First, make clear the value orientation of kindergarten health education.
Modern preschool education theory points out that children are in the initial growth and development stage of human body shape and function. In order to make them grow and develop healthily and lay a good and solid foundation for their healthy development in the future, we should not only provide them with good diet and health care, but also actively carry out various sports activities through physical exercise. Many sports scientific researches at home and abroad have also confirmed that scientific and reasonable sports activities can not only effectively promote children's physical and mental health development, but also lay a good foundation for their lifelong health.
In the field of health, the Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education (Trial) issued by the Ministry of Education points out that kindergartens should "develop colorful outdoor games and sports activities, cultivate children's interest and habits in participating in sports activities, enhance their physique and improve their adaptability to the environment", and the concept of lifelong education based on "children's development" makes us strongly realize that the ultimate goal of health education is not only to enhance children's physique, but also to develop children's health through physical exercise. Physical education teaching activities are the basis to achieve this goal.
In order to promote children's physical and mental development, in today's better living conditions, children grow up under the excessive protection of parents and teachers, reducing the amount of physical exercise, resulting in the phenomenon of children's physical and physical development backwardness. The overall situation of children's physical fitness is not ideal, so the monitoring of 6-year-old children's physical health should be strengthened. The ultimate goal of physical education teaching is not only to strengthen children's physique, but also to promote children's physical development, cognitive development and personality formation, improve their social adaptability and lay the foundation for their sustainable development.
The "value orientation" of kindergarten health education also includes the following three aspects:
First, physical and mental harmony. Including physical health and mental health, children's physical health is characterized by sound development and basic self-care ability, and mental health is characterized by a happy mood and adaptation to collective life.
Second, pay equal attention to protection and exercise. We not only attach importance to mastering necessary health care knowledge to improve self-protection ability, but also emphasize improving physical fitness through physical activities. Among them, knowing the necessary knowledge of safety and health care and improving the corresponding skills are the main goals of health education, and cultivating interest in sports activities and enhancing the coordination and flexibility of movements are the main goals of physical exercise.
Third, pay attention to the formation of healthy behavior. The cultivation of healthy behavior is the core of health education. Therefore, the contents of kindergarten health education include mastering necessary health care knowledge, developing healthy behavior, cultivating self-care and self-protection ability, promoting the coordinated and flexible development of basic movements, and cultivating strong will and cooperation with music groups.
Third, to carry out sports teaching activities commonly used methods and strategies
After finding out the existing problems, we can apply effective teaching methods to the teaching of acupuncture medicine according to the contents, methods and guiding strategies of physical education.
(A) the content of physical education teaching
Physical education teaching activities include basic physical skills such as walking, running, jumping, kicking, climbing, rolling, jumping, balance and coordination, basic gymnastics exercises, equipment activities and games, some basic queue training, and quick action exercises after listening to commands to stimulate children's interest in sports.
(B) the general teaching methods of sports activities
1. Demonstration and explanation
Demonstration: ① Correct posture, relaxed and graceful movements. The demonstration position should be determined according to the nature of children's formation and movements, and the direction can be determined according to the structure and requirements of movements. Front, side and back demonstrations or mirror demonstrations can be used. General basic movements such as walking, running, jumping and throwing can be demonstrated in the first three ways, while unarmed exercises and light weapons exercises are generally demonstrated in mirror images.
(2) the demonstration should have a clear purpose.
(3) combined with explanation or accompanied by language tips.
Description: ① The key points are prominent, and the language is few but refined. ② Easy to understand, lively and interesting.
③ The explanation should be enlightening.
practise
① Complete exercises and decomposition exercises ② Repetition exercises ③ Conditional exercises (change the environment, conditions and action combinations of exercises).
3. Verbal tips and specific help
(3) Matters needing attention in sports activities
1. Pay attention to the fun of the activity. 2. Adhere to gradual progress. 3. Reasonable arrangement of exercise density and activity.
Reasonable arrangement of activities should pay attention to the following points:
(1) According to the general law of human physiological function rising-stabilizing-declining, the amount of activity gradually increases from small to large, and gradually decreases before the end of the activity.
② Arrange the activity amount according to the specific tasks and requirements of the activity. (The amount of activities that focus on reviewing actions should be larger) ③ Arrange the amount of activities reasonably according to the nature and difficulty of activities.
(4) According to the physical condition and action development level of most children in the class, arrange the activity reasonably.
⑤ According to the children's daily activity burden, arrange the activity amount reasonably according to the season, climate change, venue and equipment conditions.
(4) The structure of physical education class.
The beginning part: organize the children quickly, let every organ of the children quickly enter the state of movement, get ready and concentrate on preparing lessons. This part can organize children to queue up, briefly explain the main content of this lesson, and do some games with little activity.
Basic part: mainly learning new textbooks or reviewing the main textbooks that have been learned.
① The new textbooks are arranged in the first half of the class.
② Practice and rest alternate.
The end part: mainly relax muscles, eliminate fatigue as soon as possible, let the body recover from the state of exercise to a relatively quiet state, and end a class in an orderly way. You can arrange walking, tidying, playing quiet games or simple rhythmic movements. These three parts are both different and related, and this structure is mostly used in the middle and late stages and large classes.
(5) Guiding strategies for organizing sports activities.
Cultivating interest in sports activities and enhancing the coordination and flexibility of movements are the main goals of physical exercise. Children are emotionally stable and happy in collective life; Only in this way can we better implement the first goal of the new "Outline", give full play to the various functions of children's bodies, and fully embody the educational concept of taking children's development as the foundation. To carry out sports activities, we must take certain physical exercise as the means, that is, certain basic skills as the carrier. Children's mastery of certain basic skills is inseparable from physical education teaching. As children's workers, we must provide standardized basic movements teaching for developing children, which is in line with the contents and requirements in the health field in the new syllabus. Article 6: "Develop basic movements in a way that children are interested in and improve the coordination and flexibility of movements. In fact, there are no activities supported by knowledge and skills. Without certain physical activities, children can't master the basic skills of the nearest development zone. Therefore, we can draw the following conclusions: without real physical education, there can be no colorful sports activities; Without standardized basic movements and skills in sports activities, it is impossible to promote children's physical development reasonably. Therefore, kindergartens must strengthen physical education and sports activities, so that children can fully develop their bodies under reasonable nutrition distribution and lay a good foundation for their future development.