Health belief model (HBM) is an important theoretical model to explain health-related behaviors by social psychology, and it is proposed that health behaviors are influenced by both psychological and social factors. As can be seen from the figure below, this model thinks that the cognition of susceptibility and severity is related to the behavior of preventing diseases. The core part of the cognitive system is a set of personal beliefs about diseases, which regulates the perception of threats and thus affects the possibility of adopting disease-resistant behaviors. The core part of the social system is various forms of policy formulation and mass media publicity activities, which are specially designed to convince the public that the danger is real, but changing unhealthy lifestyles can play a beneficial role. Health belief is the key for people to accept persuasion, change bad behaviors and adopt health promotion behaviors.
(1) Main contents
Fig. 5 Theoretical framework of health belief model
As can be seen from the above figure, this model is divided into three main parts:
1. Personal understanding and views on health
Including: understanding the susceptibility and severity of the disease; Awareness of the importance of health; Understand the meaning of health; Understanding of health status; Understand the role of self in health; Understand the benefits of health promotion behavior; And the knowledge and understanding of health promotion behavior disorder.
2. Correction coefficient
Including: individual demographic characteristics, social psychological factors, interpersonal influence, situational factors, behavioral factors, as well as personal disease knowledge and experience.
3. Possibility of taking action
Possibility of participating in health promotion behaviors, and evidence of preparing to take action.