I. Chemical risk factors
Chemical hazard factors are the most common occupational diseases, mainly including toxic substances, harmful gases and harmful dust. For example, some employees in the chemical industry are exposed to toxic chemicals for a long time, which may lead to toxic liver disease and kidney damage. Workers in some mines and construction sites inhale harmful dust for a long time, which may cause respiratory diseases such as pneumoconiosis.
Second, physical hazards.
Physical hazards can not be ignored, including noise, vibration, high temperature, radiation and so on. Workers who work in high-noise environment for a long time may have symptoms such as hearing loss and neurasthenia; Workers who have been engaged in high-temperature operations for a long time are prone to heatstroke, heatstroke and other heat-related diseases; Employees who have been exposed to ionizing radiation for a long time face risks such as blood system diseases and cancer.
Three. Biological hazard factors
Biological hazard factors mainly exist in medical, animal husbandry, aquaculture and other industries. For example, medical personnel may be infected with infectious diseases due to contact with pathogens; Livestock breeders may cause infectious diseases due to contact with animal excreta and parasites.
In addition, factors such as bad working posture and long-term repetitive work may also lead to occupational musculoskeletal diseases, such as cervical spondylosis and lumbar muscle strain.
To sum up:
There are various occupational hazards that have a negative impact on employees' health, involving many aspects such as chemistry, physics and biology. These factors may lead to the occurrence of various occupational diseases and cause long-term potential harm to employees' health. Therefore, enterprises and relevant departments should strengthen the identification and prevention of occupational hazards and provide employees with a safe and healthy working environment.
Legal basis:
Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases
Article 2 provides that:
This Law is applicable to occupational disease prevention and control activities in People's Republic of China (PRC). Occupational diseases mentioned in this Law refer to diseases caused by workers of enterprises, institutions and individual economic organizations who are exposed to dust, radioactive substances and other toxic and harmful factors in their professional activities.
Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases
Article 4 provides that:
The employing unit shall create a working environment and conditions that meet the national occupational health standards and health requirements for workers, and take measures to ensure that workers obtain occupational health protection.
Labor law of the people's Republic of China
Article 54 provides that:
The employing unit must provide workers with labor safety and health conditions and necessary labor protection articles that meet the requirements of the state, and the workers engaged in occupational hazards shall undergo regular health examinations.