Before pregnancy? Pregnant? Postpartum couples must have a healthy body in order to successfully conceive a strong baby and bring him up. Now more and more couples are beginning to face up to the concepts of "eugenics and health care" and "gene counseling", so as to nip in the bud and give their children a healthier future.
Pre-pregnancy eugenics health care * * * has been sparing no effort to publicize in recent years, and the network information circulation is very developed. Gradually, more and more couples began to know that * * * provides subsidies for health check-ups before marriage. Ye Haijian, the attending physician of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Catholic Gengshen Hospital, said: "Clinically, it can indeed be noticed that there is an increasing trend of couples who come to the clinic for consultation or examination. Even many couples who plan to get married will come to the clinic for relevant consultation in advance. 」
In this regard, Chen Ming, director of the Genetic Counseling Center of Changhua Christian Hospital, also said: "Due to social changes and declining birthrate, young couples are now betting more on their children, so they are easy to feel anxious about health problems and naturally more willing to take the initiative. Accept relevant inspections. 」
Pre-pregnancy health examination after marriage focuses on pre-pregnancy health examination after marriage, and the main purpose is to protect the health of mommy and baby. Remind readers that the amount of subsidy for examination varies in different counties and cities. You should confirm with the county and city health bureau where you live that you will enjoy the subsidy for free health examination.
Female public security law
Among the publicly-funded pre-marital and pre-pregnancy health check-ups for women, 8 items are mainly urine check-ups, rubella antibodies, varicella antibodies, routine blood tests (including marine anemia), syphilis screening, AIDS screening, thyroid hormone (TSH) and lupus erythematosus (SLE).
1. Urine test
Confirm whether there are problems such as urinary tract infection and proteinuria. Women should avoid examination during menstruation.
2. German measles antibody and varicella antibody
If you are infected with rubella or chickenpox during pregnancy, it may cause fetal congenital defects. Therefore, it is suggested that women should be tested for rubella or varicella antibodies before pregnancy. German measles vaccine and varicella vaccine belong to "attenuated live vaccine", which requires contraception for half a year before pregnancy.
3. Routine blood tests
Through routine blood examination, we can see whether the hemoglobin of women is normal. Common causes of hemoglobin deficiency include iron deficiency anemia caused by excessive menstrual blood, and may also be patients with marine anemia. If there is any abnormality, further blood analysis is recommended.
4. Syphilis screening
Syphilis is a disease caused by Treponema pallidum infection, and the spontaneous abortion rate after infection is as high as 50%. Before pregnancy, if either spouse detects syphilis infection, they should receive antibiotic treatment as soon as possible. Treponema pallidum may infect the fetus vertically through the placenta, causing intrauterine growth retardation, non-immune fetal edema, stillbirth and premature delivery. After the baby is born, there will be problems such as humeral lesions, tooth deformity and nervous system damage.
5. AIDS screening
If both husband and wife are found to have AIDS, patients should be treated with antiviral drugs. Because babies are likely to be infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) during pregnancy, childbirth or postpartum breastfeeding. Dr. Ye pointed out that according to foreign statistical reports, if AIDS is diagnosed before or during pregnancy, but after appropriate drug treatment, the probability of fetal transmission during pregnancy can be reduced to below 1%.
6. Thyroid hormone
By drawing blood, you can check whether thyroxine is in normal value. If thyroxine is higher or lower than the normal value, it is suggested to further detect thyroid hormones (free T4 and T3) to diagnose hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism.
7.lupus erythematosus
Draw blood to check whether there are antinuclear antibiotics in the blood. If women have symptoms such as photosensitivity, oral ulcer, butterfly rash on face, discoid lupus, arthritis, serositis (including pleurisy or pericarditis), proteinuria, epilepsy, etc. Doctors will further diagnose whether they have lupus erythematosus.
Male public examination
Among the public health examination items for men before marriage and pregnancy, urine test, blood routine, syphilis screening, AIDS screening and * * * analysis (men please abstain from sex for 3 days) are the main five items. Because some inspection items are repeated by women, the following is only for men's unique "* * * analysis".
* * * Analysis
The Taipei Municipal Health Bureau has published the statistical results of health examination before marriage and pregnancy, and found that more than 40% of men have abnormal problems such as poor mobility and deformity. Dr. Ye Haijian suggested that if the test results are abnormal, you should consult an obstetrician with a background in reproductive medicine for further consultation and examination. Before the analysis, men should abstain from sex for 3 days.
It is recommended to check the project at your own expense.
1. Chlamydia screening
Chlamydia is a common bacterium causing pelvic inflammatory disease, which can lead to endometritis, salpingitis and pelvic inflammatory disease, and even lead to tubal injury, ectopic pregnancy and infertility in severe cases. If pregnant women are infected with chlamydia without treatment, there is a 30% to 50% chance of vertical infection of the fetus, leading to neonatal conjunctivitis and pneumonia.
2. Cytomegalovirus
According to statistics, about 1 of neonatal malformations are caused by cytomegalovirus infection. If pregnant mommy is infected with cytomegalovirus, the virus can infect the fetus through amniotic fluid or placenta, resulting in mental retardation, cerebellar lesions, deafness, hepatosplenomegaly, calcification around the newborn ventricle and so on.
At present, there is no medicine to treat cytomegalovirus infection. As long as you have been infected once, re-infection will not be affected. Therefore, if the pre-pregnancy examination finds maternal infection, the doctor will suggest temporarily postponing pregnancy to avoid the risk of infection to the baby.
3. Toxoplasma gondii examination
It is a disease shared by humans and animals, and it is infected by eating uncooked raw meat containing eggs. If a pregnant woman is infected, it can be transmitted vertically to the fetus through the placenta. Fetal infection may lead to different degrees of mental retardation and nerve damage, and severe infection may lead to abortion or stillbirth.
4. Herpes zoster virus
Herpes zoster virus can be transmitted vertically to the fetus through the placenta, and mild infection can cause local symptoms of eyes, skin or mouth. Severe infection can cause mental retardation, chorioretinitis, epilepsy, central nervous system damage and so on.
5. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1c)
It is suggested that women with family history of diabetes or diabetes can know whether their blood sugar is properly controlled within 3 months through glycosylated hemoglobin test, so as to avoid the impact of poor blood sugar control after pregnancy on fetal health.
The disease that affects pregnancy has come out! Many medical diseases may increase the risk of mother and fetus during pregnancy. Director Chen Ming explained: "For example, hypertension, diabetes, autoimmune diseases, heart disease, asthma, endocrine diseases and so on. Patients with severe symptoms may be classified as high-risk pregnancy clinically, and they must go to a well-equipped medical institution for treatment, and take the care of doctors with high-risk pregnancy as the top priority. "
Chen Ming's current position: Director of Genetic Counseling Center of Changhua Christian Hospital. Education: Bachelor of Medicine from National Taiwan University Medical College, Master of Medical Genetics from Glasgow University. Doctoral experience: Zhang Ji, Director of Genetic Medicine Department and Permanent Attending Physician of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assistant Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology from National Taiwan University Medical College, Reserve Chairman of Taiwan Province Maternal and Fetal Medical Association, Director of Taiwan Province Perinatal Medical Association, and Academician of World Fetal Medicine.
Ye Haijian's current position: Attending Physician of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic Gengshen Hospital Education: Bachelor of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, China Medical University Experience: Clinical researcher and attending physician of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangxin Hospital.
Interview with the author/Chen Anqi Consulting/Director of Genetic Consulting Center of Changhua Christian Hospital, Ye Haijian, attending physician of obstetrics and gynecology in Catholic Hospital, model/gentle pregnant mommy Yahui Makeup/Cai Photography/Lemon Lane Pavilion.