1. Perceived disease susceptibility: it is the sensitivity of an individual to the possibility that his behavior will damage his health or get sick.
2. Perception of disease threat: it is the individual's expectation of dangerous consequences.
3. Perceived benefits: Taking action can bring benefits.
4. Perceptual barriers: the cost and difficulty of taking action.
5. Action clues: action strategies to achieve behavior change. Awareness of susceptibility and serious consequences can make individuals feel threatened, but they still need to know how to act.
6. Self-efficacy: People with high self-efficacy are more likely to adopt suggestions and implement healthy behavior changes. By providing training and guidance, personal self-efficacy will be improved.
Definition of health belief model:
The health belief model is based on needs and motivation theory, cognitive theory and value expectation theory. It pays attention to people's attitudes and beliefs about health and attaches importance to internal and external factors that affect beliefs. HBM is the first theory to explain and predict healthy behavior, which was put forward by Hochbaum, Rosenstock and Kegels in 1952.
HBM believes that individuals' perception, taking positive actions and believing that they can take recommended actions are important factors for behavior change. It is used to explore various long-term and short-term health behavior problems, including sexual risk behaviors and the spread of HIV\AIDS.
The above contents refer to Baidu Encyclopedia-Health Belief Model.