Under what circumstances can't I take medicine? Knowledge of home-home safe medication 2006-01-1kloc-0/,pills.
Tablets are divided into sugar-coated tablets and non-sugar-coated tablets. Sugar-coated tablets can not be taken when they are wet, discolored, moldy, cracked or melted. Non-sugar coated tablets, such as white, yellow, black, spotted, loose, deliquescent, etc. , can't take any more.
There is also a capsule, which contains powder. If the capsule becomes sticky due to moisture, the powder inside will agglomerate and cannot be used again. 2. Inject drugs.
Drugs for injection (injections) are mostly aqueous solutions, which are generally colorless and yellowish clear liquids. No turbidity, sedimentation, floc and discoloration are allowed, and it is not allowed to be used. 3. Chinese patent medicine pills and tablets.
Chinese patent medicine pills and tablets are found to be moldy, moth-eaten and damp. , indicating that they have deteriorated and can no longer be used. 4, potion, syrup.
Such as turbidity, precipitation, mildew, discoloration, fermentation, rancidity and so on. If it is found in the liquid medicine, it should be deteriorated and dumped in time. 5. External use.
Eye drops, like injections, are clear aqueous solutions. If crystals, flocs or mildew spots appear, it indicates that they have deteriorated and can no longer be used. From the age of 50, the adult dose should be reduced by 1% every1year; 65438+ 0/3 of adult dose for people over 60 years old; 70 years old1/4; 80 years old 1/5.
Drugs are not suitable for the elderly: the elderly should use ephedra, licorice and rhubarb with caution. Ephedra has central and sympathetic nerve excitation, which is easy to cause insomnia, hypertension and angina pectoris in the elderly, and it is also easy to cause urinary retention in male elderly people. Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch is easy to cause hypertension, edema and decrease of serum potassium, which aggravates hypertension symptoms.
When hypertension occurs, taking diuretics can reduce serum potassium, so attention should be paid to it when it is used with Glycyrrhiza prescription. To reduce the usage rate of rhubarb, once used, start with a small amount, otherwise it will cause diarrhea and abdominal pain.
2. 200 words of drug safety knowledge
Drug safety knowledge 1, how to use drugs correctly? (1) Appropriate drugs.
Choose the most suitable medicine according to your physical condition. (2) Appropriate dosage.
Take it in strict accordance with the dosage prescribed by the doctor's advice or instructions. (3) the right time.
Some drugs need to be taken before meals, some need to be taken after meals and some need to be taken between meals. If you don't take it according to the method, it will affect the effect or cause * * * to the stomach.
(4) Appropriate ways. Patients are suitable for oral medication, and try not to use intravenous medication.
Now a sequential therapy is advocated, that is, after controlling symptoms by infusion, oral drugs are changed to consolidate treatment. (5) Suitable patients.
The same disease happened to two people. Because of the differences between individuals, even if the same drug is used, it should be balanced comprehensively. The treatment plan cannot be applied to everyone. (6) Appropriate course of treatment.
Prolonging the administration time can easily lead to cumulative poisoning, bacterial resistance, drug dependence and other adverse reactions. However, once the symptoms are controlled, drug withdrawal often cannot completely cure the disease. Only by grasping the cycle can we get twice the result with half the effort.
(7) Appropriate treatment objectives. Patients often hope to get rid of the disease and be cured completely, or unrealistically demand the use of drugs without toxic side effects.
Both doctors and patients should adopt a positive, correct and objective attitude according to the specific situation and reach an understanding. 2. The medication principle of "five before five" (1) is to use diet before medication.
For example, drinking ginger slices and brown sugar water can cure colds, and constipation can eat spinach porridge. If you don't get better after diet therapy, you can consider physical therapy, * * *, acupuncture and other methods, and finally you can use medicine.
(2) Chinese medicine should be used first, then western medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine is mostly natural medicine, and its toxicity and side effects are generally much smaller than those of western medicine, unless western medicine is really effective.
Generally speaking, it is best to take Chinese medicine first. (3) External use before oral administration.
In order to reduce the toxicity of drugs to human body, drugs can be used externally to treat diseases, such as dermatosis, gingivitis, sprain and so on. You can use external drugs to detoxify and reduce swelling, and it is best not to take oral anti-inflammatory drugs. (4) Take orally before injection.
Some elderly people want to get an injection when they are sick, thinking that the injection will come quickly, but it is not. Drugs flow to the whole body through blood and blood vessel walls, and finally enter the heart, which directly threatens the blood vessel walls and the heart.
Therefore, if the disease can be alleviated by internal medicine, there is no need to use injections. (5) First use patented drugs and then use new drugs.
In recent years, new drugs are constantly emerging. Generally speaking, they have unique curative effects in some aspects. However, due to the short application time, their shortcomings and side effects, especially long-term side effects, have not been recognized. Therefore, it is best for middle-aged and elderly people to use Chinese and western medicine first when they get sick, and be cautious when they really need to use new drugs, especially imported drugs.
3. What is the common sense of safe medication in daily life?
1. Drugs should be prepared at home:
① Common drugs: commonly used drugs for respiratory diseases such as colds, asthma and tracheitis; Commonly used drugs for digestive tract diseases such as diarrhea, vomiting and loss of appetite; Others, such as cod liver oil, calcium tablets, external drugs for ENT and dermatology diseases, etc.
② Commonly used drugs: There are many kinds of drugs to treat various systemic diseases, so you only need to prepare commonly used drugs at home. There are many drugs with similar effects, so you can choose some for standby.
③ Safe medication: Children have strict medication requirements, and improper use may easily lead to adverse consequences. Spare drugs should be drugs with little side effects, little toxic reaction and simple use.
4 Easy to use: Internal medicine and external medicine are the main standing medicines at home. Try to use injections as little as possible, because improper use and poor mastery can easily lead to adverse consequences such as allergies and poisoning.
⑤ Easy-to-preserve drugs: Family-kept drugs generally last for a long time. This requires less drugs to be stored, especially those that are easy to deteriorate and fail. Specifically, tablets should be used as the main ingredient, supplemented by aqueous solutions. Select some drugs with better packaging for storage.
⑥ Drugs easy to master: All kinds of drugs have their own dosage, usage, indications and side effects, which are difficult for complicated parents to master. Therefore, the drugs in the reserve should be few and refined, with few types, easy to remember and use, and less mistakes.
2. Taking cold medicine should not eat sweets: Medical experiments have proved that if you take cold medicine containing acetaminophen on an empty stomach, it usually takes about 20 minutes, and the drug concentration in the blood can reach the highest. When the patient has sugary food in his stomach, the absorption of cold medicine will be delayed for 2 hours, which will affect his function. Eating too many sweets will also make a lot of sugar enter the blood, which will lead to poor appetite of patients. In addition, the sugar in sweets can promote the secretion of cortisol after entering the human body. Cortisol has an inhibitory effect on the immune system, which will greatly reduce the body resistance of patients, so remember not to eat sweets and sweet drinks when you have a cold.
3. Don't drink juice or milk when taking antibiotics: People in China have to take antibiotics to feel at ease. No matter whether you take antibiotics or not, remember not to drink juice or milk for 2 hours before and after taking antibiotics. This is because fruit juice, especially fresh fruit juice, is rich in fruit acid, which can accelerate the dissolution of antibiotics, reduce the efficacy of antibiotics, and may also generate harmful intermediate products and increase toxic and side effects; However, milk will reduce the activity of antibiotics, so that the efficacy can not be fully exerted and the due curative effect can not be achieved.
4. It is not advisable to drink milk when taking antidiarrheal drugs: when diarrhea occurs, our appetite tends to decrease. In order to supplement the lost nutrition, we often drink milk with higher nutritional value instead of food, but what you don't know is that milk not only reduces the efficacy of antidiarrheal drugs, but also the lactose in milk is easy to aggravate diarrhea symptoms. Therefore, never drink milk during diarrhea.
5. It is not advisable to drink coffee or cola when taking ibuprofen: ibuprofen is what we often call fenbid, which has anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects. Headache, joint pain, toothache, cold and fever can all play a certain therapeutic role. However, because ibuprofen itself has a great effect on gastric mucosa, in order to avoid the aggravation of pain, we should try to avoid drinking beverages that secrete gastric acid, such as coffee and cola, so as not to aggravate the toxic side effects of ibuprofen on gastric mucosa and even induce gastric bleeding and gastric perforation.
6. Taking antihypertensive drugs should not eat grapefruit: The doctor suggested that it is best not to eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice during taking antihypertensive drugs. If you must eat grapefruit, you should take the corresponding antihypertensive drugs 12 hours after eating grapefruit. This is because grapefruit contains a chemical called furan coumarin, which can affect the function of an enzyme in the liver, greatly reduce the metabolism of this enzyme on drugs, and lead to the increase of blood drug concentration in the body. At the same time, naringin in grapefruit will accelerate the absorption of drugs in the intestine. Drug absorption is too fast and metabolism is too slow, which will lead to high drug concentration in blood. When antihypertensive drugs are taken together with grapefruit, patients will have some drug overdose reactions, including blood pressure drop, slow heart rate and even severe shock.
7. Taking diuretics should not eat bananas and oranges: Diuretics are commonly used in clinic, but it should be noted that potassium will remain in the blood during taking diuretics. However, bananas, oranges and other fruits are high in potassium. After taking it, patients accumulate too much potassium in the body, which is easy to induce heart and blood pressure complications.
4. What should children pay attention to about the common sense of safe medication?
Conditions (such as dry stool, fever, good diet, the thickness of clothes you wear for your children, etc.). ).
Generally speaking, parents love children from the moment they are born, fearing that they will be hungry and frozen, and they will dress them warmly and eat enough. As a result, the child will be seriously angry and catch a cold. After catching a cold, children are more afraid of catching a cold, wearing thicker clothes, getting angry more seriously, catching a worse cold, and developing bronchitis and bronchitis along the course of getting angry-catching cold-coughing, until today's bronchiolitis.
If what I say is true, you should consider breaking the strange circle of children's illness, so as to completely cure the child's illness. Talking only about bronchiolitis can only cure the symptoms, not the root cause. The child's bronchiolitis is just the tip of the iceberg, and the big foundation of the disease is getting angry. Only when you get angry will you have a cold, fever, cough and asthma. If the foundation of the disease is cut off, periodontitis at the tip of the iceberg will not be difficult to cure.
Internal heat and symptoms are exterior and interior symptoms. The root cause is internal fire, which is called internal heat in Chinese medicine. Many people, especially western medicine, attach more importance to symptoms than internal fire, which often delays the treatment of diseases.
Just like a building is on fire, the fire comes from one or several windows (that is, symptoms) upstairs. The method of western medicine only waters the burning window, regardless of the fire source in the building, and there is a phenomenon of long-term cure. Moreover, long-term and large-scale use of antibiotics will make bacteria resistant to drugs, make the disease more stubborn, and form a phenomenon that drugs work first and then do not work.
The method of Chinese medicine is to pour water on the fire. Although it is a little slow, it will still be cured. First of all, we should start with clothes: children are small, full of vitality, have a fast metabolism and generate more calories than adults; At the same time, children are active, exercise much more than adults, and produce more calories than adults.
Therefore, children's clothes can't exceed their father's, which is one of the reasons why children are angry. Considering that the child is seriously ill in early winter, don't cut clothes too fast, so that the child can have an adaptation process.
Don't cover the child too thick when sleeping at night. You should prevent children from sweating after sleeping. Finally, the child's palm is not hot or slightly cold, and the clothes are suitable.
Dressing should follow the principle of "spring and autumn freezing" in order to keep in good health. Drinking water is an important means to treat children's diseases. Imagine that if a normal healthy adult enters a fried restaurant, eating or not drinking can make him cough, let alone a seriously ill child.
Boil water with apples, pears, oranges, reed roots, licorice and almonds, add some rock sugar to boil water, and let children drink a lot. Let children drink more water and urinate more, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing dryness and fire, moistening lung and nourishing yin.
If the child's stool is dry, it is necessary to give the child more fruits and vegetables (avoid raw pears and eat less oranges) and eat less meat. At the same time, give children small Chinese medicines such as Xiaoerbao tablets, and you can also take some lactase tablets (mashed) to ensure that children's stools are smooth and sufficient.
Remember: "if you are sick, you will get a treasure." If the child's stool is still not smooth, you can take these two drugs, the dose is twice the amount specified in the manual, until a large number of soft stools appear, no longer taking them.
Through the above conditioning, the child's mouth has no odor, the urine is not yellow, and the stool is not dry enough, which basically achieves the purpose of removing fire and is also a way to keep the child healthy for a long time. In this case, the child can be cured by taking drugs that moisten the lungs, resolve phlegm, relieve cough and asthma.
Otherwise, you should take the medicine, which was useful at that time, and it will be repeated as soon as you stop taking it. Children can be given Ziyin Qingfei syrup and Chuanbei loquat cough syrup, which should be reduced according to the amount of adults.
At the same time, take some western medicines with antitussive, expectorant, antiasthmatic and anti-inflammatory effects. If necessary, infusion can be given to the child to speed up the cure of the child's condition and prevent the child's periodontitis from developing into pneumonia or chronic. Because the child's condition is already very serious, adults should be patient and overcome impatience.
The principle of treating diseases is to remove fire and moisten lung, eliminate phlegm and nourish yin, and relieve cough and asthma. Some fire-clearing laxatives will hurt yin, and long-term use will have side effects, so use them with caution.
Remember: medicine has three poisons, especially western medicine, which has great side effects, so be careful. After the child's illness is cured in the future, we should also pay attention to prevent the child from getting angry, so as to avoid recurrent diseases.
These hopes are helpful to you, and I wish the baby a speedy recovery.
5. Safety tips
It can light matches, burn wounds and kill snake venom.
7. Take all kinds of snake medicine as soon as possible, and it is ineffective to use it after biting for 24 hours. At the same time, the tablets can be made into paste with warm water or saliva, and applied to 2 cm around the wound. Do not bandage the wound.
8. After treatment, they should be sent to a nearby hospital immediately. What if I am bitten by a dog? Being bitten by a dog is more harmful to people, because the dog's teeth are full of all kinds of germs and viruses, which can easily invade the human body through the wound, causing diseases and even causing colds and death.
If bitten by a mad dog, rabies will be caused by rabies virus, and the death rate of rabies is very high. So being bitten by a dog must not be underestimated, and emergency measures must be taken: 1. Under normal circumstances, it is difficult to tell whether it is bitten by a mad dog, so once bitten by a dog, it is considered as bitten by a mad dog.
2. After being bitten by a dog, the wound should be treated immediately. First of all, tourniquet (handkerchief, rope, etc. ) should be tied above the wound to prevent or reduce the virus from flowing into the whole body with blood. 3. Wash the wound with clean water or soapy water quickly and thoroughly.
Don't bandage the wound. 4. Quickly sent to the hospital for treatment, injected with rabies vaccine and tetanus antitoxin within 24 hours.
What should I do if I have a fracture? Fracture refers to the partial or total fracture of human skeleton, and most fractures are caused by strong impact. After fracture, the fracture site is painful, accompanied by swelling, congestion and deformation, and people's activities are limited and they cannot bear the load. In severe cases, there will be bleeding, shock, infection and visceral injury.
How to deal with fracture in an emergency? 1. Let the patient lie flat, don't move the patient blindly, don't drag or * * * the injured part. 2. Check the injured part, select branches, boards and sticks from local materials in time, and fix the injured part to prevent the injury from getting worse.
3. When there is no fixed object, the injured upper limb can be hung and fixed on its chest with handkerchiefs and cloth strips. , lower limbs can be tied and fixed with uninjured lower limbs. 4. Open fractures (that is, skin, limbs or mucous membranes at the fracture site are broken and bone is exposed), attention should be paid to keeping the wound clean to prevent infection.
5. After emergency treatment, immediately send it to the hospital for treatment, and be careful not to collide with the injured part during transportation. Avoid artificially aggravating injuries.
What should I do if I bleed more than enough? Students hurt their bodies when playing, and they often bleed, especially their noses. In these cases, the following measures should be taken: 1. If limbs or fingers bleed, immediately wrap the wound tightly with clean gauze or clean wide cloth. If possible, it is best to sprinkle some Yunnan Baiyao on the wound and bandage it again.
2. If it is a nosebleed, you can lift your head and press the nasal root on the bleeding side with your fingers until it doesn't bleed. If you have a clean cotton ball, you can put it into your nose to stop the bleeding.
In addition, cold water can be poured into the back of the brain, which will make the blood vessels contract, thus achieving the purpose of hemostasis. Traffic safety clothing, food, shelter and transportation are the most basic contents in people's lives, and "transportation" involves traffic problems.
Students go to school on weekdays and travel on holidays. Besides walking, they also ride bicycles and take buses (electric cars). For further distances, they have to take trains and boats. Therefore, we must pay attention to traffic safety. It is necessary to establish traffic safety awareness from an early age, master the necessary traffic safety knowledge, and ensure traffic safety.
How to pay attention to traffic safety when walking? When students go to school, it is the most crowded time of the day. There are many people and cars, so we must pay great attention to traffic safety. 1. Walk on the road and walk on the sidewalk; For roads without sidewalks, take the roadside.
2. When going out in groups, it is best to walk in an organized and orderly manner; When going out together, don't chase, fight and play with each other; Pay attention to your surroundings when you walk. Don't look around, read newspapers or do other things while you walk. 3. On the road without traffic police command, learn to avoid motor vehicles and don't argue with them.
4. In foggy days, rainy and snowy days, it is best to wear colorful clothes, so that motorists can find the target as soon as possible and take safety measures in advance. In some cities, primary school students wear small yellow hats when they go out, and they also hold "Rang" plates when they take part in group activities, in order to let motor vehicles find and avoid them in time. This practice should be advocated.
What should I pay attention to when crossing the road? When crossing the road, the possible risk factors will increase greatly, so pay special attention to safety. L. When crossing the road, obey the command of the traffic police; It is necessary to obey the traffic rules and achieve "green light, red light stops".
2. When crossing the road, take the crosswalk line; In sections with overpasses and underpasses, you should consciously take overpasses and underpasses. 3. When crossing the road, go straight and don't detour; In the section where there is no crosswalk, you should look at the left first, then at the right, and you can only cross the road when you confirm that there is no motor vehicle.
4. Don't cross the safety fence and isolation pier in the middle of the road. Don't cross the street suddenly, especially if an acquaintance or friend is on the phone across the street, or if the bus you want to take has pulled into the station, don't act rashly to avoid accidents.
What safety precautions should I pay attention to when riding a bicycle? When going out by bike, the unsafe factors are more than walking. The following safety precautions are required: 1. Always check your bike to keep it in good condition. Whether the brakes and bells are sensitive and normal is particularly important.
2. Bikes should be the right size, and don't ride children's toy cars on the streets. Don't ride a cart alone.
3. Don't learn to ride a bike on the road; Children under twelve should not ride bicycles in the street. 4. Riding a bicycle should be on the right side of the non-motor vehicle lane and not retrograde; When turning, don't make a sharp turn, slow down in advance, see the surrounding situation clearly, and then turn with a clear gesture.
5. After crossing the road, slow down and pay attention to pedestrians and vehicles; Don't run the red light, stop the red light and wait until the green light comes on. 6. When riding a bicycle, don't spread your hands, don't ride with many people, don't climb each other, and don't chase each other.
7. Don't climb a motor vehicle when riding a bike, don't carry overweight things, don't take people by bike, and don't wear headphones to listen to the radio when riding a bike. 8. Learn and master the basic knowledge of traffic rules.
How to pay attention to safety when cycling in rainy and snowy weather? It is raining.
6. Common sense of family safety
First, avoid panic: if someone gets an electric shock, don't rush to help.
Cut off the power supply first, and then connect it with an insulator such as a wooden stick before moving the person who gets an electric shock. After the electrical appliances catch fire, the power supply should be cut off first, and it is forbidden to splash the charged electrical appliances with water.
Second, avoid lying flat: don't think that all sick people must lie flat. For example, patients with heart failure are suitable for sitting, and lying flat will aggravate the condition. Patients with abdominal pain sometimes lie on their side and bend their knees to relieve pain, and should not lie flat.
Third, avoid indiscriminate use of drugs: family members should use drugs appropriately when they are sick, such as nitroglycerin when angina pectoris attacks, which is very important to alleviate the condition and strive for rescue time. But be sure to know the indications, dosage and usage of drugs and avoid taking them casually.
Fourth, avoid drinking water: many people are used to drinking water for patients when they meet patients, and sometimes it is wrong to do so. Drinking water for comatose patients may lead to suffocation, and drinking water for patients with gastrointestinal trauma and intestinal obstruction may aggravate the condition.
5. Don't move at will: Especially in the event of a car accident or trauma, you must not move at will, let alone drag the patient reluctantly, otherwise the injury (such as spinal cord injury) may be aggravated. 6. Don't ignore small wounds: Small wounds on the surface can generally heal themselves, but if you encounter stab wounds such as rusty nails, even if the wounds are small, you should attach great importance to them. In addition to cleaning and disinfecting the wound as soon as possible after injury, we should also go to the hospital to inject tetanus antitoxin to avoid tetanus infection.
Seven, avoid prolapse: some people with severe trauma, abdominal organs (such as intestines, etc.). ) prolapse, then don't blindly put the prolapsed organs into the abdomen. It is best to cover the prolapse with clean gauze. And sent to the hospital for treatment. Eight, don't give up near and seek far: it takes time to save the wounded and sick, so send the patient to the nearest hospital for treatment.
Save people first, and then transfer to a big hospital for further treatment as needed. Don't neglect the long journey in order to send patients to famous hospitals.
7. What are the knowledge of family safety medication?
Under what circumstances can't I take medicine?
Family-Family Safety Drug Knowledge 2006-0 1- 10
1, pills. Tablets are divided into sugar-coated tablets and non-sugar-coated tablets. Sugar-coated tablets can not be taken when they are wet, discolored, moldy, cracked or melted. Non-sugar coated tablets, such as white, yellow, black, spotted, loose, deliquescent, etc. , can't take any more. There is also a capsule, which contains powder. If the capsule becomes sticky due to moisture, the powder inside will agglomerate and cannot be used again. 2. Inject drugs. Drugs for injection (injections) are mostly aqueous solutions, which are generally colorless and yellowish clear liquids. No turbidity, sedimentation, floc and discoloration are allowed, and it is not allowed to be used. 3. Chinese patent medicine pills and tablets. Chinese patent medicine pills and tablets are found to be moldy, moth-eaten and damp. , indicating that they have deteriorated and can no longer be used. 4, potion, syrup. Such as turbidity, precipitation, mildew, discoloration, fermentation, rancidity and so on. If it is found in the liquid medicine, it should be deteriorated and dumped in time. 5. External use. Eye drops, like injections, are clear aqueous solutions. If crystals, flocs or mildew spots appear, it indicates that they have deteriorated and can no longer be used.
From the age of 50, the adult dose should be reduced by 1% every1year; 65438+ 0/3 of adult dose for people over 60 years old; 70 years old1/4; 80 years old 1/5. Drugs are not suitable for the elderly: the elderly should use ephedra, licorice and rhubarb with caution. Ephedra has central and sympathetic nerve excitation, which is easy to cause insomnia, hypertension and angina pectoris in the elderly, and it is also easy to cause urinary retention in male elderly people. Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch is easy to cause hypertension, edema and decrease of serum potassium, which aggravates hypertension symptoms. When hypertension occurs, taking diuretics can reduce serum potassium, so attention should be paid to it when it is used with Glycyrrhiza prescription. To reduce the usage rate of rhubarb, once used, start with a small amount, otherwise it will cause diarrhea and abdominal pain.
8. What is the knowledge of safe medication?
1. Cold medicines cannot be mixed.
2. Taking too many vitamins may lead to poisoning.
3. Compound licorice tablets contain ethanol, which is easy to produce disulfiram reaction when combined with cephalosporins.
4. When taking cephalosporins, not only can you not drink alcohol, but you can't touch alcohol or eat drinks and foods containing ethanol products within 7 days after stopping taking drugs, such as alcoholic chocolate, Huoxiang Zhengqi water, fermented vinegar, etc.
5. Nose drops: Long-term use may cause rhinitis.
6. Plasters are not universal. Each plaster has its own unique pharmacological effect, not a patch that hurts a hundred times, let alone a patch that hurts a hundred times.
Xinhua News, a statistical data of the State Food and Drug Administration of the United States shows that about 2.5 million people eat the wrong medicine every year and damage their health, resulting in 200,000 deaths, twice the number of traffic accident deaths in China! The common drugs around us, if used improperly, may lead to great disasters, so we must learn more about drug use and use drugs according to the requirements of doctors.