Every wechat you send, every phone call you make, may warn you whether you are at risk of catching an epidemic ... This is not science fiction, but big data precision medical care that has already started around the world.
A few days ago, the First Hospital of Zhejiang University formally established the Precision Medical Center. Professor Li Lanjuan, academician of China Academy of Engineering, director of the State Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment, and director of the Collaborative Innovation Center for Infectious Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment, gave a special report on "Medical and Health Big Data and Precision Medicine".
"The popularity of precision medical big data is bringing changes to the health industry in China and the world." In an exclusive interview with Qianbao reporter, Li Lanjuan said that in the near future, precision medical care supported by big data will customize the treatment plan for every patient, which will also change the pattern of national medical investment.
Precision medicine
Provide personalized treatment
Big data technology can analyze a large number of complex data sets and find an effective connection between diseases and treatment methods, which will change the traditional treatment plan.
The United States put forward the plan of precision medical care, using the analysis of big data to find out the defects of personalization and really prescribe the right medicine, which varies from person to person. This method helped Jobs prolong his life for several years.
Our country's precision medical research is also actively following up. From July, 2065438 to July, 2004, Li Lanjuan and his team published scientific research papers in Nature, revealing the secrets of intestinal flora and liver cirrhosis, and providing new ideas for global medical science and technology research.
Many patients with liver cirrhosis have been treated with antibiotics for a long time, but Li Lanjuan and her team found that this did not bring good results, because antibiotics not only killed harmful bacteria in the intestine, but also killed beneficial bacteria.
Intestinal flora is an indispensable "organ" for providing human nutrition, regulating intestinal epithelial development and innate immunity. She focuses on "intestinal flora". After nearly three years' research, they collected 18 1 intestinal flora samples from China, including 98 fecal samples from patients with liver cirrhosis and 83 healthy volunteers.
The team used a new generation of sequencing technology and big data analysis technology to generate nearly 860GB of sequence data, and found 28 kinds of "bad bacteria" closely related to patients with liver cirrhosis through research; The data comparison also shows that there are 38 kinds of "beneficial bacteria" closely related to healthy people, but the number of intestinal flora in patients with liver cirrhosis is very small.
This means that the treatment of patients with liver cirrhosis can be more accurate in the future. "We will supplement more' good bacteria' to patients with liver cirrhosis and kill too high' bad bacteria'." Li Lanjuan said that on the basis of pharmacogenomics, this work can be completed very accurately. "For different patients, use the right medicine and the right dosage."
Budget consciousness
surgical operation
Big data technology has been used in surgery to help patients get more efficient surgical results.
Professor Zheng Shusen, academician of China Academy of Engineering and president of the First Hospital of Zhejiang University, is a famous organ transplant expert in China. So far, he has led the team to successfully implement more than 200 living donor liver transplantation operations.
The liver is the hematopoietic organ of human body. The liver is difficult to operate because it "directs" thousands of blood vessels.
With the support of advanced digital technology, Zheng Shusen's team can use virtual reality software to view various structures of patients' liver before and during living donor liver transplantation. Big data analysis can also accurately calculate the part of the liver that needs to be transplanted. On the one hand, it ensures that the donor has sufficient blood supply and can survive; At the same time, whether the remaining liver of the donor can grow a new liver within half a year is evaluated to ensure normal liver function.
Around the world, surgical instruments with big data processing function have become powerful assistants for surgeons. For example, in the operation of removing tumor tissue, the biggest challenge for surgeons is whether they can clean the cancerous tissue in one operation. Nearly one-third of breast cancer surgery can not completely erase the traces of the tumor.
Not long ago, Zoltan· Takatz of Imperial College London explored a "precise surgery". The advanced weapon iknife was used in the operation, and the sensor and mass spectrometer were installed in front of the traditional scalpel. Iknife can inform the boundary and nature of the lesion at the first time.
big data
Guide medical policy
Big data can show the effect of medication more scientifically and guide the direction of medical policy.
In 20 12, Li Lanjuan led a team to do a project related to the infection rate of hepatitis B, and collected 1000 physical examination data samples from Zhejiang. Through the analysis, it is found that the infection rate of hepatitis B is 8%-1992 in samples over 20 years old; In the samples under 20 years old, the infection rate of hepatitis B is less than 1.5%.
Why is there such a big gap in hepatitis B infection rate when there is only one year difference?
1992 this year is a key word. 65438-0992, the Ministry of Health brought hepatitis B vaccine into the planned immunization management. Through the analysis of big data technology, Li Lanjuan's team verified the effectiveness of the drug, and the analysis results will bring scientific guidance for the country to formulate public health policies.
"If China continues to fully vaccinate newborns and adults get hepatitis B vaccine as soon as possible, then ten years later, China will get rid of the hat of a big hepatitis country." Li Lanjuan said.
Develop big data
Predict disease
With the analysis of big data, the mode of "seeing a doctor" is changing to "being watched by a doctor"-your wearable device can give you a "physical examination" 24 hours a day. This all-data mode is low in cost and high in efficiency, and can be used by almost everyone.
"The long-term goal of precision medicine is the health management of everyone." Next, Team Li Lanjuan will create a volunteer queue with a population of over 6.5438+0 million in Zhejiang. They are willing to enjoy their genetic data, biological samples, vital information and all electronic health information.
This is a new research model that integrates participants, responsible data sharing and privacy protection. Based on this health big data, the team of the First Hospital of Zhejiang University will be able to do a series of new studies, such as pharmacogenomics research, so that doctors can prescribe appropriate drugs and appropriate doses for each patient more accurately; For example, setting new treatment and prevention goals for patients.
In the United States, where the medical industry is the most developed in the world, many high-tech products based on big data and disease prevention have emerged in the field of medical entrepreneurship.
American Anmo Madan and his team set up a company, focusing on the study of predicting the owner's disease through the data analysis of mobile phones.
After collecting and analyzing more than 320,000 hours' data of mobile phones of experimental participants, they can finally model people's mobile phones to predict colds, mental illness and so on. For example, when people are depressed, they can usually see changes in communication with others, and daily data analysis can capture these changes. In the test, this application can correctly judge the daily physiological symptoms and ordinary breathing of 60%~90% people, and inform the owner of these changes, or send them to friends or family in the future.
Further development of big data to predict diseases may also significantly reduce medical costs. The McKinsey Global Institute reports that if the US healthcare industry effectively uses big data, it can reduce the cost by about 8%, thus creating $300 billion in value every year.
"In China, big data will also affect the specific policies of medical reform, such as the investment in medical insurance.
The above is what Bian Xiao shared with you about the changes that big data has brought to the health industry. For more information, you can pay attention to more dry goods sharing of global ivy.