Question 2: What is the ecological environment? Ecological environment is also called natural environment. It is the sum of all natural substances and energy that can affect human life and production in the space surrounded by people. There are many kinds of substances that constitute the ecological environment, mainly air, water, soil, plants, animals, rocks and minerals, solar radiation and so on. These are the material basis of human existence. The distribution of these substances on the earth is regular. In different regions and spaces, there are certain proportions of various substances, which influence and restrict each other and form different ecosystems. Answer: September 2006-1911:31.
Question 3: What are the scientific concepts of ecological environment design, urban and architectural ecological design and urban development?
The sustainable development of the city is our goal, and its realization must conform to the objective law of the development of things.
According to the city's ecological carrying capacity, per capita ecological footprint and per capita ecological deficit, we should adopt corresponding ecological strategies to reduce the ecological deficit and achieve ecological balance.
Through the comprehensive evaluation of urban ecological resources, the regional ecological security pattern is constructed and the reasonable urban development direction is determined.
Construct urban natural ecological security network to ensure urban basic ecological security. It provides scientific design basis for urban planning and urban design.
Through the guidance of renewable energy law and related laws and regulations, we will promote the construction of ecological environment and the development of circular economy, promote the industrialization of various ecological technologies, and provide technical and economic support for the construction of eco-cities.
Compound view of urban ecosystem
A city is a compound ecosystem composed of natural ecosystem, social ecosystem and economic ecosystem. Natural ecosystem emphasizes ecological security and ecological benefits. Social ecosystem emphasizes the construction of a harmonious society and the sustainable development of culture. The economic ecosystem emphasizes the promotion of Scientific Outlook on Development and circular economy model. Here, we should not only maintain the dynamic balance within each system, but also realize the coordinated development between systems, so as to achieve a harmonious life between heaven and earth.
Holistic ecological architecture view
Building system is an open system, which is the link between energy and material flow in the earth's biosphere. We should consider the correlation between architecture and ecological environment to promote their harmonious life.
Considering the time factor, establish the concept of the whole life cycle of architectural development.
Considering the spatial factors, control the influence of building system on the spatial replacement of natural ecosystem.
Considering the limitation of resources, we should effectively use and protect the resources on the earth in the construction of human settlements. From the dematerialization with less money and multiple purposes, that is, reduction, to the materialization with recycling.
Ecological priority of urban construction
In urban complex ecosystem, natural ecosystem is particularly important for human survival and development. Although the system construction cost is not high, the system itself is very fragile, easy to destroy and difficult to recover. Therefore, people must establish the concept of "giving priority to natural ecology" to ensure the coordination and balance of urban complex ecosystem.
In the overall planning and urban design, through the comprehensive evaluation of urban resources, an analysis model of land ecological suitability is established, and a natural ecological safety network is constructed according to the "patch-corridor-matrix" theory of landscape ecology and the principle of carbon-oxygen balance, which provides preconditions and design basis for planning and design.
As the ecological infrastructure of the city, the natural ecological safety net should be in a leading position in the municipal infrastructure of the city. The ecological infrastructure of the city is the guarantee for the city and its residents to continuously obtain natural ecological services. Facing the huge prospect of urbanization in China in the future, the forward-looking urban ecological infrastructure construction has important strategic significance (in 2003).
Passive priority of ecological strategy
In the design of ecological buildings, it is often necessary to adopt various ecological strategies to achieve the goal. When choosing ecological strategy, we advocate passive strategy (natural ventilation, phase change heat storage, sun room, etc.). Priority should be given to and active strategies should be adopted (solar collectors, air conditioning systems, etc.). ) should be optimized to make it more concise, effective, economical and easy to implement, and form a distinctive spatial form.
Problem-oriented, according to local conditions
In the overall planning and urban design, due to the different ecological factors and functional requirements of the city, the natural ecological security network and urban form will be different and unique.
In the design of ecological residential area, different original ecological environment, different native tree species and different design conditions lead to different site design strategies and different residential characteristics.
China has a vast territory and diverse climate, and different climatic zones have great influence on the choice of passive ecological strategies. In the design of ecological architecture, we should excavate and upgrade local materials and technologies according to the characteristics of the climate zone where the building is located, choose mature and effective passive ecological strategies, build a bioclimate buffer layer, and assist with optimized active ecological strategies to create a material-saving, energy-saving, environmental protection, comfortable and healthy living environment.
Positive human settlement environment
Everything is divided into two parts, both positive and negative. The key is to capture and analyze contradictions with a positive attitude, excavate and highlight positive factors, discover and transform negative factors, and realize the goal of benign development of human settlements. This is > >
Question 4: What is eco-environmental ethics? Ecological ethics can also be called environmental ethics. That is, a series of moral norms for human beings to deal with their relations with surrounding animals, environment and nature. It is usually the ethical relationship formed by human beings in activities related to natural ecology and its adjustment principles.
The natural ecological activities of human beings reflect the relationship between man and nature, including the relationship between people, and express specific ethical values and value relationships. As a subsystem of the natural system, human beings exchange material, energy and information with the natural ecosystem, which constitutes the objective conditions for human survival. Therefore, human's moral concern for the natural ecosystem is fundamentally also their own moral concern.
Question 5: What does ecological environment mean? Ecological environment resources can be divided into two aspects: first, what is "ecological environment"; The second is what "resources" are. Ecological environment refers to the whole of various ecosystems which are composed of biological communities and abiotic natural factors, mainly or completely composed of natural factors, and indirectly, potentially and permanently affect human survival and development. The destruction of ecological environment will eventually lead to the deterioration of human living environment. Ecological environment and natural environment are two concepts with very similar meanings. Sometimes people confuse them, but strictly speaking, ecological environment is not the same as natural environment. The extension of natural environment is relatively wide, and the whole of various natural factors can be said to be natural environment, but only the whole system with certain ecological relationship can be called ecological environment. The whole composed only of abiotic factors can be called natural environment, but it cannot be called ecological environment. In this sense, the ecological environment is only a kind of natural environment, and the two have an inclusive relationship. Resources refer to all things and things that are useful to human beings. From the above two definitions, it seems that eco-environmental resources can be understood as one of the components of natural resources. At first, the concept of ecological environment is the sum of ecological factors (physical and geographical factors affecting organisms) centered on a certain organism. Taking the ecological environment as resources is mainly from the perspective of human survival and sustainable development, emphasizing the importance of protecting (rather than focusing on development and utilization) the ecological environment. The concept of "resources" involved here is different from the general concept of natural resources (direct economic value). Measures: 1, gradually narrowing the regional economic gap. The gap of regional economic development makes the supply of high-quality human resources in economically developed areas surplus, while the supply in underdeveloped areas is insufficient, which can not make the human resources rationally allocated, which is not conducive to the coordinated and balanced development of national economy and society. Therefore, the state has put forward a series of economic policies in recent years, such as the rise of central China and the development of the western region, aiming at gradually narrowing the regional economic gap. Only by optimizing the regional economic structure can we give full play to the characteristics and advantages of each region, make full use of natural resources, human resources and material and technical conditions in each region, accelerate the balanced development of regional economy and promote the development of the whole national economy. Moreover, a well-developed regional economy can better complement and cooperate with each other, and is also conducive to the free and balanced flow of labor. Accelerating the economic development in the central and western regions is a necessary condition for China to eliminate poverty and finally achieve prosperity. It is also a necessary prerequisite for optimizing the ecological environment of human resources. Therefore, only by speeding up the development of the central and western regions, guiding the rational distribution of regional economy, actively promoting horizontal cooperation and cooperation among regions, complementing each other's advantages, and gradually realizing the rational utilization and optimal allocation of resources nationwide, can the balance of human resources and the healthy and coordinated development of the national economy be guaranteed. 2. Improve the educational environment and focus on cultivating high-level human resources. The basic work of developing human resources is to educate and train human resources. In the era of knowledge economy, knowledge is updated too quickly, so the old education system in China must be reformed. The first is to broaden training channels. While further strengthening the position construction of Party schools and administrative colleges and giving full play to their role as the main channels of cadre education and training, we should broaden the training channels in accordance with the idea of "grasping extension vertically, seeking expansion horizontally, tapping potential at home and building bases abroad". "The so-called vertical extension means that party schools and administrative colleges, in the system, go up to the central (superior) party school, the national (lower) administrative college, and go down to the grassroots party school, and do a good job in cadre training according to the plan; The so-called horizontal expansion is to face domestic famous schools, make full use of the rich teaching resources in the field of national education, and educate and train in-service cadres; China's so-called tapping potential means sending cadres to the coastal areas for on-the-spot investigation and study, to Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions for centralized education and training, and to the central and state organs for temporary study and exercise. The so-called foreign base construction is to selectively establish cadre education and training bases in developed countries such as the United States, Japan, Singapore, and Western European countries to cultivate high-level talents to meet the needs of economic globalization and the era of knowledge economy. " Economic and social development needs a large number of outstanding talents, especially high-level talents, and the central and western regions are the regions with the most shortage of high-level talents. Therefore, we are objectively required to pay attention to the cultivation of high-level talents. At the same time, it is the material basis to improve the educational environment to increase the investment in training and ensure the funds for personnel training. In addition, the country ranks among the best ... >>
Question 6: What is the ecological environment? Ecological environment is also called natural environment. It is the sum of all natural substances and energy that can affect human life and production in the space surrounded by people. There are many kinds of substances that constitute the ecological environment, mainly air, water, soil, plants, animals, rocks and minerals, solar radiation and so on. These are the material basis of human existence. The distribution of these substances on the earth is regular. In different regions and spaces, there are certain proportions of various substances, which influence and restrict each other and form different ecosystems. Answer: September 2006-1911:31.