1. Multiple choice questions: This big question includes 1 ~ 40 small questions, each small question 1, * * 40. Only one of the four options in each small question meets the requirements of the topic.
1. AIDS is called "the killer of mankind". It is caused by HIV and is mainly transmitted through blood. So far, mankind has not found a cure for this disease. Theoretically speaking, developing vaccines and vaccination are the best countermeasures to eradicate this disease. The role of this countermeasure is
A. control the source of infection B. protect the susceptible C. cut off the route of transmission D. explore the virus structure
2. The following is a description of the meaning of excretion by several students. What do you think is incorrect?
A. excrete metabolic waste B. adjust the balance of water and inorganic salts in the body.
C, maintain the stability of blood sugar in the body d, and maintain the normal physiological functions of tissues and cells.
In the experimental class, the teacher gave you two newly-made permanent membranes and two labels marked "spherical bacteria" and "yeast". Please stick the label correctly with the help of a microscope. Your basis is
A. Is there genetic material B. Is there chloroplast?
C. Is there a formed nucleus D. Is there a cell wall?
4. The following steps (1) to (5) are the operation steps when observed with a microscope. Under the microscope, the image in the field of vision should change from the left picture to the right picture. The correct operation steps are as follows
(1) Turn the coarse focus screw; ② Adjust the aperture; (3) rotate the fine-tuning focusing screw; ④ Turn the frequency converter; ⑤ Move the slide specimen.
A.①→②→③→④ B.④→⑤→③→②
C.②→①→⑤→④ D.⑤→④→②→③
5. Fires often do great harm to forests, but in some countries, limited artificial burning of forest residues and leaves in cold areas is beneficial to forest resource management. The main purpose of this artificial fire is
A. Eliminate forest diseases and insect pests B. Stimulate tree seeds to germinate
C, accelerating litter decomposition process D, improving forest water storage capacity.
6. 1920, two "wolf children" were found in India. The youngest is 8 years old. After nine years of hard training by researchers, by the time 17 years old, his intelligence was only the level of a 4-year-old child. What structures of this "wolf child" are not well developed?
A. spinal cord B. cerebellum C. brain D. brain stem
7. Birds are more complex and advanced than fish, amphibians and reptiles. Their reproduction is as follows.
A. in vitro fertilization B. oviparous C. viviparous and lactation D. nesting, hatching and brooding
8. A class of students is going to physical education class. The main energy and final energy required by male students when running 1500m are as follows.
A. solar energy and sugar and fat and solar energy and sugar and solar energy
9. The appendix, which is quite developed in other mammals, remains in the human body. The evidence of this biological evolution belongs to
A. Fossil evidence B. Comparative anatomical evidence
C. Embryological evidence D. Molecular biological evidence
10. For patients with severe intestinal malabsorption, total nutrient solution can be infused intravenously to provide nutrition. The ingredients of total nutrient solution cannot contain
A. protein B. Glucose C. Inorganic salts and vitamin D. Amino acids
1 1. Watermelon has many seeds, depending on
A. A flower has many ovaries.
C. There are many ovules in the ovary and many stamens in the flower.
12. The following groups that play an important role in the relative stability of blood glucose concentration are
① islets; ② liver; ③ stomach; ④ Gallbladder; ⑤ Renal tubule.
A.①②③ B.①②⑤ C.②③④ D.②③⑤
13. When corn is planted in the field, it is often found that the ear is short of grains. The following explanation is correct.
A. Some corn flowers have no ovules in their ovaries.
B. Corn is an anemophilous flower, and it rains for several days during flowering, which affects pollination.
Some seeds on the ear of corn were eaten by pests as soon as they were formed.
D. Corn is a dioecious plant. Due to the lack of pollen, the ears are short of grains.
14. in the process of bud development, the structure related to the formation of new buds is
A. leaf primordium and bud primordium B. growing point and bud primordium C. growing point and yuan yeji D. growing point and young leaves
15. "The grass is reluctant, how can you stand it?" These tips are set to remind people not to trample on the lawn, because walking on the lawn often will cause soil hardening and affect the growth of grass. The main reasons why soil hardening affects plant growth are as follows
A. Plants lack inorganic salts, which affects their growth. B. plants lack water, which affects photosynthesis.
C. root water shortage affects growth. Lack of air at the roots will affect breathing.
16. Which of the following activities will not shorten the food chain?
A. Cutting down forests B. Reclaiming land around lakes C. Reclaiming grasslands D. Raising fish in rice fields
17. In production practice, plants that often use vegetative organs for reproduction are
A. tomatoes and watermelons B. sweet potatoes and potatoes C. peanuts and rice D. radishes and cabbages
18. When investigating algae in seawater, it was found that green algae generally grow in shallow waters, brown algae grow in slightly deeper waters, and red algae grow in deeper waters. The main factors affecting the distribution of algae in the ocean are
A. sunshine B. temperature C. seawater salinity D. seawater oxygen content
19. The experimental device to prove whether green plants release oxygen under light conditions and the experimental device to prove that light is the condition of plant photosynthesis are shown in the right picture respectively.
A.A and b, a and D. B. A and c, a and B.
C.A and d, b and c, a and b, b and C.
20. Several students came to the following conclusions when exploring the way of water entering plants. What is incorrect is that
A. the root is connected with the catheter of the stem.
B, water and inorganic salts are transported in the same direction in the conduit.
C. there are a large number of root hairs at the root tip, which expands the absorption area.
D, water and inorganic salts are transported in opposite directions in the conduit.
2 1. When exploring the experiment of "the influence of light on the life of Tenebrio molitor", the research methods generally adopted are as follows.
A. Simulation experiment B. Investigation C. Observation and experiment D. Data analysis
22. Four students took part in the long-distance running of the sports meeting, and each prepared some food to replenish energy. A: sugar; B: beef jerky; C: fruit; D: cream cake. Which student has prepared the most practical food?
Antidepressants.
23. If there are four organisms A, B, C and D in an ecosystem, they form a food chain. At a certain moment, the total amount of organic matter contained in these four organisms is shown on the right. In a period of time, if the number of B increases, it will cause
The number of a.a., c and d has all increased.
The number of B.A and d increases, while the number of c decreases.
The number of C, A and D decreases, while the number of C increases.
The number of D.A. decreases, while the number of C and D increases.
24. In the process of blood circulation, its composition often changes. The relevant statements in the column are correct.
A. The urea content in arterial blood is much less than that in venous blood.
B. the nutrient content of venous blood is definitely less than that of arterial blood.
C. the oxygen content of arterial blood is not necessarily higher than that of venous blood.
D. After the blood flows through the glomerulus, the content of red blood cells in each milliliter of blood increases.
25. Five people, A, B, C, D and E, had an accident while traveling. Party A is in urgent need of blood transfusion due to injury. Blood group identification results are as follows. According to the form, blood donation should be considered first.
Methyl ethyl propyl butyl pentyl
Anti-A serum-++
Anti-B serum+++
Note: "+"means erythrocyte agglutination, "-"means erythrocyte non-agglutination.
California board of education development.
26. A classmate with normal eyesight stood at the door of the waiting hall. First, he saw a car parked in the distance, and then he came face to face. In the process of staring at the car, what can reflect the curvature change of the eyeball lens is
27. When testing whether a new drug is effective in treating cancer in mice, which of the following ways will produce the most convincing conclusion?
A. Inject drugs into several mice with cancer, and determine the number of cured mice.
B. Inject drugs into the same number of cancerous rats and mice, and compare the number of cured rats and mice.
C. Inject different doses of drugs into several mice with cancer, and determine the number of mice cured in each group.
D. Inject drugs into several mice with cancer and inject the same amount of normal saline into other mice with cancer at the same time, and compare the number of healthy mice between the two groups.
28. In the following, what do you think is hormone regulation?
A. food enters the trachea by mistake, causing severe cough. I see sour apricots drooling.
C. Male students have prominent Adam's apple in adolescence. When the bright light came, they quickly closed their eyes.
29. The United States, Japan and other developed countries prohibit the use of phosphorus-containing detergents in their own countries, and their companies such as Procter & Gamble, Henkel and Kao sell and produce phosphorus-containing detergents in large quantities in China, which will bring harm to our environment.
A. Land desertification B. Water quality deterioration C. Air pollution D. Garbage increase
30. When making and observing human oral epithelial cells, the following statement is correct.
A. Blood cells appear in the visual field, probably because the toothpick pierced the oral wall.
B. When observing the loading, concave mirror should be used to darken the field of vision.
C in order to prevent air bubbles, the cover glass should be laid flat.
D if the cells in the visual field shrink, it may be that the concentration of normal saline is too low.
3 1. fossils prove that many biological species only survived for a short time, and then gradually became extinct. The best explanation for this phenomenon is that
A. lack of heritable variation that can adapt to environmental changes B. drastic changes in external environmental conditions.
C. humans have used genetic knowledge to transform these creatures. D. the reproductive capacity is too low and it is gradually extinct.
32. What kind of natural phenomenon in biology is correctly explained by the theory of natural selection?
A. organisms have strong reproductive capacity. B. the relationship between heredity and variation
C. Biological individuals are getting bigger and bigger D. Diversity and adaptability of natural organisms
In our daily life, we will come into contact with some germs and viruses, but generally we won't get sick. This mainly depends on
A. Barrier function of skin B. Immune function of immune organs
C. Sterilization of saliva D. Phagocytosis of phagocytes
34. Which of the following is the biggest difference between asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction?
A. whether to produce germ cells B. whether to combine bisexual germ cells
C. Are there gender differences in offspring D. Are there gender differences in parents?
35. In recent years, cloning technology has developed rapidly, and many organisms have been successfully cloned. But many countries have legislated against human cloning. Because the main problem involved in human cloning is
A. Human cloning technology is too complicated B. Human ethics issues
C. it will have an impact on existing medical care. D. will affect the diversity of genes.
36. Cats are interested in scraps of paper when they are hungry; After a full meal, even the mouse's cry often can't arouse its response. This shows that
A. the cat's behavioral stimulus comes from inside the body. B. the nervous system of the whole cat is inhibited.
C. mouse barking is not a behavioral stimulus for cats. D. the behavior of cats is the result of the interaction between internal and external stimuli.
37. Among them, those related to reproductive behavior are
A. "Proud as a peacock" and "Dragonfly" Hares always pricked up their ears to listen to what was going on around them.
C. The crucian carp in the river feed in groups. D. Two dogs fight for bones.
The "Human Genome Project" implemented by scientists from six countries, including China, aims to locate the genes of all human chromosomes. Please combine your knowledge and point out that the number of human chromosomes to be tested in this project should be
23 C.24 D.22
39. The following statement about the significance of animal movement is wrong.
A. Exercise improves the ability of animals to adapt to the environment. B. Exercise enables animals to get food actively and quickly.
C. exercise can make animals escape from the enemy on their own initiative. D. Exercise is beneficial for animals to produce hereditary variation.
40. The green of pea pods plays a leading role in yellow. If the pea flower of a hybrid green pod variety is artificially pollinated by the pollen of a yellow pea variety, the color of the immature pea pod will be
A.it's all green. B. full yellow
C, half green and half yellow; D the number of green pods and yellow pods is 3: 1.
Second, multiple-choice questions: each small question has at least two options that meet the requirements of the topic. 2 points for each small question, * * 30 points. Multiple selection, missing selection and wrong selection will not be scored.
4 1. Walking on the forest path with trees and grass everywhere, you will feel the air is particularly fresh and humid. At this time, you will wonder what role green plants have played in improving air quality.
A. photosynthesis, transportation, respiration, transpiration
42. When people enter the environment of 10℃ from 25℃, the physiological reaction will be
A. hypothermia B. slow brain response C. vasoconstriction D. increased oxygen consumption
43. In the following measures, the principle of breathing is used.
A. store fruits and vegetables at low temperature. B. Drain farmland water in time after heavy rain.
C, drying the wheat and the corn before warehousing; D, filling nitrogen into the sealed granary.
44. The following statement is incorrect.
A. All birds have the behavior of incubating eggs and brooding B. A bird egg is an egg cell.
C. Not all eggs laid by hens can hatch chicks. The newly hatched pigeons can walk.
45. The possible physiological activities of peanut seeds germinated in soil are as follows
A. Absorbing water and inorganic salts B. Cell division and cell differentiation
C. oxidative decomposition of organic matter releases energy D. inorganic matter synthesizes organic matter.
46. The following proverbs in life have scientific basis.
A. eating eggs raw is nutritious. B. When you drink yogurt, boil it and disinfect it.
C. Regular drying of bedding can kill bacteria D. Breastfeeding can enhance the baby's disease resistance.
47. The following physiological activities are affected by the opening and closing of stomata.
A. Water transport B. Inorganic salt transport C. Photosynthesis D. Transpiration
48. The main principles for preventing food corruption are as follows
A. kill microorganisms in food B. try to reduce the moisture content in food.
C, killing all cells in food d, inhibiting the growth and reproduction of microorganisms in food.
49. The following statement about the mammalian motor system is correct.
A.bones are also called joints
B. Skeletal muscles are generally composed of tendons and abdominal muscles.
The motor system of mammals consists of skeleton, osseointegration and skeletal muscle.
The structure of joint includes articular cartilage, articular capsule and articular cavity.
50. The following statements about fruits and seeds are incorrect.
A. The edible part of apple is developed from ovule. Peanut shells are developed from integuments.
C. The cotyledons of soybean are developed from fertilized eggs. The hull of watermelon seeds is developed from the ovary wall.
5 1. The small intestine is the main organ for human digestion and absorption, and the characteristics corresponding to this function are as follows
A. The small intestine is connected with the duodenum on the upper side and communicates with the large intestine on the lower side.
B. There are digestive juices such as pancreatic juice, intestinal juice and bile in the small intestine.
C. There are annular folds on the surface of small intestinal mucosa, and there are many small intestinal villi.
D The villus wall, capillary wall and lymphatic capillary wall of small intestine are all composed of a layer of epithelial cells.
The following understanding that "producers are the main components of ecosystems" is correct.
A. The respiration of producers decomposes organic matter into inorganic matter, which promotes the circulation of matter.
B producers can synthesize inorganic substances into organic substances to provide nutrients for other organisms.
C all the energy flowing in the ecosystem comes from the fixed energy of the producers.
D. the transpiration of green plants reduces the environmental temperature.
53. If the main vein of the leaf of plant A on the right is cut off, opaque foil paper is stuck on both sides of the leaf of plant B ... After a day and a night of darkness treatment, it is placed in the sun for 4 hours. Take out two leaves, decolorize them and treat them with iodine solution. It is found that part A is brown, part B is blue-black, and part C is not blue-black. The above experiments can prove the need of photosynthesis.
A. Carbon dioxide B. Sunshine
C. water D. chlorophyll
54. The bristles on the earthworm help it move in the cave, and the mucus on its surface helps it breathe in the soil. Earthworms make the soil loose and fertile during burrowing and foraging. This shows that
A. living things depend on a certain environment. B. living things also affect the environment in their life activities.
C. organisms can adapt to a certain environment D. environmental factors affect animal behavior
55. The figure below shows the food network diagram of an ecosystem. The following statement is correct.
A. In an ecosystem, food chains are interlaced into food webs because many organisms occupy different trophic levels in different food chains.
B only two components of the ecosystem are reflected in this diagram, and the components that are not reflected are abiotic components and decomposers.
Theoretically, the indispensable biological components for maintaining the ecosystem are producers and decomposers.
The food web consists of six food chains, and the eagle is the highest trophic level.
Volume 2 (50 points for non-multiple choice questions * *)
Title 56 57 58 59 60 6 1 62 63 Total score
score
3. Non-multiple choice questions: This big question contains 56 ~ 63 small questions, with ***50 points.
Scoring reviewer
56.(6 points) There are three test tubes A, B and C, which contain starch paste, egg white and vegetable oil respectively. Please analyze and answer the following questions:
Test tube (1)A is colored after dropping iodine solution, and then enough saliva is added for full oscillation and then placed in warm water at 37℃. 10 minutes later, the color of the test tube changes to.
(2) Add an appropriate amount of () into the test tube B, and place it in warm water at 37℃ after full oscillation. After half an hour, the egg white disappeared.
A. saliva b gastric juice c bile d water
(3) Add a proper amount of small intestine fluid into test tube C, shake it well and put it into warm water at 37℃. After 1 hour, the vegetable oil in the liquid disappeared. The reason is.
(4) If experiments (2) and (3) are repeated by replacing water at 37℃ with water at 5℃, will the above phenomenon occur in two test tubes B and C? The reason is.
Scoring reviewer
57.(5 points) The following table is a part of "Instructions for Radix Isatidis Granules", please read it carefully and answer the questions:
(1) Xiao Fang and Xiaolan have different views on purchasing "Banlangen Granules". Xiao Fang said, "You can't buy it without a doctor's prescription." Xiaolan said: "This is an over-the-counter medicine. You can buy it yourself. " Which of them has a point? . The reason is.
.
(2) Xiaojun accidentally grazed his skin and immediately made a bag of Radix Isatidis granules to drink after returning home. What's wrong with his practice? _____________________________________。
(3) Xiao Li heard that "Chinese medicine has no side effects". In order to prevent colds, he drinks Banlangen granules every day. Is this practice scientific? ___________。 Please state your reasons.
.
Scoring reviewer
58.(8 points) Observe the picture below, analyze and answer the following questions:
(1)【② 】 indicates the gas exchange between alveoli and the outside world, passing through. (3) Process realization.
(2) Blood cells that transport oxygen in blood transport oxygen to all parts of the body through the process (4), and then enter the tissue cells through gas exchange for the tissue cells to act, decompose organic matter and release energy.
(3) The part of the human body that consumes oxygen and produces carbon dioxide is [] in the figure.
(4) If some protein and more red blood cells appear in someone's N, the lesion is located; If glucose often appears in this person's N, then this person may have a disease and is generally treated in the usual way.
Scoring reviewer
59.(6 points) A classmate designed the following experimental devices (1) and (2) to study the effects of some environmental factors on photosynthesis and respiration. After adding a small amount of water into the seed bottle from the funnel (corresponding to point A in Figure (3)), the measured curves of seed respiration and plant photosynthesis intensity are shown in Figure (3) below. Please answer according to the diagram analysis:
The reason why (1) curve ab rises is that curve cd rises.
(2) The curve tends to be horizontal after point D, indicating that
.
Scoring reviewer
60.(5 points) The following table 1 is the experimental record of artificially incubating frog eggs by an extracurricular activity group in a school (using the same container, the same amount of water and the same incubation time). Please answer:
Table 1 experimental records of artificial hatching of frog eggs
Water quantity (ml), water temperature (℃), frog eggs and tadpoles hatched in the project team.
One pond water 500 23 ~ 25 250 245
B tap water 500 16 ~ 18 250 65
(1) As can be seen from Table L, the factors leading to the low hatching rate in Group B may be.
(2) Some students think that the experiment should be carried out according to the design shown in Table 2:
Table 2 Experimental Records of Artificial Hatching of Frog Eggs
Water quantity (ml), water temperature (℃), frog eggs and tadpoles hatched in the project team.
One pond water 500 23 ~ 25 250
B pond water 500 16 ~ 18 250
Tap water 500 23 ~ 25 250
D tap water 500 16 ~ 18 250
Prediction and analysis of results:
① Compared with group B, group C compared with group D, if the hatching rate of group A and group C is higher, it means that.
.
② Compared with group C, group B compared with group D, if the hatching rate of group A and group B is higher, it means that.
.
③ It is better to compare the experimental schemes in Table 1 and Table 2. The reason is.
.
Scoring reviewer
6 1.(6 points) shows the cultivation process of transgenic super mice. In this way, the rat growth hormone gene was introduced into the fertilized egg of a mouse. Results The growth rate of transgenic mice was 2 ~ 3 times faster than that of ordinary mice, and the individual was 1 times larger. Please answer the following questions:
(1) The technology used in the above research process is called
Technology.
(2) Figure B shows that fertilized eggs with rat growth hormone gene are injected into mice. Where do you think the injection site is? The last fertilized egg of a mouse
Develop into a new individual.
(3) In this study, the trait studied is that the gene controlling this trait is.
(4) The acquisition of transgenic super mice shows that the relationship between traits and genes is close.
Scoring reviewer
62.(7 points) Just entered 2007, abnormal weather appeared all over the world, highlighting the grim trend of global warming, and the main reason is related to the imbalance of carbon cycle. The figure below shows the carbon cycle pattern in the ecosystem. Please answer the following questions according to the chart:
(1) Carbon in nature is mainly composed of
The form of exists in the atmosphere.
② ① in the figure refers to, ② in the figure refers to.
(3) The biological species involved in the process ⑤ are
Its role in the carbon cycle is
, available reaction formula
To show.
(4) Because the carbon cycle is global, the United Nations has formulated the Kyoto Protocol to slow down the emission of carbon dioxide gas. According to the chart analysis, the main causes of global warming are
.
Scoring reviewer
63.(7 points) Newly harvested corn seeds become hot after being piled for one day. A classmate thinks that this is the heat emitted by corn itself. According to the experimental materials and instruments provided below, the heat source of corn seed pile was studied.
(1) experimental principle:
The energy lost by biological respiration in the form of heat energy can be measured by thermometer. The more intense you breathe, the more heat you lose and the higher the reading of the thermometer.
(2) Experimental materials and instruments:
Newly harvested corn seeds, transparent warm cups of the same size, thermometers and cotton, and other appliances.
(3) Experimental steps:
①
;
②
;
③
;
④ 。
(4) Look forward to the experimental results and draw a conclusion.
① Expected experimental results:.
② Experimental conclusion:
Reference answers and grading standards for junior high school final exams
The first volume (***70 points)
Multiple-choice questions 1 road (65438+ 0 points for each small question, ***40 points):
1 .B 2。 C 3。 C 4 explosive D 5。 C 6。 C 7。 D 8。 D 9。 B 10。 A 1 1。 C 12。 B 13。 B 14。 B
15.D 16。 D 17。 B 18。 A 19。 B 20。 D 2 1。 C 22。 A handful of 23. D 24。 D 25。 C 26。 A handful of 27. D
28.C 29。 B 30。 A 3 1。 A handful of 32. D 33。 A handful of 34. B 35。 B 36。 D 37。 A pair of 38. C 39。 D 40。 A
More than two multiple-choice questions (2 points for each small question, 30 points for * * *):
4 1 .42 AD. CD 43。 ABCD 44。 ABD 45。 ABC 46。 CD 47。 ABCD 48。 In 49 ad. 50 BC. all but dissertation (ABD)
5 1.BCD 52。 In 53 BC. In 54 BC. ABC 55。 American Broadcasting Company Inc (ABC)
Volume II (***50 points)
Three multiple-choice questions (***50 points):
56.(6 points) (1) Blue-blue disappears. (2)B (3) There are digestive enzymes in the small intestinal juice, which can decompose vegetable oil. (4) The temperature should not be too low, and digestive enzymes can not play a good catalytic role.
57.(5 points) (1) Xiaolan's instructions are marked with OTC. (2) You can't "prescribe the right medicine" without reading the instructions. (3) Every medicine has certain side effects, so you can't eat it indiscriminately.
58.(8 points) (1) Breathing exercise gas diffusion (2) Red blood cell breathing (alienation) (3)7 histiocytes (4) Glomerular diabetes with insulin injection.
59.(6 points) (1 min) Seed water absorption and germination (1 min) Enhanced respiration (1 min) The carbon dioxide generated by seed germination in the device (1 min) enters the device (2) (1 min), which is photosynthetic.
60.(5 points) (1) Water source (water quality) Water temperature (2) 1. Frog eggs need suitable water temperature for hatching. 2. Water quality has an effect on frog eggs, with good water quality and high hatching rate. 3. Table 2 conforms to the univariate principle.
6 1.(6 points) (1) Transgenic (2) Tubal uterus (3) Mouse large and small growth hormone genes (4) Gene control traits.
62.(7 points) (1) carbon dioxide (2) carbon dioxide is released by producers and consumers through respiration (3) saprophytic bacteria and fungi transform organic matter into inorganic matter (storing energy)+oxygen = = carbon dioxide+water+energy (4) people overuse coal and oil, and a large amount of carbon dioxide gas is released.
63.(7 points) 3. (1) Take two warm cups, numbered A.B. (1 min) respectively. (2) Take some newly harvested corn seeds, divide them into two parts on average, cook one part, and put them into A after cooling; Part of it is put into B without any treatment (2 points). (3) Insert the thermometer into two cups and plug the cups with cotton, and record the reading of the thermometer (1 min). (4) Put the two cups in the same environment, and observe and record the reading of the thermometer after a period of time (1 min). 4. (1) The thermometer in cup A has not changed.