Anatomy and Physiology of Kidney in Kidney Disease

The human body has two kidneys, one on each side of the lumbar spine. The kidney is shaped like a broad bean, with a convex outer edge and a concave inner edge. Each kidney is 9-12cm long, 5-6cm wide, 3-4cm thick and weighs120-150g. The two kidneys are similar in shape, size and weight, and the left kidney is slightly larger than the right kidney.

The main structure of the kidney includes: (1) glomerulus: it completes the filtering function of the kidney and removes metabolites and poisons in the body; (2) Renal tubules: reabsorb useful substances (sugar, amino acids, protein and salt, etc.). ) filter out from the glomerulus, secrete some metabolites and drugs to remove them, and adjust the acid-base water balance in the body; (3) Collecting tube and renal pelvis: Urinating tube, which participates in the balance regulation of the body.