tobacco combustion.
How to prevent aerosol transmission?
It is necessary to cancel all social activities and discourage relatives and friends from going to key epidemic areas; Open the window frequently, ventilate more, and keep the indoor air circulating; Do a good job in daily household disinfection: wipe and disinfect key parts such as door handles, tables and chairs and toilet seats. Use 75% ethanol or chlorine-containing disinfectant; Pay attention to personal hygiene: wash your hands with tap water, soap or hand sanitizer before and after meals, and cover your nose and mouth with paper towels or elbows when coughing or sneezing; Avoid air and contact transmission: family members should avoid contact with body secretions of people with suspicious symptoms and do not use personal daily necessities; When eating, public chopsticks should be divided into meals, eat quickly, talk less, communicate with each other should not be intimate, avoid shaking hands and hugging, smile and pay attention to etiquette; We should strictly do a good job in home isolation: foreigners should cooperate with relevant investigations, truthfully report the facts and take the initiative to accept isolation; If you need to observe in isolation at home, try to live in separate rooms with your family. If the conditions are limited, you should live in separate rooms and separate them from each other. All family members living in the same room should wear masks. We should pay close attention to the health of family members. If you have symptoms such as fever and cough, you should consciously avoid contact with others. After wearing a mask, you should go to the nearest fever clinic as soon as possible and fully cooperate with the treatment.