Problem description:
What is HIB vaccine and what does it do?
Analysis:
Hib refers to the invasive Haemophilus influenzae type B.
Using Hib vaccine is an effective measure to control Hib invasive diseases.
Hib vaccine has good immunogenicity, can produce good immune response after inoculation, and can induce the body to produce effective protective bactericidal antibodies. Studies have confirmed that more than 95% of infants reach the level of protective antibody after the second or third injection of basic immunization, and the clinical effect is estimated to be 95%~ 100%. The results of a study show that among 83% people who have completed vaccination, the effective protection rates of vaccines against Hib invasive diseases and Hib pneumonia are 94.7% and 100% respectively. According to Takala's investigation, the Hib carrying rate of unvaccinated children is 3.5%, while that of vaccinated children is 0 (P
Necessity and Feasibility of Hib Vaccination in China
1.The harm of Hib invasive diseases
Recent studies show that Hib has become the first pathogen of children's respiratory tract in China, mainly causing lower respiratory tract infection, mainly pneumonia, and the infection rate of children under 2 years old is high.
2.Hib is resistant to many antibiotics.
China is one of the countries with serious abuse of antibiotics, and Hib is resistant to many antibiotics. Some people tested the drug sensitivity of 105 strain of Haemophilus influenzae in eight drugs. The results showed that five drugs were resistant to Hib, among which erythromycin, ampicillin, ceftazidime, streptomycin and penicillin were 85.765438 0%, 79.09%, 79.03%, 78.09% and 70.48% respectively.
3. The level of anti -Hib PRP antibody in China population is very low.
At present, it is generally believed that the anti-PRP antibody concentration in human serum can only play an effective protective role when it reaches 0. 1.5μ g/ml. According to the survey in some areas of China, HipPRP
4.Hib vaccine is safe and effective in China.
Forty-eight healthy infants aged 6~ 12 months in Hebei province were vaccinated with PRP-T, with 2 injections at intervals of 1 month. After immunization with 1 month, the antibody level was significantly increased by 100%, the antibody content of vaccinators was >: 0. 15 μg/ml, and the geometric average titer (GMT) was increased from 0.078 μg/ml before immunization to 1856μ g/ml. After the second immunization 1 month, the antibody level of 80.9% vaccinators was ≥ 10μ g/ml, and GMT was 2.52 μg/ml. Less than 5% of the vaccinated infants have body temperature over 38.3℃, local redness, congestion and pain, but they can all disappear within 12~24 hours, which is similar to the incidence of symptoms of placebo.