1. The child should have a good rest the day before the physical examination, so that he can maintain the most comfortable and full mental state and eat lightly.
2. If you are sick during illness, you can't have a physical examination. You can wait until you are fully recovered.
3. The child needs an empty stomach on the morning of physical examination, and some warm water and food should be added to the child after blood drawing.
4. Wear loose, comfortable and convenient clothes for children, ensure moderate temperature, and don't wear tight underwear.
Precautions for physical examination:
1, lead content Lead is the only trace element that human body does not need, which affects intelligence and bone development, causes indigestion and anemia, and destroys renal function and immune function. Even if there is 0 in the human body. The existence of 0 1 microgram lead will also cause harm to health.
Therefore, the most important thing for children's physical examination is to measure lead.
2. Children with hemoglobin anemia are often 2 ~ 10 cm shorter than normal children of the same age, mostly because of iron deficiency.
Iron deficiency will reduce children's immunity, affect cognitive ability, and lead children to behave strangely and hyperactively.
3. Children whose zinc, calcium and magnesium levels are lower than the normal level12, 80% have severe developmental retardation. Therefore, zinc intake is very important for children to grow taller. Calcium and magnesium are also essential trace elements, which complement each other and promote development.
Calcium deficiency and hypercalcemia will affect growth and development, and even cause diseases. Therefore, calcium can't be supplemented casually, and it must be supplemented according to the doctor's advice after testing.
4. Bone age determination is mainly based on X-ray analysis of children's height potential and development. According to scientific research, the development of children's bone age tends to advance, which will seriously affect his height and figure, causing him to stop growing when he is 16 years old.
Therefore, the determination of bone age during physical examination is also essential.
Introduce the items that need to be checked.
1, general examination includes height, weight, blood pressure, body mass index to understand height, weight, blood pressure, and judge whether you are obese or thin.
2. There is an independent blood collection hall in the blood collection crowd physical examination center, which is safe, convenient, sterile and without cross infection.
3. Blood routine includes 22 blood routine whole blood cell analysis. Through blood analysis, we can find out whether there are anemia, thrombocytopenia, bacterial infection, viral infection, sepsis and other blood diseases.
4. Liver function includes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), which can check whether the liver metabolic function is normal and whether there is liver injury.
5. Bilirubin combination (three items), namely total bilirubin (TBS), direct bilirubin (DBIL) and indirect bilirubin (IBIL), is mainly used to check whether the liver bilirubin metabolism function is normal, which is helpful for the diagnosis of hepatobiliary diseases and hemolytic diseases.
6. Physical examination contents include past history, heart rate, heart rhythm, heart sound, heart boundary, lung, abdomen, liver, gallbladder, spleen, spirit and nerve, tendon reflex, etc. And can check the heart, lung, liver, gallbladder, spleen, kidney, intestine and nervous system for abnormalities.
7. The contents of surgical examination include skin, superficial lymph nodes, thyroid, spine, joints of limbs, external lymph nodes, breast and male prostate. Check the skin, superficial lymph nodes, thyroid gland, spine, limbs, rectum, breast, male prostate and external prostate for abnormalities.
8, eye examination to check whether the vision is normal, whether there is ametropia, color blindness, etc.
9, oral examination for dental diseases such as dental caries, abnormal oral mucosa and oral glands.
Extended data:
? Physical examination is the abbreviation of physical examination, which refers to the physical examination of the subjects through medical means and methods. It is a medical diagnosis link, and it is a diagnostic means for symptoms or diseases and their related factors.
If the physical examination takes symptoms as the center and aims at chief complaint and disease diagnosis and treatment, it is called "medical physical examination".
Physical examination for entrance examination, enrollment, enlistment, driving test, going abroad, marriage, insurance and other procedures. It is a physical examination based on a specific job or behavior, which is called "passing the physical examination".
In order to understand the health status of the subjects and find the clues and hidden dangers of the disease as early as possible, the physical examination of healthy or sub-healthy people who are not sick, newly sick or sick is called health examination.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia _ physical examination